{"id":111361,"date":"2026-05-26T12:35:18","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T09:35:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/nga-vjen-pambuku-nje-studim-gjenetik-thur-historine-e-mijera-viteve\/"},"modified":"2026-05-26T12:35:18","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T09:35:18","slug":"nga-vjen-pambuku-nje-studim-gjenetik-thur-historine-e-mijera-viteve","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/nga-vjen-pambuku-nje-studim-gjenetik-thur-historine-e-mijera-viteve\/","title":{"rendered":"Nga vjen pambuku? Nj\u00eb studim gjenetik \u201cthur\u201d historin\u00eb e mij\u00ebra viteve"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Nga<\/figure>\n

I njohur p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe rehatin\u00eb q\u00eb ofron, pambuku p\u00ebrdoret sot m\u00eb shum\u00eb se \u00e7do tjet\u00ebr fib\u00ebr bimore dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga kulturat m\u00eb fitimprur\u00ebse t\u00eb bim\u00ebve jo-ushqimore n\u00eb bot\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Sot kultivohen kat\u00ebr lloje kryesore pambuku n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn, por nj\u00eb prej tyre, Gossypium hirsutum, dominon me rreth 90% t\u00eb prodhimit global.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb studim i ri gjenetik gjurmon zbutjen e k\u00ebsaj specieje t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme dhe zbulon se ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb domestikuar rreth 4 deri n\u00eb 7 mij\u00eb vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn veriper\u00ebndimore t\u00eb gadishullit Jukatan n\u00eb Meksik\u00eb. N\u00eb at\u00eb periudh\u00eb, n\u00eb zon\u00eb jetonin fermer\u00eb t\u00eb Epok\u00ebs s\u00eb Bronzit, shum\u00eb p\u00ebrpara shfaqjes s\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimit Maya.<\/p>\n

Studiuesit arrit\u00ebn n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim duke krahasuar gjenomin e varieteteve t\u00eb kultivuara me bim\u00eb t\u00eb egra nga Jukatani, Florida dhe ishujt e Porto Rikos dhe Guadelupes n\u00eb Karaibe.<\/p>\n

\u201cBim\u00ebt e egra t\u00eb pambukut jan\u00eb shkurre drunore, shum\u00eb t\u00eb deg\u00ebzuara ose pem\u00eb t\u00eb vogla. Jan\u00eb jet\u00ebgjata, me lul\u00ebzim t\u00eb rrall\u00eb dhe me lule, fruta dhe fara m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla krahasuar me varietetet e kultivuara\u201d, tha p\u00ebr Reuters Jonathan Wendel nga Universiteti Shtet\u00ebror i Ajov\u00ebs, bashkautor i studimit t\u00eb publikuar n\u00eb revist\u00ebn PNAS.<\/p>\n

Ai shtoi se fijet e pambukut jan\u00eb n\u00eb fakt qeliza t\u00eb vetme t\u00eb qimeve t\u00eb far\u00ebs, por p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb nj\u00eb nga strukturat m\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta dhe t\u00eb mahnitshme t\u00eb bim\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Sipas studiuesve, \u201ctekstilist\u00ebt e hersh\u00ebm i tjerrnin fijet me dor\u00eb dhe i p\u00ebrdornin p\u00ebr t\u00eb endur p\u00eblhura, rrjeta peshkimi, litar\u00eb dhe produkte t\u00eb tjera\u201d, tha Corinne Grover nga Universiteti Shtet\u00ebror i Ajov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Tkurrja e diversitetit gjenetik<\/p>\n

Gossypium hirsutum u p\u00ebrhap n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn pas ardhjes s\u00eb pushtuesve spanjoll\u00eb n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb n\u00eb shekullin XVI. Sot, Kina, India, SHBA dhe Brazili jan\u00eb prodhuesit m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj.<\/p>\n

Si\u00e7 pritej, varietetet e sotme t\u00eb kultivuara t\u00eb pambukut kan\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb pak diversitet gjenetik krahasuar me paraardh\u00ebsit e tyre t\u00eb eg\u00ebr, nj\u00eb fenomen i zakonsh\u00ebm tek speciet e domestikuara t\u00eb bim\u00ebve dhe kafsh\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt paralajm\u00ebrojn\u00eb se kjo ulje e diversitetit e kufizon aft\u00ebsin\u00eb e specieve p\u00ebr t\u2019u p\u00ebrshtatur ndaj ndryshimeve mjedisore, si rritja e temperaturave p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ndryshimeve klimatike.<\/p>\n

Sipas studimeve t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme, nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr specie pambuku, Gossypium barbadense, q\u00eb sot p\u00ebrb\u00ebn rreth 5% t\u00eb prodhimit global, mendohet t\u00eb ket\u00eb origjin\u00eb nga Peruja ose Ekuadori.<\/p>\n

Sasi m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla prodhohen edhe nga dy specie t\u00eb tjera: Gossypium arboreum, me origjin\u00eb nga India, dhe Gossypium herbaceum, q\u00eb vjen nga Afrika Sub-Sahariane dhe Gadishulli Arabik.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fund t\u00eb shekullit XVIII, n\u00eb SHBA u shfaq\u00ebn makinat e para t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb pambukut, t\u00eb cilat automatizuan ndarjen e farave nga fijet. Kjo e rriti ndjesh\u00ebm shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrpunimit dhe e b\u00ebri kultivimin e pambukut shum\u00eb m\u00eb fitimprur\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Sipas Grover, \u201cpambuku ka nj\u00eb histori komplekse, kryesisht p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb lidhjes s\u00eb tij me skllav\u00ebrin\u00eb, shfryt\u00ebzimin e popujve indigjen\u00eb dhe zgjerimin e perandorive. Megjithat\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kultur\u00eb e p\u00ebrhershme, e nd\u00ebrthurur me jet\u00ebn e njer\u00ebzve n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn.\u201d<\/p>\n

\n

Burimi: mesazhi<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

I njohur p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe rehatin\u00eb q\u00eb ofron, pambuku p\u00ebrdoret sot m\u00eb shum\u00eb se \u00e7do tjet\u00ebr fib\u00ebr bimore dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga kulturat m\u00eb fitimprur\u00ebse t\u00eb bim\u00ebve jo-ushqimore n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Sot kultivohen kat\u00ebr lloje kryesore pambuku n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn, por nj\u00eb prej tyre, Gossypium hirsutum, dominon me rreth 90% t\u00eb prodhimit global. Nj\u00eb studim i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":111360,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-111361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kuriozitete"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=111361"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111361\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/111360"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=111361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=111361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=111361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}