{"id":105659,"date":"2026-04-09T19:55:38","date_gmt":"2026-04-09T16:55:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/streha-e-humbur-ne-turqi-qe-mund-te-kete-ndryshuar-historine-e-njerezimit\/"},"modified":"2026-04-09T19:55:38","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T16:55:38","slug":"streha-e-humbur-ne-turqi-qe-mund-te-kete-ndryshuar-historine-e-njerezimit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/streha-e-humbur-ne-turqi-qe-mund-te-kete-ndryshuar-historine-e-njerezimit\/","title":{"rendered":"Streha e Humbur n\u00eb Turqi q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb ndryshuar historin\u00eb e njer\u00ebzimit"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Streha<\/figure>\n

N\u00eb mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e Turqis\u00eb juglindore, pran\u00eb fshatit t\u00eb sot\u00ebm \u00d6rencik, shtrihet nj\u00eb vend q\u00eb ka p\u00ebrmbysur gjith\u00e7ka q\u00eb mendonim se dinim p\u00ebr origjin\u00ebn e qytet\u00ebrimit: G\u00f6bekli Tepe, \u201cKodra me Bark\u201d, si\u00e7 do t\u00eb thot\u00eb n\u00eb turqisht.<\/p>\n

Historia e saj fillon rreth 11,500 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb Epok\u00ebs Neolitike, dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb e lidhur me misterin m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb t\u00eb ekzistenc\u00ebs njer\u00ebzore: kur dhe si filloi njeriu t\u00eb mendonte, t\u00eb krijonte, t\u00eb besonte.<\/p>\n

Deri n\u00eb zbulimin e saj, arkeolog\u00ebt besonin se njer\u00ebzit e asaj kohe ishin gjuetar\u00eb-mbledh\u00ebs q\u00eb jetonin n\u00eb grupe t\u00eb vogla endacake, pa vendbanime t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme, pa struktura komplekse shoq\u00ebrore, pa arkitektur\u00eb monumentale. Por G\u00f6bekli Tepe ndryshoi gjith\u00e7ka.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1994, arkeologu gjerman Klaus Schmidt, nga Instituti Arkeologjik Gjerman, e gjeti veten n\u00eb zon\u00eb dhe, me ekipin e tij, filloi g\u00ebrmimet n\u00eb nj\u00eb kod\u00ebr n\u00eb dukje t\u00eb zakonshme. S\u00eb shpejti, ata zbuluan di\u00e7ka q\u00eb do t\u00eb shokonte komunitetin shkencor: kolona t\u00eb m\u00ebdha guri n\u00eb form\u00eb T-je deri n\u00eb gjasht\u00eb metra t\u00eb larta dhe me pesh\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 15 ton, t\u00eb vendosura n\u00eb formacione rrethore.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebto kolona nuk ishin gur\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb. Ato ishin t\u00eb mbuluara me p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsime t\u00eb holl\u00ebsishme t\u00eb kafsh\u00ebve \u2013 luan\u00eb, dhelpra, gjarp\u00ebrinj, derra t\u00eb eg\u00ebr, skifter\u00eb -, t\u00eb gdhendura me nj\u00eb sakt\u00ebsi t\u00eb till\u00eb saq\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se krijuesit e tyre kishin arritur tashm\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel t\u00eb sofistikuar artistik.<\/p>\n

Kompleksi p\u00ebrfshin gjithashtu hap\u00ebsira t\u00eb shumta drejtk\u00ebnd\u00ebshe, t\u00eb cilat, si\u00e7 besohet, nuk ishin t\u00eb destinuara p\u00ebr banim, por p\u00ebr aktivitete rituale.<\/p>\n

Ky zbulim shkaktoi nj\u00eb rishikim t\u00eb madh n\u00eb kuptimin ton\u00eb p\u00ebr njeriun e Epok\u00ebs s\u00eb Gurit.<\/p>\n

Deri at\u00ebher\u00eb, studiuesit besonin se vendbanimi i p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm dhe prodhimi bujq\u00ebsor i paraprin\u00eb krijimit t\u00eb strukturave monumentale. Dometh\u00ebn\u00eb, njer\u00ebzit e par\u00eb m\u00ebsuan t\u00eb kultivonin tok\u00ebn, u organizuan n\u00eb komunitete, zhvilluan sisteme fetare dhe vet\u00ebm at\u00ebher\u00eb filluan t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtonin shenjt\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6bekli Tepe e sfidon k\u00ebt\u00eb rr\u00ebfim. K\u00ebtu shohim gjuetar\u00eb-mbledh\u00ebs q\u00eb nd\u00ebrtojn\u00eb nj\u00eb qend\u00ebr fetare mij\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00eb para zbulimit t\u00eb bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb \u2013 nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbysje q\u00eb na detyron t\u00eb rimendojm\u00eb rendin n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin evoluoi qytet\u00ebrimi.<\/p>\n

Kompleksi fetar m\u00eb i vjet\u00ebr i njohur n\u00eb bot\u00eb<\/p>\n

Shum\u00eb studiues besojn\u00eb se G\u00f6bekli Tepe \u00ebsht\u00eb kompleksi fetar m\u00eb i vjet\u00ebr i njohur n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Shtyllat gjigante prej guri, t\u00eb rregulluara n\u00eb rrath\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb, duket se kan\u00eb sh\u00ebrbyer si vende t\u00eb shenjta, vende adhurimi dhe ndoshta edhe sakrificash. Vendi ndodhet n\u00eb Mesopotamin\u00eb pjellore, shum\u00eb af\u00ebr malit Karaca Da\u011f, i cili, sipas hulumtimeve, \u00ebsht\u00eb vendi i lindjes s\u00eb mundshme t\u00eb drith\u00ebrave t\u00eb para t\u00eb kultivuara.<\/p>\n

Kjo i b\u00ebn disa studiues t\u00eb spekulojn\u00eb se G\u00f6bekli Tepe mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb qen\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb tranzicioni: nj\u00eb koh\u00eb kur njer\u00ebzit filluan t\u00eb mblidheshin rreth qendrave t\u00eb shenjta, gj\u00eb q\u00eb nga ana tjet\u00ebr \u00e7oi n\u00eb zhvillimin e bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe vendbanimeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, nuk ishte bujq\u00ebsia ajo q\u00eb solli fen\u00eb dhe kultur\u00ebn, por nevoja p\u00ebr rituale, p\u00ebr identitet kolektiv, q\u00eb mund t\u2019i ket\u00eb shtyr\u00eb njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend dhe t\u00eb eksperimentonin me bujq\u00ebsin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Shtrirja e vendit \u00ebsht\u00eb e madhe. Deri m\u00eb tani, jan\u00eb g\u00ebrmuar rreth 1.2 hektar\u00eb, por studimet gjeofizike tregojn\u00eb se kompleksi shtrihet n\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 22 hektar\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e tij mbetet e varrosur, me sekrete t\u00eb panjohura t\u00eb fshehura n\u00ebn tok\u00eb. Ndjenja e misterit rritet nga fakti se rreth vitit 8000 para Krishtit, G\u00f6bekli Tepe u mbulua q\u00ebllimisht me dhe dhe u braktis. Askush nuk e di pse.<\/p>\n

A ishte nj\u00eb lloj mbylljeje ritualiste e rrethit? Nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u2019u mbrojtur nga armiqt\u00eb? Apo ndryshuan praktikat shoq\u00ebrore dhe fetare, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb monumentin t\u00eb vjet\u00ebruar?<\/p>\n

R\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e G\u00f6bekli Tepe shkon p\u00ebrtej kufijve t\u00eb arkeologjis\u00eb. Disa studiues e krahasojn\u00eb at\u00eb me Kopshtin e Edenit, pasi ndodhet n\u00eb t\u00eb ashtuquajtur\u00ebn Gjysm\u00ebh\u00ebn\u00eb Pjellore, rajoni ku qytet\u00ebrimet e para t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, si\u00e7 ishin Sumer\u00ebt, zhvilluan shkrimin.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb sikur po shohim faz\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb zinxhiri t\u00eb gjat\u00eb t\u00eb evolucionit kulturor: nga gur\u00ebt e gdhendur t\u00eb G\u00f6bekli Tepe te pllakat kuneiforme n\u00eb Mesopotami, dhe prej andej te qytetet dhe perandorit\u00eb e para.<\/p>\n

G\u00ebrmimet, t\u00eb cilat vazhdojn\u00eb edhe sot e k\u00ebsaj dite, kan\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb drit\u00eb gjetje q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb se njer\u00ebzit e asaj kohe kishin njohuri shum\u00eb m\u00eb komplekse nga sa imagjinonim. Pikturat murale, skulpturat, teknikat e nxjerrjes s\u00eb gur\u00ebve dhe transportimit t\u00eb gur\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb se k\u00ebrkohej organizim dhe pun\u00eb kolektive. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb kontrast t\u00eb plot\u00eb me imazhin e gjahtarit t\u00eb izoluar dhe endacak, i cili jetonte vet\u00ebm ose me disa njer\u00ebz. P\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar G\u00f6bekli Tepe, dhjet\u00ebra, ndoshta qindra njer\u00ebz duhej t\u00eb punonin s\u00eb bashku, p\u00ebr t\u00eb planifikuar, ekzekutuar dhe mir\u00ebmbajtur nj\u00eb projekt me kompleksitet t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

Ndikimi i zbulimit n\u00eb shkenc\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm<\/p>\n

Ndikimi i zbulimit n\u00eb shkenc\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm. Klaus Schmidt thoshte se G\u00f6bekli Tepe nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb monument, por nj\u00eb sfid\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar vet\u00eb historin\u00eb njer\u00ebzore. Nd\u00ebrsa m\u00eb par\u00eb mendonim se feja ishte nj\u00eb n\u00ebnprodukt i qytet\u00ebrimit, G\u00f6bekli Tepe sugjeron se mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb qen\u00eb shkaku i saj. Grumbullimi i njer\u00ebzve rreth nj\u00eb vendi t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt adhurimi mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb krijuar nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr forma t\u00eb reja t\u00eb organizimit shoq\u00ebror, p\u00ebr ushqim m\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm, p\u00ebr strehime m\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme, duke \u00e7uar n\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb vet\u00eb lindjen e qytet\u00ebrimit si\u00e7 e njohim ne.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, G\u00f6bekli Tepe ndryshon edhe rr\u00ebfimin ton\u00eb rreth imagjinat\u00ebs njer\u00ebzore. Stelat jan\u00eb plot me simbole q\u00eb nuk lidhen vet\u00ebm me gjueti ose ushqim. Shum\u00eb prej tyre p\u00ebrshkruajn\u00eb qenie mitike, forma abstrakte dhe madje edhe element\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb lidhen me p\u00ebrpjekjet e para p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar qiellin dhe yj\u00ebsit\u00eb. Nuk kemi burime t\u00eb shkruara, por p\u00ebrmes skulpturave mund t\u00eb hamend\u00ebsojm\u00eb ekzistenc\u00ebn e simbolizmit, legjendave dhe ndoshta edhe kozmologjive t\u00eb hershme fetare.<\/p>\n

UNESCO e p\u00ebrfshiu G\u00f6bekli Tepe n\u00eb List\u00ebn e Trash\u00ebgimis\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore n\u00eb vitin 2018, duke njohur ve\u00e7antin\u00eb e saj. Sot, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga vendet m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme arkeologjike n\u00eb bot\u00eb dhe t\u00ebrheq shkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb, historian\u00eb dhe udh\u00ebtar\u00eb q\u00eb duan t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb vendin ku, si\u00e7 thon\u00eb shum\u00eb, \u201cfilloi historia\u201d. Pavar\u00ebsisht dekadave t\u00eb k\u00ebrkimit, \u00e7do g\u00ebrmim i ri ngre m\u00eb shum\u00eb pyetje sesa p\u00ebrgjigjet.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6bekli Tepe mbetet nj\u00eb mister, jo sepse nuk e kuptojm\u00eb teknik\u00ebn e saj, por sepse nuk e kuptojm\u00eb motivimin. Pse u investua kaq shum\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje dhe energji n\u00eb nj\u00eb projekt t\u00eb nj\u00eb madh\u00ebsie t\u00eb till\u00eb? \u00c7far\u00eb nevoje i shtyu njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb ende nuk dinin si ta kultivonin tok\u00ebn t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunonin p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar nj\u00eb tempull? Ndoshta p\u00ebrgjigjja q\u00ebndron n\u00eb nevoj\u00ebn e njeriut p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb kuptim bot\u00ebs, p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur shpjegime p\u00ebr jet\u00ebn, vdekjen, natyr\u00ebn, t\u00eb panjohur\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Duke par\u00eb kolonat e saj t\u00eb heshtura sot, ndihet pesha e koh\u00ebs. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb vend arkeologjik, por nj\u00eb pasqyr\u00eb e origjin\u00ebs son\u00eb. Nj\u00eb vend ku njer\u00ebzit e par\u00eb u mblodh\u00ebn, jo p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar sht\u00ebpi, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur kuptim.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb G\u00f6bekli Tepe, toka fsheh jo vet\u00ebm sekretet e s\u00eb kaluar\u00ebs, por edhe shk\u00ebndij\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimit ton\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\n

Burimi: tesheshi<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u00eb mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e Turqis\u00eb juglindore, pran\u00eb fshatit t\u00eb sot\u00ebm \u00d6rencik, shtrihet nj\u00eb vend q\u00eb ka p\u00ebrmbysur gjith\u00e7ka q\u00eb mendonim se dinim p\u00ebr origjin\u00ebn e qytet\u00ebrimit: G\u00f6bekli Tepe, \u201cKodra me Bark\u201d, si\u00e7 do t\u00eb thot\u00eb n\u00eb turqisht. Historia e saj fillon rreth 11,500 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb Epok\u00ebs Neolitike, dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb e lidhur me […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":105658,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-105659","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kulture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105659","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=105659"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105659\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/105658"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=105659"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=105659"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=105659"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}