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Komiteti i Stambollit dhe platforma e tij politike<\/strong><\/p>\n Q\u00ebndresa osmane n\u00eb Plevla vazhdoi pes\u00eb muaj. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb patriot\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb, edhe pse bisedimet e Janin\u00ebs u nd\u00ebrpren\u00eb, nuk hoq\u00ebn dor\u00eb nga ideja e kryengritjes \u00e7lirimtare kund\u00ebrosmane. Ata i vazhduan p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u2019i shkrir\u00eb komitetet shqiptare lokale n\u00eb nj\u00eb komitet komb\u00ebtar, p\u00ebr formimin e komitetit qendror komb\u00ebtar dhe p\u00ebr p\u00ebrgatitjen e kryengritjes s\u00eb armatosur. Por, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb malet Ballkan dhe n\u00eb sektorin e Kaukazit ushtrit\u00eb osmane ndal\u00ebn p\u00ebrparimin e ushtris\u00eb ruse, n\u00eb frontin malazez, n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Veriut n\u00eb gusht 1877, mbrojtja turke u thye dhe ushtria osmane filloi t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqej drejt jugut. Kjo ngjarje tronditi opinionin publik n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Veriut. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana u formua n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr nj\u00eb komitet shqiptar i p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt mysliman\u00eb e katolik\u00eb, i kryesuar nga Pjet\u00ebr Gurakuqi. N\u00eb memorandumin e k\u00ebtij komiteti k\u00ebrkohej t\u00eb formohej nj\u00eb shtet komb\u00ebtar m\u00eb vete n\u00ebn vasalitetin e sulltanit, si\u00e7 ishin n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb Serbia dhe Rumania. Por gjendja n\u00eb frontin me Malin e Zi u stabilizua shpejt. P\u00ebrparimi i ushtris\u00eb malazeze u ndal.<\/p>\n Gjat\u00eb vjesht\u00ebs s\u00eb vitit 1877 patriot\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb i kushtuan kujdes edhe fushat\u00ebs s\u00eb zgjedhjeve p\u00ebr parlamentin e dyt\u00eb osman. Megjith\u00ebse zgjedhjet qen\u00eb indirekte dhe u zhvilluan n\u00ebn diktatin e valinjve, n\u00ebn trysnin\u00eb q\u00eb vinte nga posht\u00eb dol\u00ebn deputet\u00eb edhe disa personalitete atdhetare, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat ishte edhe Abdyl Frash\u00ebri<\/p>\n \u00c7eljen e parlamentit n\u00eb dhjetor t\u00eb atij viti patriot\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb, sidomos antar\u00ebt e Komitetit t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs, e shfryt\u00ebzuan p\u00ebr t\u00eb organizuar n\u00eb kryeqytetin perandorak nj\u00eb takim n\u00eb shkall\u00eb komb\u00ebtare. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 deputet\u00ebve t\u00eb parlamentit, u thirr\u00ebn n\u00eb Stamboll edhe personalitete t\u00eb njohura shqiptare q\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonin pothuajse t\u00eb gjitha krahinat e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00eb mbledhjen e par\u00eb, q\u00eb u mbajt m\u00eb 18 dhjetor 1877, u miratua forumi i organizat\u00ebs atdhetare revolucionare me emrin Komiteti Qendror p\u00ebr Mbrojtjen e t\u00eb Drejtave t\u00eb Komb\u00ebsis\u00eb Shqiptare, ose si\u00e7 u quajt shkurt Komiteti i Stambollit. Kryetari i Komitetit u zgjodh Abdyl Frash\u00ebri. Megjith\u00ebse nuk dihet ende p\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e plot\u00eb e k\u00ebtij Komiteti, jan\u00eb njohur tanim\u00eb si an\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb tij Pashko Vasa, Jani Vreto, Ymer Prizreni, Zija Prishtina, Sami Frash\u00ebri, Ahmet Koronica, Mihal Harito, Iljaz Dibra, Mehmet Ali Vrioni, Seid Toptani,Basri Beadini Mustafa Nuri Vlora, Mane Tahiri Kadri Bajri etj.<\/p>\n N\u00eb programin politik t\u00eb Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit p\u00ebrfshihej teza mbi organizimin me ngut\u00ebsi t\u00eb kryengritjes s\u00eb armatosur kund\u00ebrosmane dhe krijimin e shtetit komb\u00ebtar shqiptar. Komiteti vendosi gjithashtu q\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilloheshin bisedime me Greqin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur nj\u00eb aleanc\u00eb shqiptaro-greke sipas platform\u00ebs s\u00eb parashtruar nga Abdyl Frash\u00ebri.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb ngjarjet n\u00eb front p\u00ebsuan nj\u00eb kthes\u00eb rr\u00ebnj\u00ebsore. M\u00eb 10 dhjetor 1877 q\u00ebndresa e Plevl\u00ebs u thye. Ushtrit\u00eb ruse filluan t\u00eb p\u00ebrparonin p\u00ebrmes maleve Ballkan. Serbia e Mali i Zi mor\u00ebn zem\u00ebr nga p\u00ebrparimi rus dhe rifilluan veprimet luftarake kund\u00ebr Turqis\u00eb. Perandoria Osmane tani dukej se ishte n\u00eb pragun e katastrof\u00ebs s\u00eb plot\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana qeveria e Athin\u00ebs e pranoi propozimin e ri t\u00eb paraqitur nga patriot\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rifilluar bisedimet dypal\u00ebshe q\u00eb ishin nd\u00ebrprer\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb korrikut.<\/p>\n Turi i dyt\u00eb i bisedimeve shqiptaro-greke u zhvillua n\u00eb Stamboll gjat\u00eb gjysm\u00ebs s\u00eb dyt\u00eb t\u00eb muajit dhjetor 1877. K\u00ebt\u00eb radh\u00eb qeverin\u00eb greke e p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonte Stefanos Skuludhi, deputet n\u00eb parlamentin e Greqis\u00eb. Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, i cili kryesonte p\u00ebrs\u00ebri delegacionin shqiptar, tani nuk p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonte Komitetin Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs, por Komitetin Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Stambollit. Abdyli i parashtroi Stefanos Skuludhit planin e holl\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb shp\u00ebrthimit t\u00eb kryengritjes shqiptare, e cila do t\u00eb fillonte n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Jugut. Menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas saj do t\u00eb formohej qeveria e p\u00ebrkohshme e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, q\u00eb do t\u00eb njihej nga Greqia, e cila do t\u00eb hynte gjithashtu n\u00eb luft\u00eb kund\u00ebr Perandoris\u00eb Osmane n\u00eb Thesali. Kryengritja do t\u00eb shtrihej n\u00eb Geg\u00ebri e n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. Greqia do t\u2019i ndihmonte shqiptar\u00ebt me armatime. Projekti i Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit ishte i leverdish\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb dyja pal\u00ebt. Shqip\u00ebria siguronte t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb territoriale, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e saj edhe vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs (Epirin), nd\u00ebrsa Greqia hiqte dor\u00eb nga Epiri, por do t\u00eb aneksonte pa luft\u00eb Thesalin\u00eb, me ndihm\u00ebn e oficer\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb q\u00eb komandonin ushtrin\u00eb osmane. Abdyli u p\u00ebrpoq edhe nj\u00eb her\u00eb ta bindte qeverin\u00eb e Athin\u00ebs, se ishte n\u00eb interes t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb q\u00eb ajo t\u00eb kishte si aleate, kund\u00ebr Perandoris\u00eb Osmane e kund\u00ebr rrezikut rus, nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri t\u00eb fort\u00eb, prandaj nguli k\u00ebmb\u00eb q\u00eb aleanca dypal\u00ebshe t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohej sipas parimit t\u00eb njohjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb principate t\u00eb pavarur shqiptare n\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e saj etnik\u00eb, n\u00eb krye t\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs mund t\u00eb vihej edhe nj\u00eb princ me origjin\u00eb nga dinastia q\u00eb mbret\u00ebronte n\u00eb Greqi. Por pala greke nuk hoqi dor\u00eb as k\u00ebt\u00eb radh\u00eb nga pretendimet ndaj Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Si rrjedhim, n\u00eb dit\u00ebt e fundit t\u00eb dhjetorit, me urdhrin telegrafik t\u00eb ardhur nga Athina, bisedimet shqiptaro-greke u nd\u00ebrpren\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebri.<\/p>\n N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb vitit 1878 situata n\u00eb front u p\u00ebrmbys plot\u00ebsisht. Pasi kaluan malet Ballkan, ushtrit\u00eb ruse filluan t\u00eb p\u00ebrparonin me shpejt\u00ebsi n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb jugut, pa ndeshur ndonj\u00eb rezistenc\u00eb serioze nga ana e ushtrive osmane. M\u00eb 4 janar 1878 ato pushtuan Sofjen, m\u00eb 18 janar Edrenen\u00eb dhe m\u00eb 28 janar arrit\u00ebn n\u00eb fshatin Sh\u00ebn-Stefan, n\u00eb periferi t\u00eb Stambollit. Nga paniku q\u00eb pushtoi Perandorin\u00eb Osmane p\u00ebrfituan ushtrit\u00eb serbe, t\u00eb cilat marshuan pa v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi drejt vilajetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs dhe, pasi mor\u00ebn Pirotin, Nishin, Kurshunlin\u00eb dhe Vranj\u00ebn, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb janarit arrit\u00ebn n\u00eb Gjilan. Po ashtu, ushtrit\u00eb malazeze pushtuan m\u00eb 10 janar Tivarin, m\u00eb 19 janar Ulqinin dhe nj\u00eb jav\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb dol\u00ebn n\u00eb brigjet e liqenit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs e t\u00eb lumit t\u00eb Bun\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Disfata e plot\u00eb e ushtrive osmane i shqet\u00ebsoi t\u00eb gjitha Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb ajo tronditi Britanin\u00eb e Madhe, e cila, p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar hyrjen e ushtrive ruse n\u00eb Stamboll, d\u00ebrgoi flot\u00ebn e saj luftarake n\u00eb detin Marmara. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, me nxitjen e saj, Porta e Lart\u00eb i k\u00ebrkoi komand\u00ebs ruse arm\u00ebpushim. Duke par\u00eb se Anglia ishte e vendosur t\u00eb mbronte me \u00e7do kusht kryeqytetin osman, Rusia n\u00ebnshkroi n\u00eb Edrene, m\u00eb 31 janar 1878, arm\u00ebpushimin me Perandorin\u00eb Osmane dhe filloi bisedimet p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar Traktatin e Paqes me t\u00eb.<\/p>\n Situata e re nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, q\u00eb u krijua pas disfat\u00ebs s\u00eb plot\u00eb turke, e detyroi Komitetin e Stambollit ta rishikonte programin e vet. Sipas tij, shp\u00ebrthimi n\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana i kryengritjes kund\u00ebrosmane n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb hap i d\u00ebmsh\u00ebm, q\u00eb do ta leht\u00ebsonte p\u00ebrparimin e ushtrive serbe, malazeze e greke n\u00eb brendi t\u00eb trojeve shqiptare dhe do t\u2019u jepte rast monarkive fqinje q\u00eb ta sanksiononin me an\u00ebn e fitores ushtarake aneksimin e viseve t\u00eb pushtuara prej tyre. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye Komiteti hoqi dor\u00eb p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht nga projekti i kryengritjes s\u00eb armatosur dhe hartoi nj\u00eb program t\u00eb ri politik p\u00ebr L\u00ebvizjen Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare.<\/p>\n Programi i ri, i cili u p\u00ebrpunua n\u00eb dit\u00ebt e para t\u00eb vitit 1878, p\u00ebrmbante ndryshime taktike e jo strategjike. Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit nuk hoq\u00ebn dor\u00eb nga synimi i tyre i m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm, nga formimi i shtetit komb\u00ebtar shqiptar. Por tani para Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb q\u00ebndronte si detyr\u00eb e ngutshme ruajtja e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb saj tok\u00ebsore. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, ata mendonin se n\u00eb kushtet e reja pavar\u00ebsia komb\u00ebtare e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ishte e parealizueshme, pasi ajo nuk g\u00ebzonte asnj\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, tani q\u00eb kishte filluar pushtimi i trojeve shqiptare nga ushtrit\u00eb fqinje, rreziku i cop\u00ebtimit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ishte b\u00ebr\u00eb shum\u00eb serioz. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb re shqiptar\u00ebt u kthyen p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00eb programin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb plot\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, ata vendos\u00ebn t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin bashkimin e trojeve t\u00eb tyre amtare n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet autonom shqiptar n\u00eb kuadrin e Perandoris\u00eb Osmane. Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit shpresonin se krijimi i nj\u00eb vilajeti t\u00eb till\u00eb do t\u00eb gjente p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebs n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn mb\u00ebshtetjen e atyre Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha q\u00eb nuk e d\u00ebshironin shpartallimin e plot\u00eb t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb territoriale, shqiptar\u00ebt do t\u00eb luftonin t\u00eb ve\u00e7uar nga Perandoria Osmane, do t\u00eb hynin n\u00eb betej\u00eb kund\u00ebr rrezikut sllav, grek, austriak ose italian n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb interesave komb\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Ata ishin t\u00eb bindur se nj\u00eb luft\u00eb e till\u00eb, si edhe formimi i vilajetit autonom shqiptar, do ta sanksiononte n\u00eb plan nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar ekzistenc\u00ebn e shqiptar\u00ebve si komb dhe t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb territoriale t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. K\u00ebto fitore do t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbenin si baz\u00eb p\u00ebr ta kthyer vilajetin autonom shqiptar, n\u00eb rrethana koniunkturale m\u00eb t\u00eb favorshme, n\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet t\u00eb pavarur shqiptar. P\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur bashkimin politik dhe organizativ t\u00eb mbar\u00eb vendit rreth k\u00ebsaj platforme, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit vendos\u00ebn t\u00eb formonin nj\u00eb lidhje shqiptare me karakter komb\u00ebtar, ku t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsoheshin t\u00eb gjitha shtresat shoq\u00ebrore dhe t\u00eb gjitha krahinat shqiptare q\u00eb b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb kat\u00ebr vilajetet per\u00ebndimore t\u00eb Gadishullit Ballkanik. Projektin p\u00ebr formimin e saj e p\u00ebrgatiti qysh n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb vitit 1878, Pashko Vasa, q\u00eb n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb ishte k\u00ebshilltar i valiut t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit shpresonin se me programin e tyre t\u00eb ri, i cili e p\u00ebrjashtonte p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht konfliktin e armatosur shqiptaro-turk, Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk do ta pengonte formimin e Lidhjes Shqiptare. Kjo liri veprimi kishte r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr ta, pasi u jepte atyre mund\u00ebsi q\u00eb ta shpejtonin formimin e lidhjes komb\u00ebtare dhe organizimin e forcave t\u00eb saj t\u00eb armatosura. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim Komiteti i Stambollit ngarkoi nj\u00eb komision t\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebm, t\u00eb kryesuar nga Pashko Vasa, p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb lejen p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse nga Porta e Lart\u00eb. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb Stambolli nuk dha asnj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje.<\/p>\n Gjat\u00eb muajit shkurt 1878 tensionin politik t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve e rriti edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb ekspedita q\u00eb organizoi qeveria greke kund\u00ebr trojeve komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Q\u00eb ta vinte Rusin\u00eb para faktit t\u00eb kryer dhe t\u00eb merrte parasysh aspiratat e saj territoriale, qeveria e Athin\u00ebs e detyroi Komitetin e Korfuzit q\u00eb, para se t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruhej Traktati i Paqes me Turqin\u00eb, t\u00eb provokonte n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Jugut nj\u00eb kryengritje t\u00eb armatosur kund\u00ebrosmane dhe t\u00eb nxiste kryengrit\u00ebsit vendas q\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin bashkimin e krahinave t\u00eb tyre me Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Greqis\u00eb. Sipas planit t\u00eb saj t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur me kujdes, m\u00eb 12 shkurt 1878 nj\u00eb band\u00eb e madhe greke me rreth 600 \u201cvullnetar\u00eb\u201d t\u00eb ashtuquajtur epirot\u00eb, t\u00eb rekrutuar n\u00eb Greqi, midis t\u00eb cil\u00ebve kishte edhe disa mercenar\u00eb t\u00eb huaj, t\u00eb pajisur me arm\u00eb e topa t\u00eb ushtris\u00eb helenike dhe t\u00eb komanduar nga oficer\u00eb grek\u00eb, zbarkuan nga ishulli i Korfuzit n\u00eb fshatin L\u00ebkur\u00ebs, n\u00eb af\u00ebrsit\u00eb e Sarand\u00ebs. Pasi ngrit\u00ebn k\u00ebtu flamurin e Greqis\u00eb, shpall\u00ebn fillimin e kryengritjes \u201cgreke\u201d n\u00eb viset e Epirit. T\u00eb nes\u00ebrmen, m\u00eb 13 shkurt, internacionalist\u00ebt grek\u00eb pushtuan Sarand\u00ebn; pastaj nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e tyre u drejtua p\u00ebr n\u00eb fshatin \u00c7uk\u00eb, pjesa tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr n\u00eb fshatin Gjasht\u00eb, duke shpresuar se aksioni i tyre do t\u00eb ishte sinjali p\u00ebr shp\u00ebrthimin e kryengritjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme nga ana e popullsis\u00eb vendase.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrkaq popullsia shqiptare vendase jo vet\u00ebm nuk u bashkua me band\u00ebn greke, por, p\u00ebrkundrazi, u ngrit n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb kund\u00ebr saj. N\u00ebn thirrjen e krer\u00ebve lokal\u00eb, me mij\u00ebra vullnetar\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb rr\u00ebmbyen arm\u00ebt p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e vendit. P\u00ebrparimi i forcave greke u ndal n\u00eb kodrat e Gjasht\u00ebs. M\u00eb 17 shkurt vullnetar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb, s\u00eb bashku me forcat turke q\u00eb erdh\u00ebn nga Janina, u shkaktuan atyre dy disfata t\u00eb r\u00ebnda, nj\u00ebr\u00ebn n\u00eb Karalibej, tjetr\u00ebn n\u00eb Gjasht\u00eb, dhe i detyruan t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqeshin me humbje t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb L\u00ebkur\u00ebs. Pas nj\u00eb luftimi tjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb u zhvillua m\u00eb 23 shkurt 1878 n\u00eb L\u00ebkur\u00ebs, banda u shpartallua plot\u00ebsisht. Komandanti i tyre mundi t\u00eb shp\u00ebtonte s\u00eb bashku me 110 veta, duke u t\u00ebrhequr gjat\u00eb bregdetit, derisa u hodh n\u00eb Korfuz. T\u00eb tjer\u00ebt u vran\u00eb ose u zun\u00eb rob\u00ebr gjat\u00eb luftimeve.<\/p>\n Themelimi i Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit<\/strong><\/p>\n Nj\u00eb muaj pas arm\u00ebpushimit t\u00eb Edrenes\u00eb u n\u00ebnshkrua n\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Stefan, m\u00eb 3 mars 1878, Traktati i Paqes nd\u00ebrmjet Perandoris\u00eb Ruse dhe Perandoris\u00eb Osmane. Traktati i Sh\u00ebn Stefanit i shk\u00ebpuste Perandoris\u00eb Osmane rreth 80% t\u00eb zot\u00ebrimeve t\u00eb saj n\u00eb Gadishullin Ballkanik. Me shpres\u00eb se do t\u00eb shmangte kund\u00ebrshtimin e fuqive t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, Rusia nuk mori p\u00ebr vete asgj\u00eb nga k\u00ebto territore. Ajo u kufizua vet\u00ebm duke i shk\u00ebputur Rumanis\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e kishte aleate n\u00eb luft\u00ebn q\u00eb fitoi, krahin\u00ebn e Besarabis\u00eb n\u00eb veri t\u00eb lumit Pruth dhe duke aneksuar disa krahina q\u00eb zot\u00ebronte Perandoria Osmane, n\u00eb jug t\u00eb Kaukazit (Kars, Ardahan, Bajazid e Batum). <\/p>\n Synimet e saj hegjemoniste n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Juglindore Rusia cariste do t\u2019i siguronte kryesisht n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet Bullgaris\u00eb s\u00eb madhe autonome q\u00eb u krijua me Traktatin e Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit. Bullgaria do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb principat\u00eb autonome me qeverin\u00eb e saj, tributare ndaj sulltanit. Formimi i saj ishte n\u00eb vetvete nj\u00eb hap pozitiv, pasi e \u00e7lironte popullin bullgar nga zgjedha shekullore osmane. Por, Rusia krijoi nj\u00eb Bullgari t\u00eb madhe, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ajo do ta kishte si nj\u00eb satelite t\u00eb saj me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb vendoste n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet saj zot\u00ebrimin e vet n\u00eb Gadishullin Ballkanik. N\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e saj do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihej shumica d\u00ebrrmuese e tokave q\u00eb i shk\u00ebputeshin Perandoris\u00eb Osmane. Kjo do t\u00eb shtrihej n\u00eb lindje deri n\u00eb Detin e Zi, n\u00eb jug deri n\u00eb detin Egje, n\u00eb veri deri n\u00eb Danub dhe n\u00eb per\u00ebndim deri n\u00eb malet e Voskopoj\u00ebs. Sado q\u00eb Bullgaria e madhe do t\u00eb mbetej n\u00ebn sovranitetin e sulltanit turk, Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb kishte t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb vendoste brenda kufijve t\u00eb saj asnj\u00eb garnizon ushtarak osman. Pjesa tjet\u00ebr e territoreve perandorake do t\u2019i jepej Rumanis\u00eb, Serbis\u00eb dhe Malit t\u00eb Zi, q\u00eb ktheheshin nga principata autonome n\u00eb shtete t\u00eb pavarura. Greqia nuk p\u00ebrfitonte asgj\u00eb. Ajo do t\u00eb mbetej ashtu si\u00e7 ishte, nj\u00eb shtet i pavarur brenda kufijve t\u00eb saj t\u00eb paraluft\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Traktati i Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit nuk e zinte fare n\u00eb goj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, e cila p\u00ebr Rusin\u00eb nuk ekzistonte si subjekt t\u00eb drejtash politike. Sipas Traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit, gati gjysma e trojeve shqiptare u jepej shteteve sllave ballkanike. Bullgaria do t\u00eb merrte, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 t\u00eb tjerave, krahinat shqiptare t\u00eb Kor\u00e7\u00ebs, t\u00eb Bilishtit, t\u00eb Pogradecit, t\u00eb Strug\u00ebs, t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs, t\u00eb K\u00ebr\u00e7ov\u00ebs, t\u00eb Gostivarit, t\u00eb Tetov\u00ebs, t\u00eb Shkupit, t\u00eb Ka\u00e7anikut etj. Serbia, e cila do t\u00eb shtrihej kryesisht drejt jugper\u00ebndimit, do t\u00eb aneksonte edhe viset veriore e verilindore t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, deri n\u00eb af\u00ebrsi t\u00eb Mitrovic\u00ebs. Mali i Zi, sip\u00ebrfaqja e t\u00eb cilit do t\u00eb rritej m\u00eb tep\u00ebr se tri her\u00eb, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinte brenda kufijve t\u00eb tij gjithashtu nj\u00eb varg krahinash shqiptare, si at\u00eb t\u00eb Ulqinit, t\u00eb Kraj\u00ebs, t\u00eb Anamalit, t\u00eb Hotit, t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs, t\u00eb Tuzit, t\u00eb Kelmendit, t\u00eb Plav\u00ebs, t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Rugov\u00ebs. Pjesa tjet\u00ebr e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb do t\u00eb mbetej n\u00ebn sundimin e Perandoris\u00eb Osmane. Si rrjedhim, me Traktatin e Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit trojet shqiptare do t\u00eb cop\u00ebtoheshin nd\u00ebrmjet kat\u00ebr shteteve t\u00eb huaja. Perandoria Ruse e gjymtonte k\u00ebshtu r\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe e v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsonte n\u00eb kulm luft\u00ebn e popullit shqiptar p\u00ebr krijimin e shtetit komb\u00ebtar.<\/p>\n Zem\u00ebrimin e thell\u00eb q\u00eb shkaktoi n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri Traktati i Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit e rriti m\u00eb tej terrori i ushtrive serbo-malazeze mbi shqiptar\u00ebt e viseve t\u00eb pushtuara prej tyre dhe shp\u00ebrngulja me dhun\u00eb nga k\u00ebto krahina e dhjet\u00ebra mij\u00eb familjeve shqiptare, t\u00eb cilat v\u00ebrshuan si muhaxhir\u00eb n\u00eb krahinat e papushtuara nga ushtrit\u00eb ballkanike. Vet\u00ebm n\u00eb vilajetin e Kosov\u00ebs endeshin rreth 100 mij\u00eb burra, gra e f\u00ebmij\u00eb, t\u00eb shp\u00ebrngulur nga zona e pushtimit serb. Gati 38 mij\u00eb veta t\u00eb d\u00ebbuar nga ushtrit\u00eb ruse e bullgare qen\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb, sipas konsullit anglez Blunt, n\u00eb viset e vilajetit t\u00eb Manastirit. Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb konsullit austro-hungarez Lipih (Lipich), mbi 26 mij\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb, t\u00eb d\u00ebbuar nga zona e pushtimit malazez, ishin vendosur n\u00eb vilajetin e Shkodr\u00ebs. Por numri i shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb shp\u00ebrngulur ishte m\u00eb i madh, po t\u00eb kemi parasysh se jo pak prej tyre m\u00ebrguan n\u00eb vilajetet e Selanikut, t\u00eb Stambollit, t\u00eb Izmirit, t\u00eb Adanas\u00eb e t\u00eb Siris\u00eb.<\/p>\n Zem\u00ebrimi kund\u00ebr Traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit p\u00ebrfshiu t\u00eb gjitha shtresat e popullsis\u00eb shqiptare, q\u00eb nga fshatar\u00ebt e zejtar\u00ebt e deri te qarqet \u00e7ifligare e tregtare. Ky zem\u00ebrim i shqiptar\u00ebve nuk drejtohej vet\u00ebm kund\u00ebr Perandoris\u00eb Ruse dhe aleat\u00ebve t\u00eb saj ballkanik\u00eb, por edhe kund\u00ebr Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, e cila kishte n\u00ebnshkruar nj\u00eb akt t\u00eb till\u00eb, q\u00eb e d\u00ebnonte me vdekje atdheun e tyre. Fakti se asnj\u00eb nga fuqit\u00eb e tjera t\u00eb m\u00ebdha nuk e ngriti z\u00ebrin p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, i bindi p\u00ebrfundimisht shqiptar\u00ebt se ata tashm\u00eb ishin krejt\u00ebsisht vet\u00ebm.<\/p>\n Gjendja e re q\u00eb u krijua nga vendimet e Sh\u00ebn Stefanit dhe nga ngjarjet q\u00eb rrodh\u00ebn m\u00eb pas, n\u00eb mars-prill 1878, kur u duk qart\u00eb se Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha per\u00ebndimore ishin t\u00eb vendosura t\u00eb mbronin me \u00e7do kusht sundimin e Perandoris\u00eb Osmane n\u00eb Ballkan dhe si rrjedhim nuk ishin t\u00eb prirura t\u00eb merrnin parasysh t\u00eb drejtat komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve, Komiteti Qendror i Stambollit arriti n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se si kryengritja e armatosur kund\u00ebrosmane, ashtu edhe k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin m\u00eb si pika kryesore t\u00eb programit t\u00eb tij politik. Tani q\u00eb cop\u00ebtimi i trojeve shqiptare filloi t\u00eb vihej n\u00eb jet\u00eb dhe doli n\u00eb plan t\u00eb par\u00eb detyra e mbrojtjes s\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, kryengritja e armatosur kund\u00ebr Perandoris\u00eb Osmane jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb nuk e zgjidhte \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare, por e nd\u00ebrlikonte edhe m\u00eb keq at\u00eb e fatin e atdheut. N\u00eb rrethana t\u00eb tilla nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, Komiteti Shqiptar i Stambollit adaptoi, p\u00ebr aq koh\u00eb sa do t\u00eb vijonte kjo gjendje e nd\u00ebrlikuar, nj\u00eb platform\u00eb t\u00eb re politike, e cila k\u00ebrkonte mobilizimin e mbar\u00eb vendit p\u00ebr plot\u00ebsimin e dy detyrave kryesore: p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar me luft\u00eb t\u00eb armatosur, n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb komb\u00ebsis\u00eb shqiptare, \u00e7do vendim q\u00eb do t\u00eb merrnin Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, qoft\u00eb edhe me p\u00eblqimin e Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, n\u00eb d\u00ebm t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb territoriale t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe, n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur bashkimin e t\u00eb gjitha trojeve t\u00eb atdheut n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm shqiptar, t\u00eb pajisur me disa t\u00eb drejta autonomiste, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb realizoheshin pa hyr\u00eb n\u00eb konflikt me Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n P\u00ebrmbushja e k\u00ebtyre objektivave b\u00ebnte t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm formimin e nj\u00eb fronti t\u00eb vet\u00ebm politik mbar\u00ebshqiptar dhe pranimin nga ana e k\u00ebtij fronti t\u00eb platform\u00ebs politike t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuar nga Komiteti Komb\u00ebtar i Stambollit.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr krijimin e frontit t\u00eb bashkuar politik, q\u00eb do t\u00eb kishte form\u00ebn e nj\u00eb lidhjeje komb\u00ebtare shqiptare, kishte tashm\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri nj\u00eb truall deri diku t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur edhe nga pik\u00ebpamja organizative. Qysh n\u00eb dhjetor t\u00eb vitit 1877, n\u00eb krahinat periferike t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, kur ato filluan t\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnoheshin nga pushtimi serb e malazez, ishin organizuar bes\u00eblidhje shqiptare krahinore ose, si\u00e7 quheshin n\u00eb disa vise, komisione lokale t\u00eb vet\u00ebmbrojtjes, t\u00eb cilat u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u00eb mobilizonin shqiptar\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb veprim sapo t\u00eb l\u00ebshohej kushtrimi. Traktati i Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit i dha nj\u00eb nxitje t\u00eb fuqishme krijimit t\u00eb bes\u00eblidhjeve t\u00eb reja. Por me evolucionin ekonomik, shoq\u00ebror, politik e kulturor q\u00eb kishte p\u00ebsuar Shqip\u00ebria, gjat\u00eb dekadave t\u00eb fundit, ndryshe nga periudhat e m\u00ebparshme, nd\u00ebrgjegjja e bashk\u00ebsis\u00eb krahinore ishte tejkaluar tanim\u00eb te shqiptar\u00ebt. \u00c7do krahin\u00eb kishte filluar ta ndiente veten si gjymtyr\u00eb e nj\u00eb trupi t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, si pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb atdheu t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. Ky evolucion n\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegjen komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve ishte nj\u00eb faktor i favorsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr veprimtarin\u00eb e Komitetit Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Stambollit, t\u00eb cilit tani i takonte detyra t\u2019i bashkonte bes\u00eblidhjet krahinore n\u00eb nj\u00eb trup t\u00eb vet\u00ebm organizativ dhe me nj\u00eb platform\u00eb t\u00eb vetme politike.<\/p>\n Derisa t\u00eb shkriheshin n\u00eb nj\u00eb organizat\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, p\u00ebrball\u00eb bes\u00eblidhjeve krahinore q\u00ebndronin tri detyra themelore: t\u00eb mobilizonin shtresat e gjera popullore n\u00eb l\u00ebvizjen e madhe t\u00eb protest\u00ebs kund\u00ebr vendimeve t\u00eb padrejta t\u00eb Traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit; t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatiteshin ushtarakisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar me arm\u00eb cop\u00ebtimin e trojeve shqiptare, n\u00eb rast se vendimet e Traktatit do t\u00eb mbeteshin n\u00eb fuqi; t\u00eb kujdeseshin p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb sistemuar rreth 150 mij\u00eb muhaxhir\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb, t\u00eb grumbulluar n\u00eb vilajetet e Kosov\u00ebs, t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs e t\u00eb Manastirit, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kishin mbetur pa buk\u00eb e pa streh\u00eb.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrkaq, n\u00eb prill t\u00eb vitit 1878, opinioni publik shqiptar u informua nga shtypi nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar p\u00ebr kund\u00ebrshtimin q\u00eb kishte gjetur Traktati i Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit n\u00eb fuqit\u00eb e tjera t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, kund\u00ebrshtimin m\u00eb t\u00eb rrept\u00eb ai e pati nga Anglia dhe nga Austro-Hungaria, t\u00eb cilat u shqet\u00ebsuan s\u00eb tep\u00ebrmi nga rritja e shpejt\u00eb e ndikimit t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb n\u00eb Gadishullin Ballkanik n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet Bullgaris\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, me k\u00ebmb\u00ebnguljen e tyre, u vendos q\u00eb kushtet e p\u00ebrcaktuara n\u00eb Traktatin e Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit t\u00eb rishikoheshin nga nj\u00eb kongres i posa\u00e7\u00ebm i Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, i cili, sipas vendimit q\u00eb u mor m\u00eb von\u00eb, do t\u00eb mblidhej n\u00eb Berlin m\u00eb 13 qershor 1878.<\/p>\n Shqiptar\u00ebt ishin t\u00eb bindur se Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, ndon\u00ebse e kund\u00ebrshtuan Traktatin e Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit, p\u00ebrs\u00ebri nuk ishin t\u00eb prirura q\u00eb t\u2019i merrnin parasysh interesat komb\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, pezullimi i tij deri n\u00eb thirrjen e kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit u jepte n\u00eb dor\u00eb patriot\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7mueshme p\u00ebr ta organizuar m\u00eb mir\u00eb q\u00ebndres\u00ebn politike e ushtarake. Por, nga ana tjet\u00ebr, leja q\u00eb kishte k\u00ebrkuar Komiteti i Stambollit p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar nj\u00eb lidhje shqiptare, ndeshi m\u00eb n\u00eb fund n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtimin e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. N\u00eb parim qeveria osmane nuk e shihte me sy t\u00eb keq l\u00ebvizjen e protest\u00ebs s\u00eb popullsive t\u00eb saj kund\u00ebr Traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit, por ajo nuk e pranonte n\u00eb asnj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb kjo l\u00ebvizje t\u00eb zhvillohej e t\u00eb organizohej ashtu si\u00e7 e kuptonte Komiteti i Stambollit, si nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje komb\u00ebtare shqiptare. Porta e Lart\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte q\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt t\u00eb protestonin kund\u00ebr Traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Stefanit si n\u00ebnshtetas mysliman\u00eb, q\u00eb nuk donin t\u00eb shk\u00ebputeshin nga Perandoria Osmane dhe nga sulltani i saj halif. Patriot\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk mund t\u00eb pajtoheshin me k\u00ebto kushte, vendos\u00ebn q\u00eb ta formonin lidhjen shqiptare duke u mb\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb l\u00ebvizjen popullore dhe n\u00eb bes\u00eblidhjet lokale.<\/p>\n Rrymat politike dhe protestat shqiptare<\/strong><\/p>\n Gjat\u00eb pranver\u00ebs s\u00eb vitit 1878, krahas hovit q\u00eb mori l\u00ebvizja e protest\u00ebs kund\u00ebr Traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit, ngadh\u00ebnjeu edhe ideja p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar me arm\u00eb vendimet q\u00eb mund t\u00eb merreshin n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit n\u00eb d\u00ebm t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb shqiptarve. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana, k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar nj\u00eb lidhje t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme u b\u00eb mjaft popullore. Megjithat\u00eb forcat e ndryshme atdhetare t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare nuk e konceptonin nj\u00ebsoj karakterin dhe programin q\u00eb duhej t\u00eb kishte kjo lidhje e p\u00ebrgjithshme.<\/p>\n Qarqet atdhetare shqiptare, t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuara, n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, nga Komiteti Komb\u00ebtar i Stambollit, q\u00eb formuan grupimin ose, si\u00e7 u quajt nga v\u00ebzhguesit e huaj t\u00eb koh\u00ebs, rrym\u00ebn radikale, synonin t\u00eb themelonin nj\u00eb lidhje shqiptare, e cila duhej t\u00eb mobilizonte popullsin\u00eb e vendit n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe ta drejtonte at\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb p\u00ebr ruajtjen e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb atdheut, duke k\u00ebrkuar n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb krijimin e nj\u00eb vilajeti autonom shqiptar ose, po ta lejonin rrethanat nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, t\u00eb nj\u00eb shteti shqiptar autonom. Sipas udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsve t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj rryme, lidhja shqiptare duhej p\u00ebrgatitur p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar, n\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatje me rrethanat q\u00eb do t\u00eb krijoheshin, jo vet\u00ebm kund\u00ebr shteteve shoviniste fqinje, por edhe kund\u00ebr Perandoris\u00eb Osmane. Nj\u00eb grupim ose rrym\u00eb e dyt\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizjen komb\u00ebtare ishte ai i t\u00eb moderuarve, si\u00e7 u cil\u00ebsua po nga bashk\u00ebkoh\u00ebsit, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohej nga personalitete t\u00eb njohura atdhetare, si Ali bej Gucia, Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibra, Abedin pash\u00eb Dinoja, Mahmud pash\u00eb Bi\u00e7aku, Omer pash\u00eb Vrioni , Col Deli Qerimaj , Mic Sokoli etj.<\/p>\n Ashtu si radikal\u00ebt, edhe t\u00eb moderuarit k\u00ebrkonin q\u00eb lidhja e p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb kishte karakter komb\u00ebtar. Ata e pranonin n\u00eb parim edhe iden\u00eb e nj\u00eb vilajeti t\u00eb bashkuar autonom shqiptar, t\u00eb pajisur me nj\u00eb autonomi administrative e kulturore. Por, ndryshe nga element\u00ebt radikal\u00eb t\u00eb Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit, k\u00ebta nuk e shikonin vilajetin e bashkuar shqiptar si nj\u00eb hallk\u00eb, si nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkuar m\u00eb tej drejt nj\u00eb shteti t\u00eb bashkuar e t\u00eb pavarur shqiptar. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, t\u00eb moderuarit nuk ishin gjithashtu t\u00eb prirur p\u00ebr t\u2019iu kund\u00ebrv\u00ebn\u00eb Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. Ata shpresonin se vilajeti shqiptar mund t\u00eb krijohej me p\u00eblqimin e vet\u00eb sulltanit, t\u00eb cilin, besonin se do ta bindnin, pasi, sipas tyre, krijimi i k\u00ebtij vilajeti ishte n\u00eb interesin e vet\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane.<\/p>\n P\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht qarqet e moderuara, duke pasur parasysh rrezikun e jasht\u00ebm, prireshin ta kufizonin l\u00ebvizjen vet\u00ebm me mbrojtjen e territoreve t\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuara, vet\u00ebm me luft\u00ebn kund\u00ebr cop\u00ebtimit t\u00eb vendit. Si rrjedhim, ata e p\u00ebrfytyronin bes\u00eblidhjen shqiptare jo si nj\u00eb front politik komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb veshur me atribute shtet\u00ebrore, por si nj\u00eb federim ose aleanc\u00eb krahinash t\u00eb krijuar vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar bashk\u00ebrisht kund\u00ebr shovinist\u00ebve fqinj\u00eb.<\/p>\n Megjithat\u00eb, nd\u00ebrmjet platform\u00ebs s\u00eb qarqeve radikale dhe platform\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb moderuarve kishte mjaft pika takimi, si\u00e7 qe ajo e karakterit komb\u00ebtar shqiptar t\u00eb lidhjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme dhe pranimi n\u00eb parim i formimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajeti autonom shqiptar. N\u00eb situat\u00ebn dramatike, q\u00eb u krijua n\u00eb pranver\u00ebn e vitit 1878, k\u00ebto pika t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta merrnin r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb dor\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb p\u00ebrball\u00eb pik\u00ebpamjeve t\u00eb ndryshme q\u00eb kishin ato p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn e m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se kur dhe si duhej t\u00eb send\u00ebrtohej ky vilajet, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb zgjidheshin pas formimit t\u00eb lidhjes shqiptare. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana, u arrit bashk\u00ebpunimi i t\u00eb dy rreshtimeve politike p\u00ebr formimin e nj\u00eb lidhjeje shqiptare me karakter komb\u00ebtar, q\u00eb do t\u00eb udh\u00ebhiqte luft\u00ebn e popullit shqiptar kund\u00ebr cop\u00ebtimit territorial t\u00eb atdheut dhe do t\u00eb parashtronte nevoj\u00ebn e bashkimit administrativ t\u00eb mbar\u00eb viseve shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet autonom shqiptar.<\/p>\n Jasht\u00eb k\u00ebtyre dy grupimeve atdhetare, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonin L\u00ebvizjen Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare, n\u00eb jet\u00ebn politike t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb vepronte edhe nj\u00eb rreshtim i tret\u00eb sulltanist, i udh\u00ebhequr nga n\u00ebpun\u00ebsit turkoman\u00eb t\u00eb administrat\u00ebs s\u00eb vilajeteve, nga element\u00eb feudal\u00eb e klerik\u00eb turkoman\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt e identifikonin veten me qarqet sunduese perandorake, anonin plot\u00ebsisht nga vija politike e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb dhe i sh\u00ebrbenin asaj. T\u00eb interesuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar vendimet e Traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit, edhe pasuesit e k\u00ebtij grupimi u bashkuan me l\u00ebvizjen p\u00ebr organizimin e q\u00ebndres\u00ebs s\u00eb armatosur n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet \u201clidhjes\u201d s\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme, e cila duhej t\u00eb vepronte sipas orientimeve t\u00eb sulltanit. Ata nuk ishin p\u00ebr nj\u00eb lidhje shqiptare, por p\u00ebr nj\u00eb lidhje islamike, ku t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha popullsit\u00eb myslimane t\u00eb Gadishullit Ballkanik, pavar\u00ebsisht nga komb\u00ebsia e tyre, nga e cila, logjikisht, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtoheshin shqiptar\u00ebt e krishter\u00eb, si ortodoks\u00eb, edhe katolik\u00eb. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, sulltanist\u00ebt, si\u00e7 u quajt\u00ebn n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, nuk e pranonin as n\u00eb parim iden\u00eb e nj\u00eb vilajeti shqiptar, sepse ky vilajet, sipas tyre, do t\u2019i ndante shqiptar\u00ebt mysliman\u00eb nga \u201cv\u00ebllez\u00ebrit\u201d mysliman\u00eb t\u00eb Gadishullit Ballkanik dhe t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane.<\/p>\n K\u00ebto q\u00ebndrime u kund\u00ebrshtuan nga atdhetar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb, radikal\u00eb e t\u00eb moderuar, q\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb pajtoheshin me platform\u00ebn e qarqeve sulltaniste dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb me iden\u00eb konservatore t\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhjeje islamike, e cila po t\u00eb krijohej do ta shuante emrin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, qarqet sulltaniste nuk kishin ndonj\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje n\u00eb shtresat e gjera t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb shqiptare. Veprimtarin\u00eb e tyre e udh\u00ebhiqnin valinjt\u00eb e kat\u00ebr vilajeteve shqiptare, q\u00eb zbatonin me besnik\u00ebri udh\u00ebzimet e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, ato luanin ende nj\u00eb rol t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb jet\u00ebn politike t\u00eb vendit, pasi kishin n\u00eb dor\u00eb aparatin shtet\u00ebror – administrat\u00ebn, ushtrin\u00eb, xhandarm\u00ebrin\u00eb, financat dhe mjetet e telekomunikacionit q\u00eb lidhnin krahinat me nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebn. E vetmja pik\u00eb q\u00eb dukej sikur i afronte sulltanist\u00ebt me qarqet atdhetare, ishte gatishm\u00ebria e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar me rrug\u00eb jasht\u00ebqeveritare, kund\u00ebr shk\u00ebputjes s\u00eb zot\u00ebrimeve perandorake n\u00eb Ballkan, pra edhe kund\u00ebr shk\u00ebputjes s\u00eb trojeve shqiptare, ndon\u00ebse k\u00ebt\u00eb luft\u00eb ata k\u00ebrkonin ta zhvillonin n\u00ebn flamurin islamik.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr t\u00eb mos shkaktuar n\u00eb at\u00eb \u00e7ast kritik p\u00ebr\u00e7arjen e forcave politike t\u00eb vendit, Komiteti i Stambollit dhe rrethet e tjera atdhetare t\u00eb vendit iu shmang\u00ebn p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht luft\u00ebs s\u00eb hapur kund\u00ebr qarqeve sulltaniste. Madje, duke u kapur pas gatishm\u00ebris\u00eb q\u00eb tregonin k\u00ebto qarqe p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar kund\u00ebr Traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit atdhetar\u00eb mendonin se, me nj\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme sqaruese, do ta t\u00ebrhiqnin mas\u00ebn e tyre n\u00eb platform\u00ebn e lidhjes shqiptare.<\/p>\n Platform\u00ebn e vet politike Komiteti i Stambollit e ngriti gjat\u00eb pranver\u00ebs edhe n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. Qysh n\u00eb muajin mars, kur p\u00ebrmbajtja e Traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit ende nuk ishte shpallur, Pashko Vasa i paraqiti ambasadorit britanik n\u00eb Stamboll nj\u00eb promemorje n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb popullit shqiptar, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn lufta kund\u00ebr cop\u00ebtimit territorial t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb lidhej organikisht me k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb e saj administrative. Shqiptar\u00ebt, shkruante ai, nuk mund t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqen me administrat\u00ebn e kalbur osmane. Ata jan\u00eb t\u00eb bindur se Porta e Lart\u00eb, as nuk d\u00ebshiron dhe as nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u2019u jap\u00eb atyre nj\u00eb administrat\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb se at\u00eb q\u00eb u ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb deri sot. Shqiptar\u00ebt, theksonte patrioti rilind\u00ebs, jan\u00eb t\u00eb vendosur t\u2019i k\u00ebputin t\u00eb gjitha lidhjet q\u00eb i bashkojn\u00eb me Turqin\u00eb dhe nuk duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtohen nga ajo e drejt\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb popujt sllav\u00eb t\u00eb Ballkanit p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar shtete t\u00eb pavarura ose autonome. Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebrfundonte Pashko Vasa, shqiptar\u00ebt k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb nj\u00eb administrat\u00eb autonome q\u00eb t\u2019u p\u00ebrgjigjet m\u00eb shum\u00eb nevojave dhe traditave t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n Nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb veprimtarin\u00eb politike q\u00eb zhvilloi Komiteti i Stambollit gjat\u00eb pranver\u00ebs s\u00eb vitit 1878 z\u00ebn\u00eb shkrimet e Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit, t\u00eb cilat ai i botoi n\u00eb shtypin e huaj, brenda dhe jasht\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane. N\u00eb nj\u00eb artikull t\u00eb botuar n\u00eb muajin prill n\u00eb gazet\u00ebn turke \u201cBasiret\u201d (Stamboll), ai i t\u00ebrhiqte t\u00ebrthorazi v\u00ebmendjen Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mos pranonte asnj\u00eb l\u00ebshim n\u00eb kurriz t\u00eb trojeve t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe t\u2019u njihte shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb drejtat e tyre komb\u00ebtare. Askush, pra, as Perandoria Osmane, shkruante kryetari i Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit, nuk ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u2019u jap\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve tokat q\u00eb u takojn\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve. Duke evokuar luft\u00ebn q\u00eb zhvilluan shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb shek. XV kund\u00ebr Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri u linte t\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptonin qeveritar\u00ebve t\u00eb Stambollit se Shqip\u00ebria ishte gati t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebriste epopen\u00eb e Sk\u00ebnderbeut, n\u00eb rast se nuk do t\u2019i njiheshin t\u00eb drejtat e saj komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n N\u00eb nj\u00eb seri artikujsh t\u00eb botuar gjat\u00eb prillit e majit n\u00eb organin austriak \u201cMessager de Vienne\u201d (\u201cMesazher d\u00eb Vjen\u00eb\u201d), Abdyl Frash\u00ebri argumentonte para opinionit publik evropian t\u00eb drejtat politike q\u00eb i takonin popullit shqiptar, si nj\u00eb nga kombet m\u00eb t\u00eb lashta t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs, me gjuh\u00eb, me territor, me kultur\u00eb, me nd\u00ebrgjegje dhe me histori t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt mij\u00ebravje\u00e7are. Kombi shqiptar, n\u00ebnvizon ai, nuk aspiron asgj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, ve\u00e7se t\u00eb jetoj\u00eb i lir\u00eb, t\u00eb dal\u00eb nga prapambetja dhe t\u00eb z\u00ebr\u00eb vendin q\u00eb meriton n\u00eb radh\u00ebt e kombeve t\u00eb qytet\u00ebruara t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs. N\u00eb rast se Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, theksonte Abdyli, do ta d\u00ebnojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb popull trim e liridash\u00ebs t\u00eb mbetet n\u00eb rob\u00ebri dhe ca m\u00eb keq t\u00eb cop\u00ebtohet nd\u00ebrmjet shteteve fqinje, Gadishulli Ballkanik nuk do t\u00eb ket\u00eb kurr\u00eb qet\u00ebsi, sepse shqiptar\u00ebt nuk do t\u00eb pushojn\u00eb asnj\u00ebher\u00eb s\u00eb luftuari p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre komb\u00ebtare. P\u00ebrkundrazi, n\u00eb rast se shqiptar\u00ebve do t\u2019u njihen t\u00eb drejtat e tyre komb\u00ebtare, Shqip\u00ebria do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet faktor i paqes dhe do t\u00eb kthehet n\u00eb nj\u00eb dig\u00eb kund\u00ebr ekspansionit carist, i cili rrezikon jo vet\u00ebm Gadishullin Ballkanik, por edhe Kontinentin Evropian.<\/p>\n N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit e shtuan veprimtarin\u00eb e tyre politike edhe brenda n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Por k\u00ebtu ata ndesh\u00ebn n\u00eb pengesat e qarqeve sulltaniste, t\u00eb cilat, duke shfryt\u00ebzuar terrorin q\u00eb po ushtronin organet ushtarake serbe-malazeze kund\u00ebr shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb veri dhe provokacionet q\u00eb po kurdisnin agjent\u00ebt shovinist\u00eb grek\u00eb n\u00eb viset shqiptare jugore, p\u00ebrpiqeshin ta v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsonin organizimin e popullit shqiptar n\u00eb shkall\u00eb komb\u00ebtare dhe t\u2019i nxisnin shqiptar\u00ebt q\u00eb t\u00eb hidheshin n\u00eb nj\u00eb luft\u00eb t\u00eb parakohshme e t\u00eb paorganizuar kund\u00ebr shteteve fqinje.<\/p>\n An\u00ebtar\u00ebt e Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit dhe atdhetar\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb i b\u00ebn\u00eb ball\u00eb me sukses, n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e krahinave t\u00eb vendit, k\u00ebtij presioni t\u00eb qarqeve qeveritare e sulltaniste.. Ata arrit\u00ebn t\u00eb shmangnin konfliktet e parakohshme q\u00eb ishin gati t\u00eb shp\u00ebrthenin, sidomos n\u00eb veri, n\u00eb sektorin shqiptaro-malazez. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb rast Komiteti i Stambollit e shpalli edhe nj\u00eb her\u00eb publikisht platform\u00ebn e vet. Me nj\u00eb proklamat\u00eb drejtuar m\u00eb 30 maj 1878 popullit shqiptar dhe, p\u00ebr njoftim, opinionit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, ai shprehte keqardhjen q\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7ast aq kritik p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, vendi po u n\u00ebnshtrohej sulmeve fatkeqe dhe persekutimeve t\u00eb sh\u00ebmtuara nga qeveria malazeze, serbe e greke, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht nga fqinj\u00ebt malazez. Megjithat\u00eb, Komiteti i Stambollit, thuhej n\u00eb proklamat\u00eb, e \u201ckonsideron t\u00eb ngutshme nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndalur nj\u00eb luft\u00eb midis dy popujve (shqiptar\u00ebve dhe malazez\u00ebve – sh\u00ebn. i aut.), t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kan\u00eb pasur mjaft raste ta matin fuqin\u00eb dhe trim\u00ebrin\u00eb e tyre, dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb larguar k\u00ebshtu rreziqe t\u00eb reja p\u00ebr paqen n\u00eb Lindje\u201d. Proklamata p\u00ebrfundonte: \u201cNe d\u00ebshirojm\u00eb nxeht\u00ebsisht t\u00eb jetojm\u00eb n\u00eb paqe me t\u00eb gjith\u00eb fqinj\u00ebt tan\u00eb, Malin e Zi dhe Greqin\u00eb, Serbin\u00eb dhe Bullgarin\u00eb. Ne nuk k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb, nuk d\u00ebshirojm\u00eb asgj\u00eb prej tyre, por jemi krejt\u00ebsisht t\u00eb vendosur t\u00eb mbajm\u00eb me k\u00ebmb\u00ebngulje \u00e7do gj\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb jona. T\u2019u lihet pra shqiptar\u00ebve toka shqiptare!\u201d<\/p>\n Shqet\u00ebsimi q\u00eb pushtoi shqiptar\u00ebt p\u00ebr fatin e atdheut, u shpreh me nj\u00eb lum\u00eb protestash, q\u00eb shp\u00ebrthyen gjat\u00eb muajve prill e maj 1878 nga t\u00eb kat\u00ebr an\u00ebt e vendit kund\u00ebr Traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit. Pothuajse n\u00eb \u00e7do qend\u00ebr kazaje u zhvilluan mbledhje popullore, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat u mor\u00ebn vendime p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar me \u00e7do kusht cop\u00ebtimin e trojeve shqiptare. N\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e rasteve, n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre mbledhjeve u hartuan protesta me shkrim drejtuar Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat shprehej vendosm\u00ebria e shqiptar\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur deri n\u00eb njeriun e fundit \u00e7do p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00eb t\u00eb tok\u00ebs amtare. Funksionar\u00ebt e admnistrat\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebsit e tyre sulltanist\u00eb ushtruan n\u00eb k\u00ebto mbledhje presion t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u2019i detyruar pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit q\u00eb t\u2019i n\u00ebnshkruanin protestat e tyre jo si banor\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb, por si n\u00ebnshtetas islamik\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur me Perandorin\u00eb Osmane. Por k\u00ebto presione nuk dhan\u00eb rezultat. N\u00eb asnj\u00eb nga krahinat shqiptare, pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit e mbledhjeve nuk pranuan ta cil\u00ebsonin veten e tyre si banor\u00eb islamik\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha aktet drejtuar Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha banor\u00ebt mysliman\u00eb dhe t\u00eb krishter\u00eb, protestonin si shqiptar\u00eb, si pjes\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb kombi t\u00eb vet\u00ebm. Madje, n\u00eb shum\u00eb raste, pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit e mbledhjeve popullore hartuan peticione drejtuar Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, me an\u00ebn e t\u00eb cilave k\u00ebrkonin reforma autonomiste p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb.<\/p>\n Themelimi i Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit (10 qershor 1878)<\/strong><\/p>\n Nj\u00eb nga \u00e7\u00ebshtjet kryesore, q\u00eb u shtrua gjat\u00eb pranver\u00ebs s\u00eb vitit 1878, n\u00eb mbledhjet popullore t\u00eb krahinave t\u00eb vendit ishte formimi i lidhjes shqiptare, karakterin komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs e mbrojt\u00ebn si patriot\u00ebt radikal\u00eb, ashtu dhe qarqet e moderuara. Si procedur\u00eb p\u00ebr formimin e saj udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit politik\u00eb vendos\u00ebn t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzonin tradit\u00ebn e lasht\u00eb shqiptare. Sipas k\u00ebsaj tradite, sa her\u00eb q\u00eb vendin e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnonte rreziku i jasht\u00ebm, secila krahin\u00eb th\u00ebrriste kuvendin e vet krahinor dhe pastaj p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e tyre mblidheshin n\u00eb nj\u00eb kuvend t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm, i cili formonte, sipas rastit, bes\u00eblidhjen nd\u00ebrkrahinore ose lidhjen e p\u00ebrgjithshme. Ekzistenca, n\u00eb pranver\u00ebn e vitit 1878, e bes\u00eblidhjeve lokale ose e komisioneve t\u00eb vet\u00ebmbrojtjes, e leht\u00ebsonte pun\u00ebn e udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsve politik\u00eb. Duhej vet\u00ebm thirrja e kuvendit t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm dhe organizimi me sukses i punimeve t\u00eb tij.<\/p>\n Nism\u00ebn p\u00ebr thirrjen e Kuvendit t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm e mori Komiteti i Stambollit. Por, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos shkaktuar reagimin e hapur t\u00eb organeve qeveritare osmane, Komiteti i Stambollit vepronte, si edhe m\u00eb par\u00eb, n\u00eb rrethanat e fsheht\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb plot\u00eb. Si vend p\u00ebr mbledhjen e Kuvendit u caktua Prizreni, qyteti kryesor i Kosov\u00ebs dhe nj\u00eb nga m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjt\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, q\u00eb ndodhej n\u00eb af\u00ebrsi t\u00eb krahinave, ku do t\u00eb zhvillohej q\u00ebndresa e armatosur e Lidhjes p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb atdheut. Me organizimin e drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb t\u00eb veprimeve p\u00ebr thirrjen e Kuvendit u ngarkua nj\u00eb Komision i posa\u00e7\u00ebm, shumica e an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb t\u00eb cilit ishin nga Prizreni e Gjakova. Nd\u00ebrmjet tyre njihen Ymer Prizreni dhe Ahmet Koronica, nd\u00ebrsa thirrjen p\u00ebr mbledhjen e Kuvendit e l\u00ebshoi qysh n\u00eb fund t\u00eb prillit nj\u00eb nga p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit m\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebnuar t\u00eb qarqeve atdhetare t\u00eb moderuara, Ali bej Gucia (m\u00eb von\u00eb: Ali pash\u00eb Gucia), pronar i madh tokash dhe kund\u00ebrshtar i vjet\u00ebr i Tanzimatit e i Traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit. L\u00ebvizja p\u00ebr thirrjen e Kuvendit Komb\u00ebtar u gjall\u00ebrua n\u00eb kulm gjat\u00eb gjysm\u00ebs s\u00eb dyt\u00eb t\u00eb majit. Sapo u p\u00ebrhap lajmi se Kongresi i Berlinit do t\u00eb mblidhej m\u00eb 13 qershor 1878, n\u00eb viset e t\u00eb kat\u00ebr vilajeteve u zhvilluan mbledhje p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjedhur delegat\u00ebt q\u00eb do t\u00eb niseshin p\u00ebr n\u00eb Prizren. Nga viset shqiptare t\u00eb vilajetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, t\u00eb Manastirit dhe t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs, nuk u caktua si delegat p\u00ebr n\u00eb Prizren asnj\u00eb nga element\u00ebt sulltanist\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, ulemat\u00eb dhe funksionar\u00ebt osman\u00eb, duke p\u00ebrdorur mjete nga m\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshmet, b\u00ebn\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb ato kaza, ku banonin n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrzier popullsi myslimane shqiptare, boshnjake, turke dhe pomake (bullgar\u00eb t\u00eb islamizuar), t\u00eb caktoheshin si delegat\u00eb edhe mjaft pashallar\u00eb e bejler\u00eb sulltanist\u00eb.<\/p>\n E shqet\u00ebsuar nga zhvillimi i L\u00ebvizjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare, Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk e la fatin e politik\u00ebs s\u00eb saj n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri vet\u00ebm n\u00eb duart e autoriteteve shtet\u00ebrore t\u00eb vilajeteve, por nd\u00ebrhyri edhe vet\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshuar rrjedh\u00ebn e ngjarjeve. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim ajo thirri n\u00eb Stamboll, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb majit, personalitetet m\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebgjuara t\u00eb jet\u00ebs politike shqiptare, si Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibr\u00ebn, Ali bej Gucin\u00eb, Abdyl Frash\u00ebrin, Ymer Prizrenin, Ahmet Koronic\u00ebn, Zija Prishtin\u00ebn, Mustafa pash\u00eb Vlor\u00ebn, sheh Mustafa Tetov\u00ebn, Vejsel bej Dinon dhe disa dhjet\u00ebra t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, ndaj t\u00eb cil\u00ebve ushtroi p\u00ebr disa dit\u00eb me radh\u00eb nj\u00eb trysni t\u00eb fort\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i detyruar q\u00eb t\u2019i jepnin bes\u00eblidhjes karakterin e nj\u00eb organizate islamike ballkanike. Personalitetet shqiptare, q\u00eb i rezistuan presionit t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb osmane, Porta u p\u00ebrpoq t\u2019i mbante n\u00eb Stamboll me pretekste t\u00eb ndryshme, p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar pjes\u00ebmarrjen e tyre n\u00eb Kuvendin Komb\u00ebtar. Por ata u nis\u00ebn p\u00ebr n\u00eb Prizren pa lejen e saj. Prizreni kishte marr\u00eb n\u00eb ato dit\u00eb t\u00eb para t\u00eb qershorit nj\u00eb pamje festive. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 banor\u00ebve t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm qarkullonin n\u00eb qytet mij\u00ebra mysafir\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb veshur me rrobat e krahinave t\u00eb tyre dhe t\u00eb armatosur.<\/p>\n Kuvendi Komb\u00ebtar u hap m\u00eb 10 qershor 1878. Por at\u00eb dit\u00eb n\u00eb Prizren nuk kishin arritur t\u00eb gjith\u00eb delegat\u00ebt e krahinave shqiptare. Mungonin delegat\u00ebt e vilajetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, nisjen e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve e kishin penguar intrigat e valiut turk, Hysen Pash\u00ebs. Po ashtu, nga vilajeti i Janin\u00ebs arrit\u00ebn vet\u00ebm dy delegat\u00eb (nj\u00ebri nga t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ishte Abdyl Frash\u00ebri), pasi t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt ishin ende n\u00eb udh\u00ebtim. Nga t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e derisotme dokumentare nuk ka qen\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohet lista e plot\u00eb e delegat\u00ebve, as numri i sakt\u00eb i atyre q\u00eb u ndodh\u00ebn t\u00eb pranish\u00ebm n\u00eb dit\u00ebn e hapjes s\u00eb Kuvendit t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Lidhjes. Njihen m\u00eb se 110 emra, shumica e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve vinin nga vilajeti i Kosov\u00ebs. Ishin k\u00ebta p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb shtresave t\u00eb ndryshme shoq\u00ebrore, \u00e7ifligar\u00eb e agallar\u00eb, tregtar\u00eb e zejtar\u00eb, klerik\u00eb e n\u00ebpun\u00ebs, bajraktar\u00eb e mal\u00ebsor\u00eb. Kishte personalitete t\u00eb shquara politike t\u00eb s\u00eb kaluar\u00ebs, por edhe emra t\u00eb rinj q\u00eb po hynin n\u00eb jet\u00ebn politike t\u00eb vendit, figura q\u00eb kishin marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb kryengritjet kund\u00ebr Tanzimatit ose q\u00eb kishin luftuar prej koh\u00ebsh kund\u00ebr ushtrive t\u00eb monarkive fqinje ballkanike. Nd\u00ebr figurat m\u00eb t\u00eb shquara q\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb Kuvendin e P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm njihen: Ali bej Gucia, Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibra, Hasan pash\u00eb Tetova, Ymer Prizreni (kryetar i komisionit organizator t\u00eb Kuvendit), Abdullah pash\u00eb Dreni, Ahmet Koronica, Shaban bej Prizreni, Zija bej Prishtina, Jashar bej Shkupi, Shaban bej Peja, Filip Doda, Sulejman Vokshi, Shuajip Spahiu, Ali Ibra (Neza), Abdyl Frash\u00ebri etj. N\u00eb Prizren kishin ardhur gjithashtu delegat\u00eb disa feudal\u00eb sllav\u00eb e sulltanist\u00eb nga viset e Bosnj\u00eb-Hercegovin\u00ebs. Kuvendi i Prizrenit i filloi punimet n\u00eb dit\u00ebn e caktuar, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb k\u00ebrkesat shqiptare t\u2019u paraqiteshin Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha para se t\u00eb mblidhej Kongresi i Berlinit (13 qershor 1878). Kuvendi i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i zhvilloi punimet n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga sallat e medreses\u00eb s\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar n\u00eb shek. XVII nga Mehmet Pasha; kjo nd\u00ebrtes\u00eb ndodhet pran\u00eb xhamis\u00eb ose Bajrak-Xhamis\u00eb, si\u00e7 quhej nga qytetar\u00ebt prizrenas. Kryetar i Kuvendit u zgjodh delegati m\u00eb i moshuar, Iljaz Pash\u00eb Dibra.<\/p>\n Delegat\u00ebt q\u00eb mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb n\u00eb Kuvendin e P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm kishin p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen kryesore t\u00eb dit\u00ebs nj\u00eb unitet t\u00eb plot\u00eb mendimi; t\u00eb gjith\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb vendosur p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar me \u00e7do kusht cop\u00ebtimin e trojeve shqiptare, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Mendim t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb shpreh\u00ebn delegat\u00ebt q\u00eb u takonin qarqeve atdhetare edhe p\u00ebr karakterin dhe programin politik t\u00eb organizat\u00ebs, q\u00eb do t\u00eb themelonte Kuvendi. Ata k\u00ebrkuan me k\u00ebmb\u00ebngulje q\u00eb Kuvendi, ashtu si\u00e7 ishte parashikuar prej tyre, t\u00eb formonte nj\u00eb Lidhje Shqiptare me karakter komb\u00ebtar. Ndryshe nga k\u00ebta, delegat\u00ebt, q\u00eb i takonin krahut sulltanist, u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn q\u00eb organizata q\u00eb do t\u00eb themelohej t\u00eb kishte nj\u00eb karakter islamik e jo komb\u00ebtar shqiptar dhe t\u2019ia n\u00ebnshtronin at\u00eb interesave t\u00eb Stambollit. N\u00eb dit\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb punimeve n\u00eb Kuvend fol\u00ebn delegat\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha grupimeve politike. Nga fjalimet q\u00eb u mbajt\u00ebn n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb dit\u00eb ruhet vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb fragment i fjal\u00ebs s\u00eb Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit, kryetar i Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit dhe delegat i Tosk\u00ebris\u00eb (i vilajetit t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs). Duke mbrojtur platform\u00ebn atdhetare t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare, ai i ftoi t\u00eb gjitha krahinat shqiptare q\u00eb t\u00eb bashkoheshin si nj\u00eb trup i vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur mbar\u00eb atdheun nga rreziku i asgj\u00ebsimit. Abdyli nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera tha: \u201cQ\u00ebllimi i Kuvendit \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019ua presim hovin armiqve t\u00eb pashpirt, duke lidhur bes\u00ebn shqiptare dhe duke u betuar q\u00eb t\u2019i mbrojm\u00eb me gjak trojet q\u00eb na kan\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb gjysh\u00ebrit dhe st\u00ebrgjysh\u00ebrit tan\u00eb\u201d. Fjalimi i Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit la p\u00ebrshtypje brenda dhe jasht\u00eb sall\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Delegat\u00ebve t\u00eb grupimit atdhetar, iu desh t\u00eb p\u00ebrballeshin n\u00eb Kuvend si me qendrimet e d\u00ebmshme t\u00eb qarqeve sulltaniste, ashtu edhe me trysnin\u00eb e autoriteve qeveritare osmane, t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuara nga mytesarifi turk i Prizrenit, Qamil Beu, q\u00eb ishte i pranish\u00ebn n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb tubim. T\u00eb dyja k\u00ebto forca u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u00eb pengonin bashkimin e shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhje komb\u00ebtare. Megjithat\u00eb, Kuvendi i Prizrenit e p\u00ebrmbushi misionin e tij historik komb\u00ebtar. Akti m\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm i tij ishte vendimi p\u00ebr themelimin e nj\u00eb organizate me karakter politik e ushtarak, t\u00eb nj\u00eb Lidhjeje (Ittifaku), me nj\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb vetme drejtuese dhe me deg\u00eb t\u00eb saj n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha krahinat e vendit, e cila do t\u00eb merrte p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr detyr\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb mbronte me \u00e7do mjet interesat e vendit.<\/p>\n Po at\u00eb dit\u00eb Kuvendi Komb\u00ebtar miratoi tekstin e nj\u00eb proteste, drejtuar Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit, me an\u00ebn e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs ngrihej z\u00ebri kund\u00ebr shk\u00ebputjes s\u00eb krahinave shqiptare n\u00eb favor t\u00eb shteteve fqinje. Sipas tradit\u00ebs, s\u00eb bashku me formimin e Lidhjes, u shpall edhe nj\u00eb bes\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithshme, n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs duhej t\u00eb pushonin menj\u00ebher\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha veprimet e gjakmarrjes nd\u00ebrmjet banor\u00ebve t\u00eb krahinave q\u00eb ishin p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuar n\u00eb Kuvendin e Prizrenit.<\/p>\n Vendimi i Kuvendit t\u00eb Prizrenit p\u00ebr themelimin e Lidhjes ishte nj\u00eb fitore e madhe e L\u00ebvizjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare, pasi me an\u00ebn e tij iu dha goditja e par\u00eb dhe e fuqishme p\u00ebrpjekjeve t\u00eb Stambollit p\u00ebr ta veshur Lidhjen me karakter islamik dhe u hodh\u00ebn themelet e nj\u00eb organizate komb\u00ebtare shqiptare, e cila, qysh n\u00eb dit\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb saj, pati nj\u00eb karakter atdhetar.<\/p>\n Menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas themelimit t\u00eb Lidhjes u formuan organet e saj t\u00eb larta. N\u00eb krye t\u00eb Lidhjes q\u00ebndronte K\u00ebshilli i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm me funksione legjislative dhe me seli n\u00eb Prizren, nga i cili do t\u00eb vareshin deg\u00ebt krahinore. Kryetar i tij u zgjodh Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibra. P\u00ebr t\u00eb ushtruar funksionet ekzekutive u formua Komiteti Qendror i Lidhjes Shqiptare, i p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga tri komisione, secili me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb: komisioni i pun\u00ebve t\u00eb jashtme (Abdyl Frash\u00ebri), komisioni i pun\u00ebve t\u00eb brendshme (Haxhi Shabani) dhe komisioni i t\u00eb ardhurave financiare (Sulejman Vokshi).<\/p>\n Krijimi i organeve t\u00eb larta t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit dhe pajisja e tyre me funksione pushtetore ishin nj\u00eb fitore tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb korr\u00ebn forcat atdhetare, pasi me an\u00ebn e tyre u hodh\u00ebn themelet p\u00ebr krijimin n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri t\u00eb nj\u00eb pushteti t\u00eb ve\u00e7uar nga ai i Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. Kjo fitore u p\u00ebrforcua me caktimin n\u00eb krye t\u00eb organeve t\u00eb larta t\u00eb personaliteteve q\u00eb militonin n\u00eb Komitetin e Stambollit (Abdyl Frash\u00ebri e Sulejman Vokshi), ose q\u00eb u takonin qarqeve t\u00eb moderuara (Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibra e Haxhi Shaban Prizreni). P\u00ebr fitoren e plot\u00eb t\u00eb krahut patriotik nuk mbetej tjet\u00ebr hap, ve\u00e7se pajisja e bes\u00eblidhjes me nj\u00eb statut ose kanun, si\u00e7 quhej n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar mbi platform\u00ebn rilind\u00ebse.<\/p>\n Kanuni dhe Urdh\u00ebresa (17 qershor 1878)<\/strong><\/p>\n Aktet e para t\u00eb Kuvendit t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm ishin: nj\u00eb peticion p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare, d\u00ebrguar Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit, nj\u00eb peticion, d\u00ebrguar Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, Kararnameja (Akti i Vendimeve-Kanuni) dhe Talimati (Urdh\u00ebresa). T\u00eb dyja peticionet u miratuan m\u00eb 15 qershor 1878. Ato u pajis\u00ebn me n\u00ebnshkrimet e disa mij\u00ebra p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesve t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb shqiptare n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha krahinat e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Me an\u00ebn e tyre k\u00ebrkohej nga Kongresi i Berlinit dhe nga qeveria turke q\u00eb t\u00eb mos i jepnin shteteve t\u00eb huaja asnj\u00eb p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00eb tok\u00eb nga atdheu i tyre. Edhe n\u00eb k\u00ebto dokumente t\u00eb Kuvendit t\u00eb Lidhjes shprehej vendosm\u00ebria e p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesve shqiptar\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar deri te njeriu i fundit p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar \u00e7do vendim q\u00eb do t\u00eb cenonte t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb territoriale t\u00eb atdheut. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, n\u00eb peticionin q\u00eb iu d\u00ebrgua Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, parashtrohej edhe k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr t\u00eb bashkuar t\u00eb gjitha trojet shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm shqiptar ose, si\u00e7 thuhet n\u00eb peticion, n\u00eb nj\u00eb \u201cvilajet t\u00eb bashkuar\u201d (Tevhidi vilajet) me nj\u00eb \u201ckuvend t\u00eb bashkuar\u201d n\u00eb krye dhe me administrat\u00eb, buxhet e ushtri t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, pra t\u00eb pajisur me autonomi administrative e kulturore. Por ky program i autonomis\u00eb (krijimi i vilajetit t\u00eb bashkuar me autonomi administrative) nuk u p\u00ebrfshi n\u00eb t\u00eb dy dokumentet e tjera q\u00eb u miratuan nga Kuvendi, m\u00eb 17 qershor 1878, n\u00eb Kararnamen\u00eb dhe n\u00eb Talimatin. Kjo shpjegohet me ndikimin e qarqeve konservatore n\u00eb punimet e vendimet e Kuvendit, t\u00eb cilat nuk ishin t\u00eb interesuara p\u00ebr ndryshime t\u00eb raporteve t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb me Perandorin\u00eb Osmane. Ndikimi i k\u00ebtyre qarqeve, me t\u00eb cilat qen\u00eb bashkuar edhe delegat\u00ebt boshnjak\u00eb, u forcua, p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht, n\u00eb krahasim me at\u00eb t\u00eb grupimit t\u00eb delegat\u00ebve autonomist\u00eb kosovar\u00eb, edhe p\u00ebr shkak se n\u00eb Kuvendin e P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm nuk kishin arritur ende delegat\u00ebt e krahinave t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, sidomos ata t\u00eb vilajeteve t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs e t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ishin t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebs t\u00eb autonomis\u00eb. Por, ve\u00e7 k\u00ebtij faktori, n\u00eb munges\u00ebn e k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs n\u00eb Kararname t\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajeti t\u00eb bashkuar shqiptar, me autonomi administrative, ndikoi edhe rreziku i jasht\u00ebm, ai i cop\u00ebtimit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, q\u00eb nxirrte n\u00eb plan t\u00eb par\u00eb dhe si detyr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ngutshme mbrojtjen e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb trojeve shqiptare. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana, qarqet konservatore, t\u00eb nxitura edhe nga qeveritar\u00ebt osman\u00eb, u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u2019i impononin Kuvendit t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm nj\u00eb platform\u00eb me ndikime sulltaniste dhe islamike. Por k\u00ebto orvatje d\u00ebshtuan, sepse ndesh\u00ebn n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtimin e rrept\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesve t\u00eb vij\u00ebs patriotike t\u00eb Kuvendit. Kanuni i Lidhjes, me emrin Kararname (Akti i Vendimeve) sanksionoi formimin e Lidhjes si organizat\u00eb politike shqiptare dhe p\u00ebrcaktoi detyrat e saj m\u00eb t\u00eb ngutshme. Megjith\u00ebse ky dokument nuk iu shmang dot disa formulimeve kontradiktore, me k\u00ebmb\u00ebnguljen e delegat\u00ebve atdhetar\u00eb aty u p\u00ebrfshin\u00eb dispozita t\u00eb t\u00ebra, q\u00eb i sh\u00ebrbenin L\u00ebvizjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare dhe q\u00eb binin ndesh me interesat e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. K\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb nenin 1 thuhej se q\u00ebllimi i Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit ishte t\u00eb mbronte t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn Lidhja n\u00ebnkuptonte edhe mbrojtjen e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, kurse n\u00eb nenin 6 shpallej n\u00eb form\u00eb edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb prer\u00eb, se Lidhja do t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtonte vet\u00ebm l\u00ebshimet tok\u00ebsore n\u00eb favor t\u00eb Bullgaris\u00eb, t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi (pra, jo kund\u00ebr tokave q\u00eb do t\u00eb merrte Rusia dhe Austro-Hungaria), q\u00eb do t\u00eb thoshte se ajo do t\u00eb luftonte vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb trojeve shqiptare. E v\u00ebshtruar nga kjo pik\u00ebpamje, Kararnameja i p\u00ebrgjigjej detyr\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb e kryesore q\u00eb q\u00ebndronte para Lidhjes dhe L\u00ebvizjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare: lufta p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb territoriale t\u00eb atdheut, t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Po ashtu, ajo shprehte synimet vet\u00ebqeveris\u00ebse t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve. Nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb thuhej se Lidhja e Prizrenit do ta shihte si armik \u00e7do njeri q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqej t\u00eb dob\u00ebsonte autoritetin e qeveris\u00eb osmane (neni 2), nd\u00ebrsa nga ana tjet\u00ebr, ajo e vishte veten dhe komitetet e saj me funksione pushtetore t\u00eb ve\u00e7uara nga ato t\u00eb Stambollit (neni 14), t\u00eb cilat e dob\u00ebsonin autoritetin e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Lidhja trajtohej n\u00eb Kararname si nj\u00eb institucion politik, me nj\u00eb personalitet juridik t\u00eb pavarur nga Porta e Lart\u00eb. Qeveria e Stambollit, thuhej n\u00eb nenin 14 t\u00eb saj, \u201cnuk do t\u00eb p\u00ebrzihet n\u00eb asnj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjet e Lidhjes\u201d. Por ajo q\u00eb e theksonte m\u00eb shum\u00eb karakterin e saj t\u00eb pavarur ishte e drejta q\u00eb fitoi Lidhja me an\u00ebn e Kararnames\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ngritur n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb forca t\u00eb armatosura, t\u00eb ve\u00e7uara nga ushtria perandorake osmane, dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb kund\u00ebr fuqive t\u00eb huaja, pavar\u00ebsisht nga q\u00ebndrimi i Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. Lidhja merrte p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr edhe disa prerogativa n\u00eb fush\u00ebn administrative e gjyq\u00ebsore. T\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb se referimi n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb rast te feja islame ose p\u00ebrfshirja n\u00eb t\u00eb e shprehjes s\u00eb besnik\u00ebris\u00eb ndaj Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, nuk p\u00ebrcaktonin karakterin e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb Kararnames\u00eb, nuk cenonin p\u00ebrmbajtjen e saj themelore, q\u00eb i p\u00ebrgjigjej synimeve t\u00eb L\u00ebvizjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare n\u00eb at\u00eb periudh\u00eb. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, ky nuk ishte programi p\u00ebrfundimtar i Lidhjes, i cili do t\u00eb miratohej n\u00eb nj\u00eb mbledhje m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb Kuvendit, ku t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e t\u00eb gjitha krahinave t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00eb dokumentin tjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb Kuvendi i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm miratoi po at\u00eb dit\u00eb (m\u00eb 17 qershor 1878), i cili u quajt Talimat (Urdh\u00ebres\u00eb), trajtoheshin aspektet organizative, politike e ushtarake t\u00eb Lidhjes. Urdh\u00ebresa, ndryshe nga Akti i Vendimeve, ishte e zhveshur nga \u00e7do referim te feja islame, si dhe nga deklarata e besnik\u00ebris\u00eb ndaj Perandoris\u00eb Osmane. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, funksionet pushtetore t\u00eb Lidhjes k\u00ebtu ishin m\u00eb t\u00eb theksuara. N\u00eb Urdh\u00ebres\u00eb flitej haptas se Lidhja do t\u00eb formonte nj\u00eb administrat\u00eb qendrore me seli n\u00eb Prizren, t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb \u00e7do sanxhaku, nga e cila do t\u00eb vareshin administratat lokale t\u00eb kazave. Krahas k\u00ebsaj administrate t\u00eb ve\u00e7uar do t\u00eb krijohej edhe nj\u00eb ushtri e shk\u00ebputur nga ajo e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, e cila do t\u00eb varej drejtp\u00ebrdrejt nga Lidhja. N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet Kararnames\u00eb, delegat\u00ebt e Kuvendit t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm shpall\u00ebn Prizrenin si kryeqytetin e Lidhjes. Lidhja vendosi t\u00eb ngrinte nj\u00eb ushtri t\u00eb rregullt, t\u00eb disiplinuar dhe t\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegjshme, t\u00eb aft\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur atdheun. N\u00eb Talimat p\u00ebrfshihej edhe nj\u00eb shtojc\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbante nj\u00eb varg masash konkrete p\u00ebr dislokimin e menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm t\u00eb forcave t\u00eb armatosura t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit n\u00eb pikat kryesore strategjike, si n\u00eb Guci, n\u00eb Rugov\u00eb, n\u00eb Kolashin, n\u00eb Prepol, n\u00eb Senic\u00eb, n\u00eb Tashllixhe, n\u00eb Mitrovic\u00eb, n\u00eb Gjilan, n\u00eb Palank\u00eb, n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr e gjetk\u00eb. Prej k\u00ebtej ato do t\u00eb mbronin viset shqiptare, n\u00ebse Kongresi i Berlinit do t\u2019ua jepte Serbis\u00eb, Bullgaris\u00eb e Malit t\u00eb Zi. Sipas Talimatit, Kuvendi Komb\u00ebtar parashihte t\u00eb ngrinte, n\u00eb rast nevoje, nj\u00eb ushtri komb\u00ebtare prej 190 mij\u00eb vetash. Lajmi i formimit t\u00eb Lidhjes n\u00eb Prizren u p\u00ebrhap menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri dhe pati jehon\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb kat\u00ebr an\u00ebt e vendit. Kudo filloi nj\u00eb diskutim i zjarrt\u00eb rreth vendimeve t\u00eb Kuvendit t\u00eb Prizrenit. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb rast atdhetar\u00ebt p\u00ebrparimtar\u00eb k\u00ebrkuan q\u00eb t\u00eb mblidhej p\u00ebrs\u00ebri Kuvendi i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e krahinave shqiptare t\u00eb t\u00eb kat\u00ebr vilajeteve. N\u00eb protestat, q\u00eb popullsia e krahinave t\u00eb ndryshme i drejtoi gjat\u00eb atyre dit\u00ebve Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit, mbahej nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrim krejt i ndrysh\u00ebm ndaj Stambollit, nga ai i krahut sulltanist. \u201cAshtu sikurse nuk jemi dhe nuk duam t\u00eb jemi turq, po ashtu do t\u00eb luftojm\u00eb me t\u00eb gjitha forcat tona kund\u00ebr cilitdo q\u00eb do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte t\u00eb na b\u00ebnte sllav\u00eb, austriak\u00eb ose grek\u00eb\u201d, thuhej nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb nj\u00eb memorandum drejtuar, m\u00eb 13 qershor 1878, kryeministrit britanik, lordit Bikonsfild (Beaconsfield), n\u00ebnshkruar nga rreth 500 qytetar\u00eb shkodran\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt k\u00ebrkonin respektimin e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe formimin e nj\u00eb shteti shqiptar t\u00eb pavarur. Me telegramet q\u00eb i drejtonin Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit n\u00eb dit\u00ebt e m\u00ebpasme, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e kazave shqiptare t\u00eb vilajeteve t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs, t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs e t\u00eb Manastirit k\u00ebrkonin gjithashtu, si shqiptar\u00eb, respektimin e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb atdheut t\u00eb tyre, t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. T\u00eb tilla k\u00ebrkesa iu paraqit\u00ebn areopagut nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar edhe nga shqiptar\u00ebt e m\u00ebrguar jasht\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, madje edhe nga grupe shqiptar\u00ebsh q\u00eb ndodheshin n\u00eb Stamboll. N\u00eb nj\u00eb memorandum, drejtuar m\u00eb 20 qershor 1878 ministrave t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebm t\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha nga nj\u00eb grup personalitetesh shqiptare q\u00eb banonin n\u00eb kryeqytetin e Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, midis t\u00eb cil\u00ebve b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb edhe disa an\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit (Pashko Vasa, Sami Frash\u00ebri, Ali Danish Prishtina, Sermedi Seid Toptani dhe Abedin bej Dino), pasi protestohej n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb popullit shqiptar kund\u00ebr cop\u00ebtimit territorial t\u00eb atdheut, shtrohej k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb nj\u00eb rregullim t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb administrativ, sipas nj\u00eb projekti t\u00eb hartuar prej nj\u00eb komisioni t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga shqiptar\u00eb dhe t\u00eb miratuar nga Porta e Lart\u00eb. Paralelisht me rritjen e l\u00ebvizjes masive n\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb platform\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare, p\u00ebrfunduan edhe p\u00ebrgatitjet p\u00ebr mbledhjen e Kuvendit t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb qershorit n\u00eb Prizren arrit\u00ebn delegat\u00ebt e pothuajse t\u00eb gjitha krahinave shqiptare. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb u kthye nga Berlini edhe delegacioni shqiptar, i kryesuar nga Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, q\u00eb kishte shkuar atje p\u00ebr t\u2019u paraqitur Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha t\u00eb mbledhura n\u00eb Kongres, Peticionin me k\u00ebrkesat e Kuvendit t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit. Shumica d\u00ebrrmuese e delegat\u00ebve ishte edhe m\u00eb e vendosur p\u00ebr ta mbrojtur deri n\u00eb fund programin politik komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Lidhjes. Madje disa delegat\u00eb, si p\u00ebr shembull ata t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, kishin porosi nga popullsia e tyre q\u00eb \u201ct\u00eb mos pranonin asgj\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb interpretohej si forcim i frym\u00ebs islamike\u201d dhe \u201cpo t\u00eb vinin re se Lidhja po i shmangej rrug\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn thjesht fetare, t\u00eb largoheshin prej saj\u201d. Kuvendi i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm u mblodh n\u00eb Prizren m\u00eb 1 korrik 1878. Nga 300 delegat\u00ebt q\u00eb, sipas disa d\u00ebshmive, kishin ardhur n\u00eb Prizren, njihen t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 140 emra, nga t\u00eb cil\u00ebt 96 nga Kosova, 26 nga Shkodra dhe 20 nga vilajeti i Janin\u00ebs. Pas dy dit\u00eb diskutimesh Kuvendi i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm miratoi, m\u00eb 2 korrik 1878, nj\u00eb Rezolut\u00eb ose Kanun t\u00eb ri p\u00ebr Lidhjen e Prizrenit, me t\u00eb cilin u b\u00ebn\u00eb hapa t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimin e m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb programit t\u00eb Lidhjes. Kanuni i ri e shpalli bot\u00ebrisht organizat\u00ebn e formuar n\u00eb Prizren si Lidhje Shqiptare dhe organin e saj qendror e quajti Komitet Komb\u00ebtar. Statuti i ri ishte pastruar nga ndonj\u00eb formulim me karakter fetar islamik dhe nga ideja e besnik\u00ebris\u00eb ndaj Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, q\u00eb kishin pasur vend n\u00eb Kararname. N\u00eb tekstin e Kanunit thuhej shprehimisht se Lidhja do t\u00eb luftonte p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe se veprimtarin\u00eb e saj do ta shtrinte vet\u00ebm n\u00eb trojet shqiptare. Ai i jepte t\u00eb drejt\u00eb Komitetit Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb formonte n\u00ebnkomitete t\u00eb Lidhjes n\u00eb qendrat e sanxhak\u00ebve t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, t\u00eb organizonte nj\u00eb ushtri t\u00eb armatosur p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur trojet shqiptare, t\u00eb shpallte mobilizimin ushtarak t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb burrave t\u00eb aft\u00eb p\u00ebr arm\u00eb, t\u00eb vilte, p\u00ebr nevojat e veta buxhetore, nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb taksash t\u00eb ndryshme dhe t\u00eb jepte d\u00ebnime penale kund\u00ebr dezertor\u00ebve nga Lidhja Shqiptare. Kuvendi mori edhe masat e nevojshme p\u00ebr an\u00ebt organizative t\u00eb Lidhjes. N\u00eb nj\u00eb mbledhje t\u00eb fsheht\u00eb, q\u00eb u zhvillua nat\u00ebn n\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e atdhetarit prizrenas Shuaip Spahiu, u zgjodh\u00ebn an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm, q\u00eb vishej me funksione legjislative dhe, t\u00eb Komitetit Komb\u00ebtar, q\u00eb do t\u00eb ushtronte funksione ekzekutive. N\u00eb K\u00ebshillin e P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm u zgjodh\u00ebn 56 an\u00ebtar\u00eb nga krahinat shqiptare t\u00eb t\u00eb kat\u00ebr vilajeteve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ishin nga t\u00eb gjitha besimet fetare dhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonin forcat atdhetare t\u00eb vendit. Midis tyre ishin: Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibra, Ali pash\u00eb Gucia, Sheh Mustafa Tetova, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, Ymer Prizreni, Sulejman Vokshi, Haxhi Zeka, Ahmet Koronica, Haxhi Shabani, Binak Alia, Ali pash\u00eb Draga, Ali bej Tirana, Qazim bej Gjirokastra etj. Si kryetar i K\u00ebshillit mbeti p\u00ebrs\u00ebri Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibra. Tri komisionet e Komitetit, t\u00eb pajisura me funksione dikasteriale, mbet\u00ebn si\u00e7 ishin, n\u00ebn kryesin\u00eb e Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit, t\u00eb Haxhi Shabanit e t\u00eb Sulejman Vokshit. Kanuni, i miratuar m\u00eb 2 korrik 1878, sh\u00ebnonte fitoren e plot\u00eb t\u00eb L\u00ebvizjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare n\u00eb gjirin e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit. Kjo fitore ishte e dyfisht\u00eb. Nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, detyra p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur vet\u00ebm trojet shqiptare, me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e ngarkoi ky kanun, e ktheu p\u00ebrfundimisht Lidhjen e Prizrenit n\u00eb nj\u00eb organizat\u00eb politike komb\u00ebtare dhe i dha t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuar Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e rob\u00ebruar n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, t\u00eb drejtat q\u00eb i dha po ai kanun p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur administrat\u00eb, ushtri, buxhet dhe gjyqe t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta, e pajis\u00ebn Lidhjen e Prizrenit me funksione pushtetore t\u00eb ve\u00e7uara nga ato t\u00eb shtetit centralist osman. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, me k\u00ebto t\u00eb drejta, q\u00eb u sanksionuan n\u00eb kanunin e 2 korrikut 1878, Lidhja e Prizrenit fitoi baz\u00ebn ligjore p\u00ebr t\u00eb ngritur shkall\u00eb-shkall\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet autonom shqiptar brenda shtetit perandorak osman.<\/p>\n Mbrojtja e trojeve shqiptare<\/strong><\/p>\n Shqip\u00ebria dhe Kongresi i Berlinit (13 qershor-13 korrik 1878)<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Kongresi i Berlinit u hap m\u00eb 13 qershor 1878, me rend dite rishikimin e Traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit. N\u00eb t\u00eb mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb 6 Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs: Gjermania, Anglia, Franca, Rusia, Austro-Hungaria dhe Italia. Sipas procedur\u00ebs s\u00eb vendosur paraprakisht, vendimet do t\u00eb merreshin nj\u00ebz\u00ebri. Punimet e Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit i drejtoi kancelari gjerman, Otto Bismark.<\/p>\n N\u00eb punimet e Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit mori pjes\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb delegacion qeveritar i Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, i kryesuar nga ministri i saj i Jasht\u00ebm, Kara Theodhor Pasha, me ndihm\u00ebs t\u00eb par\u00eb Mehmet Ali Pash\u00ebn, nj\u00eb mareshal turk me origjin\u00eb gjermane. Por delegacioni turk nuk kishte t\u00eb drejta t\u00eb barabarta me ato t\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha. Ai mund t\u00eb diskutonte p\u00ebr \u00e7do \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb rendit t\u00eb dit\u00ebs, por nuk kishte t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb votonte p\u00ebr vendimet e Kongresit. Me ftes\u00ebn e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, shtetet ballkanike (Serbia, Greqia, Bullgaria, Rumania, Mali i Zi) d\u00ebrguan n\u00eb Berlin delegacionet e tyre qeveritare, t\u00eb cilat parashtruan dhe mbrojt\u00ebn n\u00eb seanca t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta t\u00eb Kongresit k\u00ebrkesat e tyre politike e territoriale.<\/p>\n Edhe shqiptar\u00ebt, sidomos organizmat e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit, i parashtruan Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit k\u00ebrkesat e tyre. N\u00eb dhjet\u00ebra peticione e memorandume t\u00eb d\u00ebrguara gjat\u00eb muajve qershor-korrik 1878, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 protestave kund\u00ebr lakmive pushtuese t\u00eb shteteve fqinje, q\u00eb cenonin t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb territoriale t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, parashtrohej edhe k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb disa t\u00eb drejta autonomiste. K\u00ebt\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb ia p\u00ebrcolli me an\u00ebn e Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit edhe Lidhja e Prizrenit me peticionin q\u00eb miratoi m\u00eb 15 qershor.<\/p>\n Megjith\u00ebse kjo platform\u00eb e autonomis\u00eb ishte pranuar nga shumica e qarqeve patriotike shqiptare, nuk munguan t\u2019u paraqiten Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha edhe k\u00ebrkesa t\u00eb tjera, q\u00eb parashikonin formimin e nj\u00eb shteti t\u00eb pavarur shqiptar. K\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb memorandumin, q\u00eb nj\u00eb grup atdhetar\u00ebsh shkodran\u00eb i d\u00ebrguan m\u00eb 13 qershor 1878 lordit Bikonsfild, kryetar i delegacionit anglez n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit, pasi flitej holl\u00ebsisht p\u00ebr rrezikun q\u00eb i kanosej t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb territoriale t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb nga shtetet fqinje, parashtrohej si zgjidhja m\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare, n\u00eb kushtet n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat ndodhej Evropa Juglindore, formimi i nj\u00eb shteti shqiptar t\u00eb pavarur. Krijimi i shtetit pavarur shqiptar do ta \u00e7lironte popullin shqiptar nga zgjedha shekullore osmane, do t\u00eb krijonte n\u00eb Ballkan nj\u00eb mburoj\u00eb kund\u00ebr pansllavizmit rus dhe do t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbente si nj\u00eb element ekuilibri n\u00eb lindje.<\/p>\n Megjithat\u00eb, Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, t\u00eb mbledhura n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit, nuk i mor\u00ebn parasysh k\u00ebto k\u00ebrkesa t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve. Edhe pse n\u00eb Berlin luhej fati i popullit shqiptar, Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha e injoruan qenien e tij. Madje, delegacioni shqiptar, i ngarkuar nga Lidhja e Prizrenit, i cili shkoi n\u00eb Berlin me nism\u00ebn e vet p\u00ebr t\u2019i parashtruar Kongresit t\u00eb drejtat e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, nuk u p\u00ebrkrah nga askush. Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, kryetari i delegacionit, u p\u00ebrpoq ta bindte kryetarin e Kongresit, kancelarin Bismark, n\u00eb nj\u00eb takim q\u00eb pati me t\u00eb, q\u00eb ta p\u00ebrfshinte n\u00eb rendin e dit\u00ebs s\u00eb nj\u00eb seance edhe \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e kombit shqiptar. Por kancelari gjerman nuk pranoi duke u shprehur brutalisht se \u201cnuk ka nj\u00eb komb shqiptar\u201d.<\/p>\n Si rrjedhim, \u00e7\u00ebshtja shqiptare nuk u p\u00ebrfill fare si \u00e7\u00ebshtje m\u00eb vete nga Kongresi i Berlinit. T\u00eb mbledhura p\u00ebr t\u00eb rishikuar Traktatin e Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit, Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha mor\u00ebn p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr q\u00eb t\u00eb hartonin n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit nj\u00eb hart\u00eb t\u00eb re politike t\u00eb Gadishullit Ballkanik. N\u00eb Kongres Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha nuk u udh\u00ebhoq\u00ebn nga parimi i liris\u00eb s\u00eb popujve, por nga interesat e tyre t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ishin n\u00eb kontradikt\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet tyre. Perandoria Ruse luftonte p\u00ebr t\u00eb sanksionuar kushtet e Traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit, kurse Britania e Madhe me Austro-Hungarin\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqeshin t\u00eb pak\u00ebsonin sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebrfitimet e Rusis\u00eb dhe t\u2019i p\u00ebrforconin pozitat e tyre n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Juglindore. Perandoria Gjermane orvatej t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqte Austro-Hungarin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos e l\u00ebn\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb bashkohej me Franc\u00ebn dhe ta neutralizonte kund\u00ebrshtimin e Rusis\u00eb, duke provokuar keq\u00ebsimin e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve t\u00eb saj me Perandorin\u00eb Britanike. Synimi kryesor i Franc\u00ebs ishte izolimi politik i Gjermanis\u00eb, kurse Italia, nga ana e saj, k\u00ebrkonte zgjidhje t\u00eb tilla q\u00eb do t\u00eb \u00e7onin n\u00eb dob\u00ebsimin e pozitave t\u00eb Austro-Hungaris\u00eb n\u00eb Gadishullin Ballkanik.<\/p>\n Punimet e Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit vijuan plot nj\u00eb muaj. Ato p\u00ebrfunduan m\u00eb 13 korrik 1878 me n\u00ebnshkrimin e Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit, i cili z\u00ebvend\u00ebsoi at\u00eb t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit. Sipas traktatit t\u00eb ri, p\u00ebrfitimet politike e territoriale t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb u pak\u00ebsuan si n\u00eb Gadishullin Ballkanik, ashtu edhe n\u00eb Azin\u00eb e Vog\u00ebl. Ideja e nj\u00eb principate bullgare, n\u00ebn sovranitetin e sulltanit, mbeti n\u00eb fuqi, por kufijt\u00eb e saj u zvog\u00ebluan gati trefish. Kongresi i Berlinit vendosi q\u00eb territori i saj t\u00eb shtrihej midis lumit Danub dhe maleve Ballkan. Viset n\u00eb jug t\u00eb maleve Ballkan do t\u00eb formonin nj\u00eb provinc\u00eb autonome t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane me emrin Rumelia Lindore. Viset e Maqedonis\u00eb, s\u00eb bashku me krahinat lindore t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat me Traktatin e Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit i jepeshin Bullgaris\u00eb, do t\u00eb mbeteshin gjithashtu n\u00ebn sundimin osman. Kongresi i Berlinit ua njohu pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb Rumanis\u00eb, Serbis\u00eb dhe Malit t\u00eb Zi. Ai ripohoi gjithashtu vendimin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb Rumanis\u00eb Dobruxh\u00ebn Veriore dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019i shk\u00ebputur asaj provinc\u00ebn e Besarabis\u00eb n\u00eb favor t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb. Kufijve t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb e t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi ai u b\u00ebri ndryshime t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. Me k\u00ebmb\u00ebnguljen e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb u vendos q\u00eb Serbia t\u00eb mos zgjerohej nga ana jugore (n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb Novi Pazarit, t\u00eb Mitrovic\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Prishtin\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilat Vjena i lakmonte p\u00ebr vete), por nga ana juglindore, duke i dh\u00ebn\u00eb asaj krahinat e Pirotit, t\u00eb Trenit, t\u00eb Vranj\u00ebs e t\u00eb Nishit; k\u00ebto, me Traktatin e Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit, i qen\u00eb premtuar Bullgaris\u00eb. P\u00ebr t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn arsye, me k\u00ebmb\u00ebnguljen e Vjen\u00ebs, Malit t\u00eb Zi iu pak\u00ebsuan s\u00eb tep\u00ebrmi p\u00ebrfitimet territoriale nga ana veriore, n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb Hercegovin\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Novi Pazarit. Sipas Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit, ai do t\u00eb zgjerohej kryesisht nga ana jugore: do t\u00eb merrte krahinat e Tivarit, t\u00eb Podgoric\u00ebs, t\u00eb Plav\u00ebs, t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb, t\u00eb Rugov\u00ebs e t\u00eb Kolashinit. Aneksimi i Ulqinit nuk iu njoh, por Cetina fitonte t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn q\u00eb anijet tregtare malazeze t\u00eb lundronin lirisht n\u00eb lumin Bun\u00eb dhe n\u00eb liqenin e Shkodr\u00ebs. P\u00ebrfitime tok\u00ebsore n\u00eb kurriz t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane pat\u00ebn sidomos dy fuqi t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, t\u00eb cilat nuk kishin marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb fare n\u00eb luft\u00ebn ruso-turke: Austro-Hungaria dhe Britania e Madhe. Austro-Hungaria fitoi t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb pushtuar ushtarakisht, gjoja p\u00ebr t\u2019i administruar, Bosnj\u00ebn dhe Hercegovin\u00ebn, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 limanit Spic, n\u00eb brigjet jugore t\u00eb Dalmacis\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e aneksoi zyrtarisht; po ashtu fitoi t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur garnizone ushtarake n\u00eb sanxhakun e Novi Pazarit. Britania e Madhe, e cila u paraqit n\u00eb Kongres si mbrojt\u00ebsja m\u00eb e flakt\u00eb e Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, i shk\u00ebputi k\u00ebsaj ishullin e Qipros.<\/p>\n Me p\u00ebrkrahjen e Anglis\u00eb e t\u00eb Franc\u00ebs, Kongresi i Berlinit mori n\u00eb shqyrtim edhe k\u00ebrkesat e Greqis\u00eb, e cila gjithashtu nuk kishte marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00ebn ruso-turke. Athina pretendonte t\u00eb aneksonte Thesalin\u00eb, Maqedonin\u00eb, Kret\u00ebn dhe sidomos Epirin (vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs). Pas mjaft debatesh, Kongresi, duke marr\u00eb parasysh kund\u00ebrshtimin q\u00eb b\u00ebri Anglia p\u00ebr Kret\u00ebn dhe Rusia p\u00ebr Maqedonin\u00eb, nuk pranoi q\u00eb k\u00ebto t\u2019i jepeshin Greqis\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebr pretendimet greke n\u00eb Epir, Perandoria Osmane deklaroi haptas se aneksimi i Epirit nga Greqia do t\u00eb ishte i rreziksh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb dyja pal\u00ebt, pasi aty mbisundonte popullsia shqiptare, e cila do t\u2019u shkaktonte telashe si Greqis\u00eb, ashtu dhe Turqis\u00eb. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund u vendos q\u00eb kufiri n\u00eb Thesali dhe n\u00eb Epir t\u00eb caktohej nga nj\u00eb komision turko-grek. Megjithat\u00eb, Kongresi rekomandonte si vij\u00eb kufiri lumin Kalamas n\u00eb Epir dhe lumin Selemvria n\u00eb Thesali. N\u00eb rast se Greqia e Turqia nuk do t\u00eb merreshin dot vesh nd\u00ebrmjet tyre, thuhej n\u00eb nenin 24, at\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhynin Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha.<\/p>\n Vendimet e Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit cenonin r\u00ebnd\u00eb interesat e popullit shqiptar dhe t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb territoriale t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Ashtu si Traktati i Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit, edhe ai nuk e pa Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb si nj\u00eb nj\u00ebsi politike t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, por e trajtoi si nj\u00eb pla\u00e7k\u00eb tregu t\u00eb destinuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushur synimet e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqur lakmit\u00eb e shteteve ballkanike. Traktati i Berlinit nuk i njohu Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb asnj\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, madje nuk e zinte fare n\u00eb goj\u00eb emrin e saj. Ai nuk e respektoi as t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb e saj territoriale. Malit t\u00eb Zi, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 trojeve me popullsi t\u00eb p\u00ebrzier shqiptare e sllave, iu dhan\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebri disa vise thjesht shqiptare (krahinat e Plav\u00ebs, t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb e t\u00eb Rugov\u00ebs), sikund\u00ebr edhe Serbis\u00eb (krahinat e Vranj\u00ebs, t\u00eb Trenit e t\u00eb Pirotit). Bullgaris\u00eb nuk iu njoh\u00ebn viset e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb Lindore, por, nga ana tjet\u00ebr, iu dhan\u00eb Greqis\u00eb (e cila nuk p\u00ebrfitonte asgj\u00eb nga Traktati i Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit), viset e \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, me Traktatin e Berlinit lindi edhe nj\u00eb rrezik tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr trojet shqiptare. Ky rrezik vinte nga Austro-Hungaria, e cila, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 pushtimit t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Hercegovin\u00ebs, fitonte gjithashtu t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn t\u00eb vendoste garnizone ushtarake dhe t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtonte rrug\u00eb strategjike n\u00eb sanxhakun e Novi Pazarit \u201cderi p\u00ebrtej Mitrovic\u00ebs\u201d. Me k\u00ebto koncesione Vjena hidhte hapin e par\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb pushtuar nj\u00eb dit\u00eb krejt Kosov\u00ebn dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb dal\u00eb pastaj n\u00eb Selanik.<\/p>\n Midis vendimeve t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb mori Kongresi i Berlinit, dy prej tyre preknin, nj\u00ebri t\u00ebrthorazi e tjetri drejtp\u00ebrdrejt, dy \u00e7\u00ebshtje q\u00eb kishin lidhje me aspektin politik t\u00eb trojeve shqiptare, q\u00eb do t\u00eb mbeteshin n\u00ebn sundimin e Perandoris\u00eb Osmane. E para trajtohej n\u00eb nenin 23 t\u00eb traktatit. Sipas k\u00ebtij neni, Porta e Lart\u00eb detyrohej t\u00eb hartonte p\u00ebr viset ballkanike, q\u00eb ndodheshin n\u00ebn sundimin e saj t\u00eb plot\u00eb, \u201crregullore organike\u201d p\u00ebr nj\u00eb administrim autonom t\u00eb vilajeteve, pak a shum\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebllojt\u00eb me at\u00eb q\u00eb i qe dh\u00ebn\u00eb ishullit t\u00eb Kret\u00ebs m\u00eb 1868. Me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb k\u00ebto \u201crregullore\u201d t\u2019u p\u00ebrshtateshin nevojave t\u00eb vendit, Porta duhej t\u00eb ngarkonte \u201ckomisione t\u00eb posa\u00e7me\u201d p\u00ebr hartimin e tyre, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat \u201celementi vendas duhej t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohej n\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb\u201d. Projektet q\u00eb do t\u00eb hartoheshin p\u00ebr \u00e7do vilajet, thuhej n\u00eb po k\u00ebt\u00eb nen, para se t\u00eb hynin n\u00eb fuqi, do t\u00eb miratoheshin edhe nga Komisioni Evropian q\u00eb u krijua nga Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha p\u00ebr Rumelin\u00eb Lindore. E dyta ishte p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb Protokollin nr.13 t\u00eb Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit dhe kishte lidhje me venomet e Mirdit\u00ebs. Fillimisht \u00e7\u00ebshtja u ngrit nga p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e Franc\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Austro-Hungaris\u00eb. K\u00ebta k\u00ebrkuan nga Porta e Lart\u00eb q\u00eb ajo t\u2019i respektonte edhe n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen \u201cprivilegjet dhe imunitetet\u201d (dometh\u00ebn\u00eb: venomet), t\u00eb cilat \u201cpopullsia e Mirdit\u00ebs i g\u00ebzon ab antiquo\u201d (q\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebt e lashta). P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesi osman e kund\u00ebrshtoi k\u00ebt\u00eb propozim q\u00eb e pengonte Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb ta n\u00ebnshtronte Mirdit\u00ebn, duke u kapur pas faktit se zotimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb respektuar venomet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb krahin\u00eb binte n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me nenin 23, i cili e detyronte at\u00eb t\u00eb zbatonte reforma administrative n\u00eb vilajetet e Turqis\u00eb Evropiane. Megjithat\u00eb ai shtoi se Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk kishte nd\u00ebrmend t\u00eb zbatonte reformat e saj n\u00eb krahin\u00ebn e Mirdit\u00ebs. Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha mbet\u00ebn t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqura nga deklarata e p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit turk, e cila u p\u00ebrfshi n\u00eb Protokollin nr.13, duke marr\u00eb k\u00ebshtu vler\u00ebn e nj\u00eb zotimi zyrtar. T\u00eb dyja k\u00ebto vendime ishin negative p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb.<\/p>\n Me nenin 23 Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha cenonin interesat jetike t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, jo pse e detyronin Perandorin\u00eb Osmane t\u2019i pajiste viset ballkanike me administrat\u00eb autonome \u201ct\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme\u201d me nevojat e tyre, por me t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn q\u00eb fitoi Porta e Lart\u00eb p\u00ebr ta mbajtur edhe n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen ndarjen administrative q\u00eb ishte n\u00eb fuqi, pra cop\u00ebtimin e trojeve shqiptare nd\u00ebrmjet kat\u00ebr vilajeteve t\u00eb ndryshme. Reformat administrative autonomiste i k\u00ebrkonin vet\u00eb qarqet p\u00ebrparimtare rilind\u00ebse, por ato i kusht\u00ebzonin k\u00ebto reforma me bashkimin e trojeve shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm autonom. Pajisja e kat\u00ebr vilajeteve me \u201crregullore organike\u201d t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, gjoja n\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatje me nevojat e vendit, do t\u2019i v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsonte edhe m\u00eb tej lidhjet ekonomike, shoq\u00ebrore, politike e kulturore nd\u00ebrmjet krahinave shqiptare t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre vilajeteve. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, e drejta q\u00eb fituan me nenin 23 Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyr\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje, u dha atyre mund\u00ebsin\u00eb, si\u00e7 shkruante pak m\u00eb von\u00eb Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, q\u00eb t\u2019u jepnin reformave karakter joshqiptar, por serb n\u00eb vilajetin e Kosov\u00ebs, bullgar n\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb Manastirit dhe grek n\u00eb vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs. Si rrjedhim, me zbatimin e nenit 23 rritej m\u00eb tep\u00ebr n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen rreziku i aneksimit t\u00eb trojeve shqiptare nga shtetet fqinje ballkanike dhe v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsohej m\u00eb shum\u00eb lufta e shqiptar\u00ebve p\u00ebr bashkimin e k\u00ebtyre trojeve n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm autonom.<\/p>\n Po ashtu, me Protokollin nr. 13, Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha cenonin interesat jetike t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, sepse \u00e7\u00ebshtjen komb\u00ebtare shqiptare e reduktuan vet\u00ebm si problem t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb saj katolike dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb vet\u00ebm si \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e nj\u00eb krahine t\u00eb saj, si\u00e7 ishte krahina e vog\u00ebl dhe e prapambetur e Mirdit\u00ebs, e cila, sipas tyre, nuk aspironte gj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, ve\u00e7se t\u00eb ruante statusin e saj partikularist e patriarkal. Protokolli nr.13 i hapte k\u00ebshtu rrug\u00ebn Vjen\u00ebs, e cila g\u00ebzonte prej koh\u00ebsh t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e mbrojtjes s\u00eb popullsive katolike t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane (kultusprotektoratin), q\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhynte lirisht n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e brendshme t\u00eb Mirdit\u00ebs dhe ta kthente at\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00ebmb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb avancuar p\u00ebr ekspansionin e saj t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm drejt brigjeve shqiptare t\u00eb Adriatikut dhe drejt viseve t\u00eb Ballkanit Qendror.<\/p>\n Acarimi i marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve shqiptaro-turke<\/p>\n Aksioni i Gjakov\u00ebs (korrik-shtator 1878)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Vendimet e Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit e shtuan zem\u00ebrimin e shqiptar\u00ebve kund\u00ebr Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha dhe kund\u00ebr Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. Nga t\u00eb kat\u00ebr an\u00ebt e vendit u b\u00ebn\u00eb protesta p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar shk\u00ebputjen e trojeve shqiptare n\u00eb favor t\u00eb shteteve fqinje. Kudo u shpreh gatishm\u00ebria e masave popullore p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos l\u00ebshuar, qoft\u00eb n\u00eb veri, qoft\u00eb n\u00eb jug, asnj\u00eb p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00eb tok\u00eb t\u00eb banuar nga popullsi shqiptare. Megjithat\u00eb, pasi mbaruan punimet e Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit, v\u00ebmendja e shqiptar\u00ebve u drejtua kryesisht nga fati i trojeve veriore, pasi vendimi i Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha p\u00ebr dor\u00ebzimin e Plav\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb n\u00eb favor t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi kishte form\u00eb t\u00eb prer\u00eb. Si i till\u00eb ai duhej t\u00eb zbatohej menj\u00ebher\u00eb, kurse vendimi p\u00ebr viset jugore do t\u00eb merrte form\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimtare m\u00eb von\u00eb, pasi ishte i lidhur me bisedimet turko-greke.<\/p>\n Tensioni i madh politik q\u00eb pushtoi opinionin publik krijoi nj\u00eb truall t\u00eb favorsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr rritjen e shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb autoritetit t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare t\u00eb Prizrenit dhe p\u00ebr shtrirjen e saj organizative, brenda pak jav\u00ebve, n\u00eb t\u00eb kat\u00ebr an\u00ebt e venditPasi u kthyen n\u00eb krahinat e tyre delegat\u00ebt q\u00eb kishin marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb Kuvendin e Prizrenit, bes\u00eblidhjet lokale ose komisionet e vet\u00ebmbrojtjes, q\u00eb ishin krijuar m\u00eb par\u00eb, u kthyen menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb deg\u00eb t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare. N\u00eb ato krahina, ku ato mungonin, u organizuan mbledhje t\u00eb posa\u00e7me, t\u00eb cilat formuan deg\u00ebt lokale t\u00eb Lidhjes. Duke marr\u00eb parasysh v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb e nd\u00ebrlidhjes s\u00eb deg\u00ebve t\u00eb shumta me Komitetin Komb\u00ebtar dhe p\u00ebr ta rritur operativitetin e k\u00ebtyre deg\u00ebve n\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatje me rrethanat lokale, n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb korrikut u formuan n\u00eb baz\u00eb vilajetesh tri komitete nd\u00ebrkrahinore t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare me qend\u00ebr n\u00eb Prizren, n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr dhe n\u00eb Janin\u00eb. Me to u lidh\u00ebn deg\u00ebt e shp\u00ebrndara n\u00eb sanxhak\u00ebt dhe n\u00eb kazat\u00eb e k\u00ebtyre vilajeteve. Meqen\u00ebse m\u00eb 1878 vilajeti i Manastirit ishte suprimuar, deg\u00ebt e formuara n\u00eb sanxhak\u00ebt e Dibr\u00ebs, t\u00eb Ohrit e t\u00eb Manastirit u lidh\u00ebn me Komitetin Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Prizrenit, kurse ato t\u00eb sanxhakut t\u00eb Kor\u00e7\u00ebs me Komitetin Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs. Lidhjet nd\u00ebrmjet Komitetit t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs dhe komiteteve t\u00eb Prizrenit ose t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs kryheshin sipas rastit, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet deg\u00ebs s\u00eb Elbasanit ose n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet deg\u00ebs s\u00eb krijuar posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim n\u00eb Selanik, e cila sh\u00ebrbente si nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse p\u00ebr lidhjet e komiteteve nd\u00ebrkrahinore t\u00eb vilajeteve me Komitetin e Stambollit. P\u00ebr t\u00eb shpejtuar lidhjet nd\u00ebrmjet tyre, komitetet krahinore shfryt\u00ebzuan edhe linj\u00ebn telegrafike, madje, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet telegrafist\u00ebve atdhetar\u00eb, edhe shifrazhin sekret telegrafik.<\/p>\n N\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatje me situat\u00ebn e krijuar, Komiteti Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i Janin\u00ebs u ngarkua me detyr\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb merrte masa politike e ushtarake p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar ose, n\u00eb pamund\u00ebsi t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar shk\u00ebputjen e \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb favor t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim n\u00eb dhjet\u00ebdit\u00ebshin e tret\u00eb t\u00eb korrikut 1878 u organizua n\u00eb Janin\u00eb nj\u00eb Kuvend i gjer\u00eb Nd\u00ebrkrahinor me p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha deg\u00ebve t\u00eb vilajetit. Pasi vendosi t\u00eb shprehte bot\u00ebrisht vendosm\u00ebrin\u00eb e shqiptar\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar me arm\u00eb \u00e7do l\u00ebshim t\u00eb trojeve t\u00eb tyre n\u00eb favor t\u00eb Mbret\u00ebris\u00eb Greke, Kuvendi Nd\u00ebrkrahinor caktoi p\u00ebr \u00e7do kaza numrin e forcave vullnetare, q\u00eb do t\u00eb mobilizoheshin p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb sapo t\u00eb dilte nevoja. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e deg\u00ebve t\u00eb Jugut miratuan nj\u00eb memorandum, me t\u00eb cilin paralajm\u00ebrohej Porta e Lart\u00eb se shqiptar\u00ebt ishin t\u00eb vendosur t\u00eb viheshin edhe kund\u00ebr saj, n\u00eb rast se ajo do t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqej p\u00ebrball\u00eb pretendimeve shoviniste t\u00eb Athin\u00ebs.<\/p>\n N\u00eb mbledhjen q\u00eb mbajti m\u00eb 24 korrik 1878, n\u00ebn drejtimin e Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit, Kuvendi Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i Janin\u00ebs, krahas vendimeve q\u00eb mori p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, shqyrtoi edhe \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e formimit t\u00eb vilajetit autonom shqiptar. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim, m\u00eb 24 korrik 1878, u hartua nj\u00eb rezolut\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn aspirata e shqiptar\u00ebve p\u00ebr autonomi \u00ebsht\u00eb formuluar n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet tri k\u00ebrkesave: bashkimi i trojeve t\u00eb tyre n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, zhvillimi i gjuh\u00ebs shqipe si gjuh\u00eb komb\u00ebtare dhe zbatimi menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri i reformave t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme me nevojat e saj, sikurse ishte krijimi i \u201cmilicis\u00eb shqiptare\u201d me forca t\u00eb rekrutuara nga e gjith\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria. Lidhja parashikonte q\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00eb vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs t\u00eb mblidhte 30 mij\u00eb burra t\u00eb armatosur.<\/p>\n Kjo rezolut\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn shprehej vendosm\u00ebria e shqiptar\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar me arm\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb \u00e7do aneksim t\u00eb tok\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre nga Greqia, madje edhe n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me q\u00ebndrimin e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, shqet\u00ebsoi qarqet qeveritare t\u00eb Stambollit. N\u00eb telegramet q\u00eb i d\u00ebrgonte kryetarit t\u00eb Kuvendit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs m\u00eb 3 dhe 25 gusht, kryeministri turk shpejtoi t\u2019i qet\u00ebsonte shqiptar\u00ebt, duke u zotuar se nuk do t\u2019i l\u00ebshonte Greqis\u00eb asnj\u00eb p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00eb tok\u00eb nga vilajeti i Janin\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Gjithashtu, n\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatje me situat\u00ebn e krijuar, dy komitetet nd\u00ebrkrahinore t\u00eb Veriut u mobilizuan p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar me arm\u00eb dor\u00ebzimin e kazas\u00eb s\u00eb Gucis\u00eb (ku b\u00ebnte pjes\u00eb edhe Plava) n\u00eb favor t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi. P\u00ebr mbrojtjen e tyre n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr u zhvillua nj\u00eb miting popullor, pas t\u00eb cilit filluan menj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb rekrutuar vullnetar\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb grumbulluar arm\u00eb. Brenda pak dit\u00ebve, n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb korrikut, n\u00eb rrethin e Shkodr\u00ebs u regjistruan rreth 6 mij\u00eb vullnetar\u00eb. Qytetar\u00ebt dhe fshatar\u00ebt dhan\u00eb kontribut n\u00eb t\u00eb holla e drith\u00eb. Nj\u00eb mobilizim i till\u00eb ndodhi edhe n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, sidomos n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb e n\u00eb Pej\u00eb. M\u00eb shum\u00eb se kudo mobilizimi p\u00ebrfshiu banor\u00ebt e Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb. Shqiptar\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt p\u00ebrb\u00ebnin shumic\u00ebn d\u00ebrrmuese t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre dy krahinave, u vun\u00eb n\u00eb gatishm\u00ebri t\u00eb plot\u00eb, duke v\u00ebzhguar dit\u00eb e nat\u00eb l\u00ebvizjet e ushtrive malazeze p\u00ebrtej kufirit. Sipas vendimit q\u00eb mori Komiteti Komb\u00ebtar i Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit, vullnetar\u00ebt e krahinave t\u00eb tjera do t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin n\u00eb sht\u00ebpit\u00eb e tyre n\u00eb pritje p\u00ebr t\u2019u nisur n\u00eb front sapo t\u00eb l\u00ebshohej kushtrimi.<\/p>\n P\u00ebrgatitjet politike dhe ushtarake t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit tregonin se nenet e Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit, q\u00eb cenonin t\u00eb drejtat komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, nuk mund t\u00eb zbatoheshin pa dhun\u00ebn e armatosur kund\u00ebr shqiptar\u00ebve q\u00eb do t\u00eb ushtrohej ose nga Mali i Zi, ose nga Perandoria Osmane. P\u00ebr ta m\u00ebnjanuar k\u00ebt\u00eb konflikt tep\u00ebr t\u00eb kushtuesh\u00ebm dhe me p\u00ebrfundime t\u00eb pasigurta p\u00ebr Malin e Zi, knjaz Nikolla k\u00ebrkoi nd\u00ebrhyrjen e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, duke e akuzuar Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb si organizatoren e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr Perandorin\u00eb Osmane kazaja e Gucis\u00eb, me m\u00eb pak se 10 mij\u00eb banor\u00eb, nuk kishte asnj\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi ekonomike e strategjike n\u00eb krahasim me territoret e gjera t\u00eb Bullgaris\u00eb, t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs, t\u00eb Hercegovin\u00ebs etj., q\u00eb asaj iu shk\u00ebput\u00ebn nga Traktati i Berlinit. Por Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk donte q\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nj\u00eb krahine t\u00eb par\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme kufitare, t\u00eb ndizte revoltimin e m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb 1,6 milion shqiptar\u00ebve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt do t\u00eb mbeteshin brenda kufijve t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb. Si rrjedhim, ajo ngurroi t\u00eb dor\u00ebzonte Plav\u00ebn e Gucin\u00eb, duke u justifikuar para Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha me arsyen e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, me rrezikun e nj\u00eb konflikti t\u00eb armatosur nd\u00ebrmjet saj dhe shqiptar\u00ebve.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrkaq, n\u00eb dhjet\u00ebdit\u00ebshin e tret\u00eb t\u00eb korrikut u acaruan marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb me shqiptar\u00ebt, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb q\u00ebndrimit t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre t\u00eb fundit ndaj pushtimit t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs e t\u00eb Hercegovin\u00ebs nga Austro-Hungaria. Kur m\u00eb 22 korrik ushtrit\u00eb austro-hungareze filluan marshimin drejt Bosnj\u00ebs dhe Hercegovin\u00ebs, autoritetet shtet\u00ebrore osmane u k\u00ebrkuan krer\u00ebve t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare q\u00eb t\u2019u vinin n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb me forcat e tyre t\u00eb armatosura boshnjak\u00ebve, q\u00eb kishin rr\u00ebmbyer arm\u00ebt kund\u00ebr pushtuesve t\u00eb huaj. K\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e Stambollit e miratuan vet\u00ebm qarqet sulltaniste, t\u00eb cilat u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u00eb bindnin K\u00ebshillin e P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Lidhjes p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00ebn kund\u00ebr Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e tij nuk pranuan, duke p\u00ebrdorur si argument nevoj\u00ebn e ngutshme q\u00eb kishte vendi p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e trojeve shqiptare. Presioni i qarqeve qeveritare dhe i element\u00ebve turkoman\u00eb vijoi kat\u00ebr jav\u00eb, derisa m\u00eb 19 gusht 1878 K\u00ebshilli i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm, i mbledhur posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim, e hodhi p\u00ebrfundimisht posht\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. Lidhja vendosi t\u00eb mos d\u00ebrgonte forcat e saj t\u00eb armatosura kund\u00ebr invazionit austro-hungarez n\u00eb Bosnj\u00eb, me arsyen e thjesht\u00eb se ato ishin krijuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur interesat komb\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb e jo t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebndrim Lidhja e Prizrenit u dha, pas miratimit t\u00eb kanunit komb\u00ebtar m\u00eb 2 korrik 1878, goditjen e dyt\u00eb planeve t\u00eb sulltanit. Goditjen e tret\u00eb ajo ua dha tre jav\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb me vrasjen n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb t\u00eb mareshalit Mehmet Ali pash\u00eb Maxhari. Pas d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb planeve t\u00eb saj n\u00eb lidhje me Bosnj\u00ebn e me Hercegovin\u00ebn, Porta e Lart\u00eb filloi t\u00eb shqet\u00ebsohej si nga rruga e veprimeve t\u00eb pavarura n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt tashm\u00eb kishte hyr\u00eb Lidhja Shqiptare, ashtu edhe nga trysnia e madhe q\u00eb po ushtronin Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha n\u00eb lidhje me zbatimin e Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit kundrejt Malit t\u00eb Zi e Mbret\u00ebris\u00eb Greke. Trysni t\u00eb fuqishme ushtronte sidomos Rusia cariste, e cila po e kusht\u00ebzonte t\u00ebrheqjen e ushtrive t\u00eb veta nga Rumelia Lindore me dor\u00ebzimin nga ana e Perandoris\u00eb Osmane t\u00eb trojeve q\u00eb i qen\u00eb premtuar Malit t\u00eb Zi. K\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e plot\u00ebsimit t\u00eb detyrimeve, q\u00eb rridhnin nga Kongresi i Berlinit, ia parashtroi Stambollit edhe princi i Malit t\u00eb Zi, m\u00eb 13 gusht 1878. P\u00ebr t\u2019u \u00e7liruar nga ky presion e sidomos nga ai q\u00eb ushtronte Rusia, ushtrit\u00eb e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs ndodheshin n\u00eb af\u00ebrsit\u00eb e Stambollit, Porta e Lart\u00eb vendosi t\u00eb shpejtonte veprimet p\u00ebr dor\u00ebzimin e k\u00ebtyre trojeve, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb k\u00ebtu edhe Plav\u00ebn e Gucin\u00eb. N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen q\u00eb i dha princit t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi, m\u00eb 20 gusht, Ministria e Jashtme e njoftonte knjaz Nikoll\u00ebn se qeveria perandorake kishte caktuar mareshalin Mehmet Ali Pash\u00ebn si komisar i jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer formalitetet e dor\u00ebzimit t\u00eb Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb.<\/p>\n N\u00eb fund t\u00eb gushtit u d\u00ebrgua n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri mareshali Mehmet Ali pash\u00eb Maxhari si komisar me fuqi t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme p\u00ebr kufijt\u00eb turko-malazez\u00eb, i shoq\u00ebruar nga nj\u00eb adjutant i sulltanit. Ai u porosit q\u00eb, para se t\u00eb shkonte n\u00eb kufi, ta bindte Komitetin e Lidhjes t\u00eb mos e kund\u00ebrshtonte dor\u00ebzimin e Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb mos i sillnin atij pengesa n\u00eb zbatimin e Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit.<\/p>\n Qysh n\u00eb fillim u mor vesh se mareshali turk kishte marr\u00eb p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndante Komitetin Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare n\u00eb Prizren dhe, pasi t\u00eb kryente dor\u00ebzimin e Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb, do t\u00eb vinte n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr p\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb edhe aty Komitetin Krahinor t\u00eb Lidhjes. Prandaj lajmi i misionit t\u00eb Mehmet Ali pash\u00ebs u prit me zem\u00ebrim n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. N\u00eb Prizren, Komiteti Komb\u00ebtar i Lidhjes u shpreh kund\u00ebr pjes\u00ebmarrjes s\u00eb mareshalit n\u00eb komisionin e kufirit. Po k\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb nj\u00eb mbledhje t\u00eb fsheht\u00eb q\u00eb u mbajt n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr nga aktivist\u00ebt m\u00eb radikal\u00eb, u vendos q\u00eb t\u00eb mos e linin komisarin e sulltanit as t\u00eb hynte n\u00eb qytetin e tyre.<\/p>\n Mehmet Ali pasha arriti n\u00eb Prizren m\u00eb 25 gusht 1878 dhe ra menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb kontakt me an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e organeve qendrore e nd\u00ebrkrahinore t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare. Ai u p\u00ebrpoq t\u00eb bindte ve\u00e7an udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e saj p\u00ebr kot\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe d\u00ebmin e kund\u00ebrshtimit t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve, pasi, sipas tij, jo vet\u00ebm Porta e Lart\u00eb, por as Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha nuk do t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqeshin; ato do ta zbatonin me \u00e7do kusht Traktatin e Berlinit. N\u00eb nj\u00eb mbledhje t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt me t\u00eb gjith\u00eb krer\u00ebt e Lidhjes, m\u00eb 26 gusht, ai p\u00ebrdori, midis t\u00eb tjerave, edhe k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimin, duke u l\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb afat prej 24 or\u00ebsh p\u00ebr t\u2019u menduar. Por t\u00eb nes\u00ebrmen askush nuk u paraqit n\u00eb mbledhje. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, at\u00eb dit\u00eb u vra nga njer\u00ebzit e Lidhjes Shqiptare me atentat, n\u00eb kafenen\u00eb \u201cMarash\u201d t\u00eb Prizrenit, telegrafisti i Mehmet Ali pash\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilin mareshali e kishte sjell\u00eb me vete p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur sekretin e raporteve q\u00eb do t`i drejtonte Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. Vrasja e telegrafistit ishte nj\u00eb paralajm\u00ebrim q\u00eb Lidhja e Prizrenit i drejtonte Maxhar Pash\u00ebs dhe n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet tij qeveris\u00eb osmane, p\u00ebr t\u00eb hequr dor\u00eb nga dor\u00ebzimi i trojeve shqiptare.<\/p>\n Mehmet Ali pasha nuk qe n\u00eb gjendje as t\u2019i bindte udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e Lidhjes Shqiptare, as edhe t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndante Komitetin Komb\u00ebtar sipas porosive t\u00eb posa\u00e7me q\u00eb kishte marr\u00eb n\u00eb Stamboll. Megjithat\u00eb, mareshali turk nuk hoqi dor\u00eb nga misioni i tij. M\u00eb 31 gusht ai u nis p\u00ebr n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb i shoq\u00ebruar nga tri batalione ushtar\u00ebsh turq, duke k\u00ebrkuar nga Mitrovica q\u00eb t\u2019i d\u00ebrgonin n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb batalion tjet\u00ebr. Edhe n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb ai thirri m\u00eb 1 shtator n\u00eb nj\u00eb mbledhje krer\u00ebt e deg\u00ebs s\u00eb Lidhjes, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt u p\u00ebrpoq t\u2019i bindte q\u00eb t\u2019i n\u00ebnshtroheshin vullnetit t\u00eb sulltanit. Por k\u00ebtu ai gjeti nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrim m\u00eb t\u00eb rrept\u00eb. Me p\u00ebrjashtim t\u00eb kryetarit t\u00eb deg\u00ebs s\u00eb Lidhjes, Abdullah pash\u00eb Drenit, i cili si p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues i krahut sulltanist u bashkua me Maxhar Pash\u00ebn, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb, t\u00eb udh\u00ebhequr nga patriot\u00ebt e vendosur Sulejman Vokshi e Ahmet Koronica, e ftuan mareshalin osman q\u00eb t\u00eb mos e vijonte m\u00eb tej rrug\u00ebn drejt kufirit malazez. Sapo mor\u00ebn vesh nisjen e tij, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e Lidhjes Shqiptare p\u00ebr Gjakov\u00ebn, l\u00ebshuan kushtrimin, t\u00eb cilit iu p\u00ebrgjigj\u00ebn mij\u00ebra mal\u00ebsor\u00eb t\u00eb armatosur. M\u00eb 1 shtator, n\u00ebn drejtimin e Ali pash\u00eb Gucis\u00eb, ata u grumbulluan n\u00eb malin Erenik, duke z\u00ebn\u00eb rrug\u00ebn q\u00eb kalonte prej Gjakove n\u00eb Plav\u00eb e n\u00eb Guci. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana, Mehmet Ali pasha e shtyu marshimin p\u00ebr n\u00eb kufi dhe u struk n\u00eb sarajet e Abdullah pash\u00eb Drenit n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb. Pas k\u00ebsaj, p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb paralajm\u00ebrim tjet\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb prer\u00eb, po at\u00eb mbr\u00ebmje qytetar\u00ebt e mal\u00ebsor\u00ebt gjakovar\u00eb, rreth 4,500 veta t\u00eb armatosur, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i qen\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjur kushtrimit t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare, lan\u00eb malin Ere\u00e7 dhe zbrit\u00ebn n\u00eb qytet, ku rrethuan sarajet e Abdullah pash\u00eb Drenit. T\u00eb nes\u00ebrmen, m\u00eb 2 shtator 1878, nj\u00eb delegacion gjakovar\u00ebsh u paraqit p\u00ebrs\u00ebri te Abdullah pash\u00eb Dreni (n\u00eb sarajet e t\u00eb cilit ishte strehuar Mehmet Ali pasha) dhe i dha nj\u00eb ultimatum prej 24 or\u00ebsh q\u00eb ta p\u00ebrcillte mareshalin nga kishte ardhur. T\u00eb dy pashallar\u00ebt shpresuan se me gjasht\u00eb kompanit\u00eb, rreth 600 veta q\u00eb mbronin sarajet, me 30 trimat q\u00eb kishin me vete dhe me ndihmat q\u00eb prisnin t\u2019u vinin nga Mitrovica, nga Prizreni dhe nga miqt\u00eb e tyre, do ta shtypnin kryengritjen. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb atyre u erdh\u00ebn vet\u00ebm 70 mal\u00ebsor\u00eb nga Fandi i Gjakov\u00ebs, t\u00eb mashtruar prej priftit t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n M\u00eb 3 shtator, pasi mbaroi afati i ultimatumit, rreth 4 500 kryengrit\u00ebs, q\u00eb mbanin t\u00eb rrethuar sarajet, filluan sulmin. P\u00ebrleshja ishte e ashp\u00ebr dhe me humbje t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr t\u00eb dyja pal\u00ebt. N\u00eb mbr\u00ebmje u b\u00eb nj\u00eb arm\u00ebpushim prej 24 or\u00ebsh p\u00ebr t\u00eb rifilluar bisedimet, t\u00eb cilat vijuan gjat\u00eb nat\u00ebs dhe gjat\u00eb dit\u00ebs s\u00eb nes\u00ebrme, por pa ndonj\u00eb rezultat. N\u00eb mbr\u00ebmjen e 4 shtatorit rifilluan luftimet. M\u00eb 5 shtator gjendja e t\u00eb rrethuarve u keq\u00ebsua, pasi shumica e ushtar\u00ebve q\u00eb mbronin sarajet u dor\u00ebzuan. Batalioni q\u00eb u nis nga Mitrovica p\u00ebr t\u2019i ardhur n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb Maxhar Pash\u00ebs u shthur rrug\u00ebs dhe shumica e ushtar\u00ebve t\u00eb tij, duke qen\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb, u bashkuan me kryengrit\u00ebsit. M\u00eb 6 shtator 1878, pas nj\u00eb sulmi t\u00eb rrept\u00eb q\u00eb nd\u00ebrmor\u00ebn luft\u00ebtar\u00ebt e Lidhjes Shqiptare, edhe mbeturinat e kompanive turke q\u00eb mbronin mareshalin osman u dor\u00ebzuan. Pastaj kryengrit\u00ebsit arrit\u00ebn t\u2019u v\u00ebn\u00eb zjarr sarajeve. Mehmet Ali pasha dhe Abdullah pash\u00eb Dreni mbet\u00ebn t\u00eb vrar\u00eb gjat\u00eb sulmit t\u00eb fundit. Gjate ketij sulmi, Col Deli Qerimaj nga Geghyseni i Malesise se Gjakoves , me synimin per te ndalur gjakderdhje te metejshme, me nje veprim vetemohues depertoi ne brendesi te sarajeve, ku edhe ra heroikisht pasi arriti te vriste Pashain turk. Me vrasjen e tyre luftimet mor\u00ebn fund me fitoren e forcave t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare. Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij luftimi treditor t\u00eb dyja pal\u00ebt pat\u00ebn humbje t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, t\u00eb rrethuarit rreth 90 veta, forcat e Lidhjes rreth 500 veta.<\/p>\n P\u00ebrpjekja e armatosur e Gjakov\u00ebs ishte frym\u00ebzuar nga Lidhja Shqiptare e Prizrenit, nd\u00ebrsa me organizimin e saj t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb u mor dega e Lidhjes p\u00ebr Gjakov\u00ebn. Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb saj ishin Ahmet Koronica, Sulejman Vokshi, Ali bej Gucia, Jakup Ferri dhe Ismail Myderizi, s\u00eb bashku me krer\u00ebt e esnaf\u00ebve t\u00eb qytetit t\u00eb Gjakov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n P\u00ebrpjekja e Gjakov\u00ebs pati jehon\u00eb t\u00eb madhe brenda dhe jasht\u00eb vendit. N\u00eb saje t\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarrjes s\u00eb gjer\u00eb t\u00eb masave popullore dhe t\u00eb gjakut t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb derdhur n\u00eb k\u00ebto luftime, kjo ngjarje sh\u00ebnoi fitoren e plot\u00eb t\u00eb vij\u00ebs atdhetare shqiptare n\u00eb gjirin e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit. Aksioni i Gjakov\u00ebs tregoi se Lidhja e Prizrenit ishte nj\u00eb organizat\u00eb krejt\u00ebsisht e pavarur nga Porta e Lart\u00eb, madje ajo ishte e vendosur q\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb territoriale t\u00eb atdheut, t\u00eb luftonte edhe kund\u00ebr saj. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, Lidhja e Prizrenit, e cila u formua p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar vendimet e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha dhe u p\u00ebrgatit p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb kund\u00ebr ekspansionit t\u00eb shteteve fqinje, d\u00ebshmor\u00ebt e saj t\u00eb par\u00eb i la n\u00eb luft\u00eb kund\u00ebr Perandoris\u00eb Osmane.<\/p>\n Luftimet e Gjakov\u00ebs pat\u00ebn jehon\u00eb edhe jasht\u00eb kufijve t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb tri drejtime: si nj\u00eb akt q\u00eb cenonte Traktatin e Berlinit n\u00eb lidhje me detyrimet territoriale t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane ndaj Malit t\u00eb Zi; si nj\u00eb aksion q\u00eb keq\u00ebsoi m\u00eb shum\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb me shqiptar\u00ebt; si nj\u00eb veprim q\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsonte m\u00eb keq zgjidhjen e problemeve t\u00eb krijuara nga Kriza Lindore n\u00eb Gadishullin Ballkanik.<\/p>\n Kuvendi i Dibr\u00ebs dhe rezoluta e tij (1 n\u00ebntor 1878)<\/strong><\/p>\n Me aksionin e Gjakov\u00ebs, Lidhja e Prizrenit b\u00ebri nj\u00eb hap t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebrpara. Opinioni shqiptar priste tani q\u00eb Porta e Lart\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhynte energjikisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb vend dinjitetin e saj, t\u00eb shkelur r\u00ebnd\u00eb. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, v\u00ebzhguesit e huaj, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt e vler\u00ebsuan k\u00ebt\u00eb aksion si nj\u00eb kryengritje kund\u00ebr Stambollit, prisnin q\u00eb ajo t\u00eb shtrihej edhe n\u00eb viset e tjera t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n Porta e Lart\u00eb n\u00eb fillim mendoi t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhynte duke nd\u00ebrmarr\u00eb nj\u00eb fushat\u00eb ushtarake nd\u00ebshkimore kund\u00ebr gjakovar\u00ebve dhe Lidhjes Shqiptare. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, m\u00eb 8 shtator u nis\u00ebn nga Selaniku p\u00ebr n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb forca t\u00eb shumta ushtarake, t\u00eb cilat, me urdh\u00ebr nga Stambolli, u ndal\u00ebn m\u00eb pas nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb Ferizaj dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt n\u00eb Shkup. Qeveria e sulltanit arriti n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se n\u00eb at\u00eb situat\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerrej asnj\u00eb mas\u00eb ushtarake e nd\u00ebshkimore ndaj shqiptar\u00ebve, sepse nuk ishte n\u00eb interesin e saj t\u00eb shkaktonte nj\u00eb luft\u00eb, q\u00eb funksionar\u00ebt e saj e quanin civile, me shqiptar\u00ebt. Nj\u00eb veprim i till\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebhej shkak p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kryengritje t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn, si\u00e7 d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb dokumentet bashk\u00ebkoh\u00ebse, Stambolli nuk ishte n\u00eb gjendje n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb ta shtypte. Prandaj Porta e Lart\u00eb e la n\u00eb heshtje p\u00ebrleshjen e Gjakov\u00ebs, duke ua ngarkuar p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsin\u00eb e gjakderdhjes disa personave t\u00eb \u201cpand\u00ebrgjegjsh\u00ebm\u201d, kund\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebve deklaroi se do t\u00eb merreshin masa n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e duhur. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb kryengritje t\u00eb armatosur kund\u00ebr Stambollit n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb periudh\u00eb, kur rreziku i cop\u00ebtimit territorial ndodhej n\u00eb momentin e tij m\u00eb t\u00eb mpreht\u00eb, nuk qen\u00eb t\u00eb interesuara as qarqet atdhetare shqiptare. Megjithat\u00eb, ato mendonin se tani q\u00eb l\u00ebvizja kishte ecur mjaft p\u00ebrpara, ishin krijuar rrethana t\u00eb favorshme p\u00ebr ta detyruar Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebshonte pe n\u00eb lidhje me t\u00eb drejtat autonomiste t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb pa qen\u00eb nevoja p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kryengritje t\u00eb armatosur kund\u00ebr saj. Kjo \u00e7\u00ebshtje u trajtua nga Komiteti i Stambollit gjat\u00eb dhjet\u00ebdit\u00ebshit t\u00eb tret\u00eb t\u00eb muajit shtator 1878.<\/p>\n Pasi analizoi gjendjen e re politike, Komiteti i Stambollit, n\u00eb mbledhjen e fsheht\u00eb q\u00eb zhvilloi n\u00ebn kryesin\u00eb e Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit, vendosi ta ngrinte me forc\u00eb para Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e formimit t\u00eb Vilajetit Shqiptar. Vendimi i Komitetit u shpall bot\u00ebrisht si lajm, pa em\u00ebr autori, m\u00eb 27 shtator 1878, n\u00eb gazet\u00ebn \u201cTerxhuman-i Shark\u201d, q\u00eb botohej n\u00ebn drejtimin e Sami Frash\u00ebrit n\u00eb kryeqytetin perandorak. Sipas k\u00ebtyre lajmeve, Lidhja Shqiptare kishte hartuar nj\u00eb program prej 7 pikash. N\u00eb pik\u00ebn e par\u00eb thuhej se sovraniteti i sulltanit do t\u00eb ruhej n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri dhe se asnj\u00eb p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00eb tok\u00eb shqiptare nuk duhej t\u2019u jepej shteteve t\u00eb tjera. N\u00eb pik\u00ebn e dyt\u00eb k\u00ebrkohej krijimi i Vilajetit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb bashkimi i t\u00eb gjitha trojeve shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb nj\u00ebsi t\u00eb vetme politiko-administrative. Pikat e tjera trajtonin prerogativat autonomiste dhe parimet kushtetore q\u00eb duhej t\u00eb kishte ky vilajet. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb n\u00ebpun\u00ebsit do t\u00eb ishin shqiptar\u00eb. N\u00eb administrat\u00eb e n\u00eb shkoll\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorej gjuha shqipe. Osmanishtja do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorej vet\u00ebm n\u00eb korrespondenc\u00ebn me Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb. Vilajeti i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb do t\u00eb kishte gjithashtu ushtrin\u00eb e vet komb\u00ebtare. Shqip\u00ebria autonome do t\u00eb qeverisej nga nj\u00eb regjim demokratik. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb banor\u00ebt, pa marr\u00eb parasysh dallimet fetare e shoq\u00ebrore, do t\u00eb kishin t\u00eb drejta dhe detyra t\u00eb barabarta. Vendi do t\u00eb qeverisej nga organe pushtetore t\u00eb zgjedhura demokratisht prej tyre. \u00c7do nahije (lokalitet), \u00e7do kaza (rreth) dhe \u00e7do sanxhak (prefektur\u00eb) do t\u00eb kishte k\u00ebshillin e vet t\u00eb zgjedhur periodikisht. Organi m\u00eb i lart\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte Kuvendi i Madh i Vilajetit i zgjedhur nga k\u00ebshillat e sanxhak\u00ebve, i veshur me pushtet legjislativ dhe ekzekutiv. Kuvendi i Madh do t\u00eb zgjidhte qeverin\u00eb e vilajetit (K\u00ebshillin e Vilajetit). Qeveria do t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatiste ligjet, do t\u00eb studionte reformat, do t\u00eb hartonte buxhetin dhe do t\u00eb zgjidhte gjykat\u00ebn e p\u00ebrgjithshme, t\u00eb cilat do t\u2019ia paraqiste p\u00ebr miratim Kuvendit t\u00eb Madh. Vendimet e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Vilajetit, thuhej n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb program, do t\u00eb zbatoheshin nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb banor\u00ebt e vilajetit. Ato do t\u00eb ishin t\u00eb detyrueshme edhe p\u00ebr qeverin\u00eb perandorake osmane.<\/p>\n Pasi programi i ri u shpall bot\u00ebrisht, u ftuan t\u00eb gjitha deg\u00ebt e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit q\u00eb ta miratonin dhe t\u00eb ngarkonin nj\u00eb delegacion t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga personalitete shqiptare t\u00eb njohura p\u00ebr t\u2019ia paraqitur at\u00eb Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. N\u00eb shum\u00eb krahina t\u00eb vendit u hap nj\u00eb diskutim i zjarrt\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet aktivist\u00ebve atdhetar\u00eb, q\u00eb e mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebn programin e ri dhe qarqeve sulltaniste, t\u00eb cilat u ngrit\u00ebn kund\u00ebr p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb tij. Me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqnin n\u00eb an\u00ebn e tyre p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebsit e krahut t\u00eb moderuar, n\u00eb mjaft krahina udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit u detyruan t\u00eb b\u00ebnin nj\u00eb l\u00ebshim, – t\u00eb hiqnin dor\u00eb nga pjesa e fundit e programit (nga parimet kushtetore q\u00eb duhej t\u00eb kishte Vilajeti i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb), rreth t\u00eb cilave u p\u00ebrqendrua diskutimi m\u00eb i rrept\u00eb.<\/p>\n N\u00eb fillim programi u shtrua p\u00ebr diskutim n\u00eb deg\u00ebn e Lidhjes Shqiptare p\u00ebr Dibr\u00ebn, me nism\u00ebn e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs u mbajt n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr, m\u00eb 14 tetor, nj\u00eb kuvend i jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm, ku mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb krer\u00ebt e qytetit t\u00eb Mal\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Fush\u00ebs s\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs, q\u00eb miratuan nj\u00eb rezolut\u00eb, t\u00eb hartuar mbi parimet e programit t\u00eb Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit. Pasi protestohej kund\u00ebr cop\u00ebtimit t\u00eb trojeve shqiptare nga Kongresi i Berlinit dhe pasi flitej p\u00ebr rrezikun e asgj\u00ebsimit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb nga shtetet fqinje, n\u00eb rezolut\u00eb vihej n\u00eb dukje se p\u00ebr t\u00eb larguar k\u00ebt\u00eb rrezik \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme q\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sanxhak\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb bashkohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm autonom (Vilajeti i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb). Vilajeti i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb do t\u00eb kishte kryeqytetin e vet, organet e tij ekzekutive e legjislative, n\u00ebpun\u00ebs shqiptar\u00eb, arsimim n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe, buxhetin e tij etj. Rezoluta q\u00eb doli nga ky Kuvend do t\u2019i n\u00ebnshtrohej nj\u00eb diskutimi m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb kuvend t\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebm, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin do t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e t\u00eb gjitha krahinave t\u00eb sanxhakut.<\/p>\n Kuvendi i posa\u00e7\u00ebm i Lidhjes u mblodh m\u00eb 1 n\u00ebntor 1878 n\u00eb qytetin e Dibr\u00ebs, me nism\u00ebn e Komitetit t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare p\u00ebr t\u00eb dyja Dibrat dhe ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht t\u00eb kryetarit t\u00eb saj, Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs (Qoku). N\u00eb Kuvend mori pjes\u00eb si p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues i Lidhjes Shqiptare p\u00ebr mbar\u00eb Tosk\u00ebrin\u00eb (vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs) Abdyl Frash\u00ebri. Kuvendi miratoi nj\u00eb rezolut\u00eb n\u00eb trajt\u00ebn e nj\u00eb memorandumi, t\u00eb hartuar nga dora e Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit.<\/p>\n Rezoluta e Kuvendit t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs p\u00ebrmbante po ato k\u00ebrkesa, q\u00eb shtroheshin n\u00eb programin e Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit dhe q\u00eb ishin p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb rezolut\u00ebn e mbledhjes s\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs t\u00eb 14 tetorit 1878, t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhura n\u00eb pes\u00eb pika: formimi i Vilajetit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, pajisja e tij me n\u00ebpun\u00ebs shqiptar\u00eb, zhvillimi i arsimit n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe, zbatimi i reformave nga Kuvendi i Madh, p\u00ebrdorimi i nj\u00eb pjese t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb buxhetit p\u00ebr p\u00ebrparimin e arsimit dhe p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtime botore. Nga programi i Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit nuk u p\u00ebrfshin\u00eb haptas n\u00eb rezolut\u00eb vet\u00ebm parimet demokratike t\u00eb struktur\u00ebs shtet\u00ebrore t\u00eb Vilajetit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Vendin e tyre k\u00ebtu e kishte z\u00ebn\u00eb e drejta q\u00eb do t\u00eb kishte Kuvendi i Madh p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbatuar \u201creforma t\u00eb dobishme p\u00ebr shtetin dhe p\u00ebr kombin\u201d. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund n\u00eb rezolut\u00eb thuhej se k\u00ebto k\u00ebrkesa do t\u2019i paraqiteshin brenda nj\u00eb muaji n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb popullit shqiptar, Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, me an\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb delegacioni t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga personalitete t\u00eb shquara t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. An\u00ebtar\u00ebt e delegacionit, para se t\u00eb vinin n\u00eb Stamboll, duhej t\u00eb merrnin p\u00eblqimin, me mandat t\u00eb shkruar, nga t\u00eb gjitha kazat\u00eb dhe sanxhak\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb. \u201cShqip\u00ebria, – thuhej n\u00eb fund t\u00eb rezolut\u00ebs, – do t\u00eb rezistoj\u00eb duke qen\u00eb e lidhur dhe e bashkuar si nj\u00eb trup i vet\u00ebm, derisa t\u00eb arrihet plot\u00ebsimi i k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb lartp\u00ebrmendura\u201d.<\/p>\n Sipas marr\u00ebveshjes q\u00eb u arrit n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr, delegacioni q\u00eb do ta paraqiste dhe do ta mbronte rezolut\u00ebn para Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebhej nga 14 veta, midis t\u00eb cil\u00ebve ishin Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibra, Sheh Mustafa Tetova, Hasan pash\u00eb Prizreni, Mustafa pash\u00eb Vlora, Abedin bej Dino, Mehmet Ali Vrioni, Sabri Gjirokastra, Mihal Kristo, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri etj. Detyr\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb mandatet, me t\u00eb cilat miratohej nga p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e kazave e t\u00eb sanxhak\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb rezoluta dhe mandatet e p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjes s\u00eb delegacionit, e mor\u00ebn p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibra p\u00ebr krahinat veriore dhe Abdyl Frash\u00ebri p\u00ebr krahinat jugore.<\/p>\n Misionin e vet t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb e t\u00eb lodhsh\u00ebm Abdyl Frash\u00ebri e kreu brenda nj\u00eb muaji. Pasi la Dibr\u00ebn, ai u nis n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb Elbasanit, kaloi n\u00eb Berat, n\u00eb Fier e n\u00eb Vlor\u00eb, pastaj n\u00eb Gjirokast\u00ebr, n\u00eb Delvin\u00eb e n\u00eb Filat dhe, pasi p\u00ebrshkoi \u00c7am\u00ebrin\u00eb deri n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb, u kthye n\u00eb Janin\u00eb. Q\u00eb k\u00ebtej ai e njoftoi, m\u00eb 2 dhjetor 1878, Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibr\u00ebn p\u00ebr entuziazmin q\u00eb kishin shkaktuar kudo vendimet e Kuvendit t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebr gatishm\u00ebrin\u00eb e p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesve t\u00eb popullit shqiptar p\u00ebr t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruar mandatet e p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsimit. N\u00eb veri mandatet e miratimit t\u00eb rezolut\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb delegacionit Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibra i p\u00ebrfundoi aty nga mesi i janarit 1879. Por delegacioni shqiptar e pezulloi nisjen p\u00ebr n\u00eb Stamboll, pasi nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb lindi rreziku i aneksimit t\u00eb pjes\u00ebs jugore t\u00eb \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb nga Greqia. Ky rrezik i detyroi udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e Lidhjes Shqiptare q\u00eb t\u00eb merreshin me mbrojtjen e kufijve jugor\u00eb dhe ta linin p\u00ebr m\u00eb von\u00eb paraqitjen e rezolut\u00ebs s\u00eb Kuvendit t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs n\u00eb Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n Mbrojtja e trojeve jugore. Kuvendi i Prevez\u00ebs (11 janar 1879) dhe misioni diplomatik i Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit (pranver\u00eb 1879)<\/strong><\/p>\n Gjat\u00eb koh\u00ebs q\u00eb patriot\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb po merreshin me \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e t\u00eb drejtave autonomiste t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, qeveria e Athin\u00ebs i b\u00ebnte presion t\u00eb vazhduesh\u00ebm Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb zbatonte menj\u00ebher\u00eb Protokollin nr.13 t\u00eb Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb fillonte bisedimet me pal\u00ebn greke p\u00ebr t\u00eb caktuar kufirin e ri midis tyre sipas vij\u00ebs Kalamas-Selemvria q\u00eb kishin rekomanduar Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha. N\u00ebn trysnin\u00eb e protestave shqiptare, Porta e Lart\u00eb e zvarriti p\u00ebr muaj me radh\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen e saj, me shpres\u00eb se me kalimin e koh\u00ebs do t\u00eb krijoheshin rrethana m\u00eb t\u00eb favorshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb. Por n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 1878 ajo u detyrua t\u00eb pranonte se ishte gati t\u00eb fillonte bisedimet me qeverin\u00eb greke. Konferenca dypal\u00ebshe u vendos t\u00eb zhvillohej n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb janarit 1879.<\/p>\n Sapo u hap lajmi i mbledhjes s\u00eb af\u00ebrt t\u00eb konferenc\u00ebs, Komiteti Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i Janin\u00ebs ftoi t\u00eb gjitha kazat\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Jugut dhe t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sanxhak\u00ebt e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Veriut, q\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonin sa m\u00eb par\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e tyre n\u00eb nj\u00eb kuvend t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar q\u00ebndrimin q\u00eb duhej mbajtur ndaj konferenc\u00ebs turko-greke. N\u00eb Kuvend u ftuan t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e komiteteve nd\u00ebrkrahinore t\u00eb Prizrenit dhe t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Kuvendi i Prevez\u00ebs u hap m\u00eb 11 janar 1879 me pjes\u00ebmarrjen e rreth 400 delegat\u00ebve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt, pasi e shpall\u00ebn veten si krer\u00eb t\u00eb mbar\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, mor\u00ebn nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb vendimesh politike e ushtarake. Kuvendi nuk e kund\u00ebrshtoi plot\u00ebsisht Protokollin nr.13. Delegat\u00ebt deklaruan se e pranonin rekomandimin e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha p\u00ebr bashkimin e Thesalis\u00eb me Greqin\u00eb (deri te lumi Selemvria), porse ishin kategorikisht t\u00eb vendosur p\u00ebr ta kund\u00ebrshtuar deri n\u00eb fund l\u00ebshimin e Epirit Mbret\u00ebris\u00eb Greke (deri te lumi Kalamas). N\u00eb rast se Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, thuhej n\u00eb rezolut\u00ebn e Kuvendit, nuk do t\u2019i marrin parasysh interesat e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, at\u00ebher\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt do t\u2019i kund\u00ebrshtojn\u00eb me arm\u00eb vendimet e tyre. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim, thuhej m\u00eb tej, \u201cdo t\u00eb mobilizohen, me shpenzimet e Lidhjes, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt e aft\u00eb p\u00ebr luft\u00eb\u201d. N\u00eb fundin e janarit 1879 filluan t\u00eb vinin n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb edhe delegat\u00eb nga viset e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Veriut, nga Shkodra, Durr\u00ebsi, Elbasani, Ulqini, Prizreni, Dibra, Novi Pazari etj.<\/p>\n Para se t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahej, Kuvendi i Prevez\u00ebs formoi tri komisione me detyra t\u00eb posa\u00e7me. I pari, komisioni politik, q\u00eb do t\u00eb q\u00ebndronte n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndjekur nga af\u00ebr punimet e konferenc\u00ebs turke-greke; i dyti, komisioni ushtarak, q\u00eb do t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahej n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri p\u00ebr t\u00eb organizuar forcat luftarake t\u00eb Lidhjes; i treti, komisioni diplomatik, q\u00eb do t\u00eb shkonte n\u00eb Stamboll p\u00ebr t\u2019i b\u00ebr\u00eb trysni Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mos pranonte l\u00ebshimin e trojeve shqiptare Greqis\u00eb. N\u00eb krye t\u00eb komisionit t\u00eb tret\u00eb u vu Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, meqen\u00ebse ky do t\u00eb merrte pjes\u00eb edhe n\u00eb delegacionin e Kuvendit t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye ai e shtyu p\u00ebr m\u00eb von\u00eb nisjen e tij p\u00ebr t\u2019i paraqitur Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb rezolut\u00ebn e 1 n\u00ebntorit 1878.<\/p>\n Delegacioni osman arriti n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb jav\u00ebn e fundit t\u00eb janarit 1879. At\u00eb e kryesonte mareshali Ahmet Muhtar pasha, i cili g\u00ebzonte nj\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb Perandorin\u00eb Osmane p\u00ebr q\u00ebndres\u00ebn q\u00eb kishte b\u00ebr\u00eb gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs s\u00eb fundit kund\u00ebr ushtrive ruse. Sulltani shpresonte se, p\u00ebr hir t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj konsiderate, mareshali do t\u2019i zbuste shpirtrat e revoltuar t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve. P\u00ebr t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin q\u00ebllim, n\u00eb delegacionin prej tre komisar\u00ebsh, si\u00e7 u quajt\u00ebn an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e tij n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, ishte v\u00ebn\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb personalitet i njohur shqiptar, Abedin bej Dino (komisar i Burs\u00ebs s\u00eb Stambollit), an\u00ebtar i Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare p\u00ebr vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs, i cili u em\u00ebrua nga sulltani q\u00eb t\u00eb qet\u00ebsonte opinionin publik shqiptar. Por as nj\u00ebri, as tjetri nuk pat\u00ebn sukses. Sapo delegacionet turke e greke arrit\u00ebn n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb, m\u00eb 28 janar, delegat\u00ebt e Kuvendit s\u00eb bashku me popullsin\u00eb qytetare shp\u00ebrthyen nj\u00eb demonstrat\u00eb n\u00eb rrug\u00ebt e Prevez\u00ebs, duke shprehur p\u00ebrpara selive t\u00eb komisioneve turke e greke vendosm\u00ebrin\u00eb e tyre p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb tok\u00ebsore dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos pranuar asnj\u00eb l\u00ebshim t\u00eb trojeve t\u00eb tyre n\u00eb dobi t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb. Po m\u00eb 28 janar 1879 p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e krahinave shqiptare, q\u00eb ndodheshin n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb, u drejtuan Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet konsujve t\u00eb tyre n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb qytet, nj\u00eb protest\u00eb kategorike, me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn paralajm\u00ebronin se do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerrnin nj\u00eb luft\u00eb vendimtare me pasoja t\u00eb thella p\u00ebr paqen n\u00eb Gadishullin Ballkanik, n\u00eb rast se nuk do t\u00eb merreshin parasysh t\u00eb drejtat territoriale t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe do t\u00eb cenohej t\u00ebr\u00ebsia e saj tok\u00ebsore.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb demonstratave k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuese t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve, t\u00eb cilat vijuan p\u00ebr disa dit\u00eb me radh\u00eb, konferenca turko-greke filloi me vones\u00eb, m\u00eb 6 shkurt 1879. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, presioni i fort\u00eb i shqiptar\u00ebve e detyroi delegacionin osman q\u00eb t\u00eb mos u n\u00ebnshtrohej k\u00ebrkesave greke. Duke u justifikuar me rrezikun e shp\u00ebrthimit t\u00eb kryengritjes kund\u00ebrosmane n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri dhe duke u kapur pas faktit se vija Kalamas-Selemvria, q\u00eb kishin sh\u00ebnuar Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha n\u00eb Protokollin nr.13 nuk kishte form\u00ebn e nj\u00eb vendimi, por t\u00eb nj\u00eb rekomandimi, Ahmet Muhtar pasha u tregua m\u00eb n\u00eb fund i gatsh\u00ebm t\u2019i l\u00ebshoj\u00eb Greqis\u00eb Thesalin\u00eb, por jo Epirin. Meqen\u00ebse Athina nuk e pranoi k\u00ebt\u00eb zgjidhje, pas gjasht\u00eb jav\u00ebsh konferenca e Prevez\u00ebs u mbyll.<\/p>\n Menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb bisedimeve dypal\u00ebshe qeveria e Athin\u00ebs k\u00ebrkoi nd\u00ebrhyrjen e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb ishin t\u00eb prirura p\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00eb Protokollin nr.13. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb edhe udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e Lidhjes Shqiptare formuan bindjen se lufta paraprake kund\u00ebr vendimeve q\u00eb do t\u00eb merrnin Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha p\u00ebr nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb till\u00eb, si\u00e7 ishte t\u00ebr\u00ebsia territoriale e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, nuk mund t\u00eb zhvillohej me sukses vet\u00ebm me an\u00eb t\u00eb memorandumeve e t\u00eb protestave. K\u00ebrkohej nj\u00eb ballafaqim me p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi me politik\u00ebn e jashtme t\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha p\u00ebr t\u00eb argumentuar ball\u00eb p\u00ebr ball\u00eb tezat themelore dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb sqaruar \u00e7do pik\u00eb t\u00eb err\u00ebt, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ngrinte aparati i tyre diplomatik. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim Komiteti Nd\u00ebrkrahinor vendosi q\u00eb, krahas peticioneve e memorandumeve, t\u00eb niste nj\u00eb mision diplomatik n\u00eb kryeqytetet kryesore t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur \u00e7\u00ebshtjet e parashtruara n\u00eb ato dokumente dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb argumentuar para kancelarive t\u00eb tyre padrejt\u00ebsin\u00eb q\u00eb kishin kryer me Protokollin nr. 13 ndaj interesave jetik\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Barra e k\u00ebtij misioni diplomatik iu ngarkua Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit dhe Mehmet Ali Vrionit.<\/p>\n Misioni diplomatik i p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesve t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare zgjati tre muaj. Ata u nis\u00ebn nga Preveza n\u00eb fund t\u00eb muajit mars 1879, shkuan n\u00eb Rom\u00eb, n\u00eb Paris, n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr, n\u00eb Berlin, n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb e n\u00eb Stamboll?. Kudo ku shkuan ata u paraqit\u00ebn si t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare, e cila p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonte gjith\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb. Ata u dor\u00ebzuan ministrave t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebm t\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha (dhe p\u00ebr njoftim edhe Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb) nj\u00eb memorandum me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn p\u00ebrmbajtje q\u00eb ishte hartuar nga Abdyl Frash\u00ebri qysh m\u00eb par\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb memorandum d\u00ebnoheshin haptas vendimet q\u00eb kishin marr\u00eb Kongresi i Berlinit n\u00eb d\u00ebm t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, duke shk\u00ebputur shum\u00eb krahina t\u00eb saj n\u00eb favor t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb, t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi e t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb diskutimi kryesor k\u00ebtu sillej rreth Protokollit nr. 13. Qeveria greke, theksohej n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb memorandum, kishte p\u00ebrdorur prej koh\u00ebsh t\u00eb gjitha mjetet p\u00ebr ta sht\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb Epirin. Ajo kishte harxhuar shuma t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxitur popullsin\u00eb lokale q\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte bashkimin e saj me Greqin\u00eb. Por t\u00eb gjitha orvatjet e Athin\u00ebs kishin d\u00ebshtuar, sepse popullsia e Epirit n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e saj d\u00ebrrmuese ishte shqiptare dhe jo greke. Pasi u bind se n\u00eb Epir ajo nuk kishte mb\u00ebshtetjen e popullsis\u00eb lokale, thuhej m\u00eb tej, qeveria greke iu drejtua Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit, duke shpresuar se me p\u00ebrkrahjen e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha do t\u2019i k\u00ebnaqte lakmit\u00eb e saj shoviniste. Por Kongresi i Berlinit, n\u00ebnvizohej n\u00eb memorandum, ndon\u00ebse nuk i miratoi me vendim t\u00eb prer\u00eb k\u00ebrkesat greke, fakti q\u00eb rekomandoi t\u2019i l\u00ebshohen Greqis\u00eb krahinat n\u00eb jug t\u00eb lumit Kalamas tregonte se nuk u shqet\u00ebsua p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e popullit shqiptar. M\u00eb tej n\u00eb memorandum rreshtoheshin argumentet etnike, historike, ekonomike e strategjike q\u00eb provonin karakterin shqiptar t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre krahinave dhe domosdoshm\u00ebrin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos i shk\u00ebputur nga trupi i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. \u201cT\u2019i jap\u00ebsh Greqis\u00eb, – theksohej po aty, – vendet q\u00eb ajo k\u00ebrkon n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb krahin\u00eb, do t\u00eb thot\u00eb t\u2019i shmangesh detyr\u00ebs q\u00eb ka \u00e7do popull p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur atdheun dhe kombin e tij, sepse kjo do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eblloj sikur t\u2019i jepje q\u00eb tani \u00e7el\u00ebsat e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi t\u00eb huaj (Greqis\u00eb – sh\u00ebn. i aut.), i cili me p\u00ebrpjekjet e tij nuk synon tjet\u00ebr ve\u00e7se ta pushtoj\u00eb dhe ta sundoj\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht\u201d.<\/p>\n N\u00eb lidhje me q\u00ebndrimin e shqiptar\u00ebve ndaj Protokollit nr.13, gjuha e memorandumit ishte e prer\u00eb. Shqiptar\u00ebt, thuhej aty, si nj\u00eb popull i frym\u00ebzuar nga ndjenja atdhetare, nuk do t\u00eb lejojn\u00eb q\u00eb vendi i tyre t\u00eb pushtohet dhe t\u00eb sundohet nga t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt. Dhe m\u00eb tej: \u201cShqiptar\u00ebt kan\u00eb ruajtur atdheun e tyre, komb\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre, gjuh\u00ebn e tyre dhe zakonet e tyre duke prapsur sulmet e romak\u00ebve, t\u00eb bizantin\u00ebve e t\u00eb venedikasve. Si mund t\u00eb lejohet q\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shekull t\u00eb dituris\u00eb e t\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimit, nj\u00eb komb kaq trim e kaq i lidhur me truallin e tij t\u00eb sakrifikohet duke ia dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb fqinji kaq t\u00eb pangopur, pa asnj\u00eb arsye t\u00eb ligjshme?\u201d Memorandumi drejtuar Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha shpallte n\u00eb fund se p\u00ebrball\u00eb lakmive t\u00eb egra t\u00eb fqinj\u00ebve shqiptar\u00ebt qen\u00eb bashkuar me nj\u00ebri-tjetrin dhe qen\u00eb betuar solemnisht se do ta mbronin me arm\u00eb atdheun e tyre deri te njeriu i fundit dhe se n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqeshin p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbatuar n\u00eb atdheun e tyre reformat p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat kishte nevoj\u00eb vendi, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb zhvillimin e arsimit publik.<\/p>\n Tezat e parashtruara n\u00eb memorandum Abdyl Frash\u00ebri i shtjelloi m\u00eb holl\u00ebsisht gjat\u00eb takimeve q\u00eb pati me ministrat e Jasht\u00ebm dhe me personalitete politike t\u00eb vendeve q\u00eb vizitoi. Argumentet q\u00eb ai solli, se shqiptar\u00ebt do t\u2019i mbronin me arm\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat e tyre komb\u00ebtare, n\u00eb rast se Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha do t\u00eb merrnin nj\u00eb vendim t\u00eb prer\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me l\u00ebshimin e Epirit n\u00eb favor t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb, lan\u00eb kudo nj\u00eb p\u00ebrshtypje t\u00eb thell\u00eb. Mbrojt\u00ebsi m\u00eb i flakt\u00eb i pretendimeve greke, ministri i Jasht\u00ebm fr\u00ebng V. Vadington (Waddington), u detyrua t\u00eb pranonte se Franca nuk do t\u00eb ngulte k\u00ebmb\u00eb p\u00ebr zbatimin me \u00e7do kusht t\u00eb Protokollit nr.13 dhe se kufiri i ri turko-grek nuk do t\u00eb caktohej p\u00ebrfundimisht pa u d\u00ebgjuar edhe teza e shqiptar\u00ebve. Nj\u00eb premtim t\u00eb till\u00eb Abdyl Frash\u00ebri mori edhe nga kryeministri italian Depretis dhe nga ministri i Jasht\u00ebm britanik Solsb\u00ebri (Salisbery). Para se t\u00eb ktheheshin n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, gjat\u00eb q\u00ebndrimit n\u00eb Stamboll, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri e Mehmet Ali Vrioni i drejtuan sulltanit, m\u00eb 23 qershor 1879, nj\u00eb memorandum, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin i k\u00ebrkonin q\u00eb t\u00eb mos pranonte n\u00eb asnj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb zbatimin e Protokollit 13, pasi cop\u00ebtimi i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, thuhej aty, do t\u00eb sillte asgj\u00ebsimin e kombit shqiptar dhe kjo, nga ana e vet, do t\u00eb vinte n\u00eb rrezik vet\u00eb Perandorin\u00eb Osmane. Sikurse shkruanin autor\u00ebt e k\u00ebtij memorandumi, t\u00eb pes\u00eb Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Franc\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilat ata sapo i kishin vizituar, ishin tashm\u00eb t\u00eb prirura q\u00eb t\u00eb mos i jepej Greqis\u00eb tok\u00eb nga Epiri. Ata i k\u00ebrkonin sulltanit q\u00eb t\u00eb thyente k\u00ebmb\u00ebnguljen e Franc\u00ebs, duke k\u00ebnaqur Greqin\u00eb me m\u00eb tep\u00ebr toka nga ato q\u00eb i ishin premtuar n\u00eb Thesali. Trajtimi i mosmarr\u00ebveshjeve turko-greke rreth Protokollit nr.13 nga ambasador\u00ebt e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha zgjati gati dy muaj. Por k\u00ebto fuqi u treguan t\u00eb pavendosura p\u00ebr t\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb vendim t\u00eb prer\u00eb, ngurruan q\u00eb ta caktonin vet\u00eb kufirin turko-grek. Me propozimin e Franc\u00ebs, n\u00eb qershor 1879, ato k\u00ebrkuan bashk\u00ebrisht nga Perandoria Osmane dhe nga Mbret\u00ebria Greke q\u00eb t\u00eb rifillonin bisedimet dypal\u00ebshe rreth kufirit t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb ri. Konferenca e re turko-greke do t\u00eb zhvillohej n\u00eb Stamboll dhe do t\u00eb ndiqej s\u00eb af\u00ebrmi nga ambasador\u00ebt e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha t\u00eb akredituar pran\u00eb Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. Fakti q\u00eb Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha pranuan t\u00eb vihej n\u00eb diskutim Protokolli nr. 13, qe fitorja e par\u00eb diplomatike q\u00eb korri Lidhja Shqiptare n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. Por vendimi q\u00eb ato mor\u00ebn p\u00ebr rifillimin e bisedimeve turko-greke i nxiti shqiptar\u00ebt q\u00eb ta vazhdonin presionin e tyre si ndaj Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, ashtu dhe ndaj Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha. N\u00eb qershor t\u00eb vitit 1879, Lidhja Shqiptare deklaroi se nuk kishte hequr dor\u00eb nga vendimi i saj i m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar me arm\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm kund\u00ebr Greqis\u00eb, por edhe kund\u00ebr Stambollit, n\u00eb rast se do t\u00eb miratoheshin pretendimet e Athin\u00ebs n\u00eb Epirin shqiptar. P\u00ebr t\u2019ia paraqitur Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vendim, n\u00eb muajin gusht shkoi n\u00eb Stamboll nj\u00eb delegacion i p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, Mehmet Ali Vrioni dhe Vesel Dino. Nj\u00eb muaj m\u00eb von\u00eb, n\u00eb shtator 1879, K\u00ebshilli i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i Lidhjes Shqiptare, n\u00eb nj\u00eb mbledhje t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme q\u00eb zhvilloi n\u00eb Prizren, ripohoi vullnetin e mbar\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur trojet e saj p\u00ebrball\u00eb lakmive t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb formoi nj\u00eb Komitet t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga 37 an\u00ebtar\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb vazhduar p\u00ebrgatitjet e nevojshme ushtarake n\u00eb krahinat jugore.<\/p>\n Vendosm\u00ebria q\u00eb treguan shqiptar\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur trojet e tyre dhe rreziku i shp\u00ebrthimit t\u00eb kryengritjes kund\u00ebrosmane n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, e detyruan Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019i zvarriste p\u00ebrs\u00ebri nga nj\u00ebri muaj n\u00eb tjetrin bisedimet me pal\u00ebn greke, duke mos pranuar tez\u00ebn e Athin\u00ebs, e cila ngulte k\u00ebmb\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb si baz\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebto bisedime Protokollin nr.13. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, edhe Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha vijuan p\u00ebrher\u00eb e m\u00eb tep\u00ebr t\u00eb bindeshin se zbatimi i k\u00ebtij Protokolli nuk varej vet\u00ebm nga n\u00ebnshkrimi i Perandoris\u00eb Osmane dhe se aneksimi i Epirit nga Mbret\u00ebria Greke nuk mund t\u00eb arrihej pa luft\u00eb me shqiptar\u00ebt ose, si\u00e7 shprehej nj\u00eb diplomat fr\u00ebng n\u00eb n\u00ebntor 1879, pa nj\u00eb gjakderdhje t\u00eb madhe, e cila mund t\u00eb ishte fatale p\u00ebr Greqin\u00eb. K\u00ebshtu, pas gati 10 muaj p\u00ebrpjekjesh, edhe Konferenca e Stambollit u shp\u00ebrnda pa asnj\u00eb rezultat. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha vendos\u00ebn ta merrnin vet\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb caktimin e kufirit turko-grek. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim ato thirr\u00ebn n\u00eb qershor t\u00eb vitit 1880 nj\u00eb forum nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, Konferenc\u00ebn e Berlinit.<\/p>\n Mbrojtja e Plav\u00ebs dhe e Gucis\u00eb (tetor 1879-janar 1880)<\/strong><\/p>\n Me revolt\u00ebn e armatosur t\u00eb Gjakov\u00ebs dhe me aksionin diplomatik t\u00eb pranver\u00ebs s\u00eb vitit 1879, Lidhja Shqiptare ia hoqi Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb de facto t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb fliste n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, me q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e saj energjike, ajo b\u00ebri q\u00eb t\u00eb zvarriteshin e t\u00eb mos zbatoheshin menj\u00ebher\u00eb dy vendimet e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit, q\u00eb cenonin interesat komb\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, nj\u00ebri n\u00eb favor t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi (neni 28 i Traktatit) dhe tjetri n\u00eb dobi t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb (Protokolli nr. 13 i Kongresit).<\/p>\n Megjithat\u00eb Lidhja e Prizrenit nuk e kishte plot\u00ebsuar ende p\u00ebrfundimisht programin e saj. As gjasht\u00eb Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha nuk ishin t\u00eb prirura t\u2019i anulonin vendimet q\u00eb kishin marr\u00eb n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit, as dy shtetet fqinje ballkanike nuk kishin nd\u00ebrmend t\u00eb hiqnin dor\u00eb nga viset q\u00eb u kishin premtuar Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha. Si rrjedhim, lufta p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e trojeve shqiptare ende nuk kishte marr\u00eb fund, p\u00ebrkundrazi, parashikohej q\u00eb ajo t\u00eb merrte trajta t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjakshme. Pas vrasjes n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb t\u00eb mareshal Mehmet Ali pash\u00ebs, Porta e Lart\u00eb u dha t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha se e kishte tep\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushte kundrejt Malit t\u00eb Zi detyrimet territoriale q\u00eb rridhnin nga Traktati i Berlinit. Por knjaz Nikolla nuk donte t\u00eb dinte p\u00ebr asnj\u00eb justifikim. Nga frika se me kalimin e koh\u00ebs mund t\u00eb ndryshonin rrethanat nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare n\u00eb d\u00ebm t\u00eb saj, Cetina k\u00ebrkonte vazhdimisht nd\u00ebrhyrjen e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha p\u00ebr ta detyruar Perandorin\u00eb Osmane t\u00eb dor\u00ebzonte sa m\u00eb par\u00eb krahinat e Podgoric\u00ebs, t\u00eb Shpuz\u00ebs, t\u00eb Zhabjakut, t\u00eb Plav\u00ebs, t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb e t\u00eb Rugov\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilat Kongresi i Berlinit ia kishte dh\u00ebn\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, si kund\u00ebrpesh\u00eb ajo po e vononte dor\u00ebzimin e Ulqinit, t\u00eb Dinoshit dhe t\u00eb Bregut t\u00eb Bun\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilat i mbante t\u00eb pushtuara qysh nga koha e luft\u00ebs, por q\u00eb sipas Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit duhej t\u2019i ktheheshin Perandoris\u00eb Osmane.<\/p>\n Presionin m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb ndaj Perandoris\u00eb Osmane e ushtroi Rusia cariste, e cila vijoi ta kusht\u00ebzonte t\u00ebrheqjen e ushtrive t\u00eb saj pushtuese nga Traka me dor\u00ebzimin e krahinave q\u00eb i qen\u00eb premtuar Malit t\u00eb Zi. Fuqit\u00eb e tjera t\u00eb M\u00ebdha u bashkuan me presionin carist, pasi e shikonin me shqet\u00ebsim q\u00ebndrimin e m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb ushtrive ruse n\u00eb af\u00ebrsi t\u00eb Stambollit. K\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 1878, Porta e Lart\u00eb vendosi t\u2019i zbatonte detyrimet territoriale kundrejt Malit t\u00eb Zi. Vendimi i Stambollit ngriti p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt. P\u00ebr t\u00eb shqyrtuar gjendjen e re u mblodh menj\u00ebher\u00eb, n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb janarit 1879, Komiteti Komb\u00ebtar i Lidhjes, i cili ripohoi q\u00ebndrimin e vet t\u00eb caktuar m\u00eb par\u00eb. Sipas k\u00ebsaj vije, Lidhja e Prizrenit nuk do ta pengonte dor\u00ebzimin e Podgoric\u00ebs, t\u00eb Shpuz\u00ebs e t\u00eb Zhabjakut, pasi ato banoheshin nga popullsi t\u00eb p\u00ebrziera sllavo-shqiptare, por do ta kund\u00ebrshtonte me arm\u00eb l\u00ebshimin e Plav\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb, popullsia e t\u00eb cilave ishte n\u00eb mas\u00ebn d\u00ebrrmuese shqiptare. Vendimin e Komitetit Komb\u00ebtar e miratuan t\u00eb dy komitetet nd\u00ebrkrahinore t\u00eb vilajeteve t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilat po n\u00eb janar 1879 mblodh\u00ebn kuvendet e tyre t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme, pothuajse n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb q\u00eb zhvilloi punimet e veta edhe Kuvendi Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i Prevez\u00ebs. Meqen\u00ebse Plava e Gucia b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb vilajetin e Kosov\u00ebs, barr\u00ebn e drejtimit dhe t\u00eb organizimit t\u00eb luft\u00ebs p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e tyre e mori p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr Komiteti Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i Prizrenit, i cili nga ana e vet formoi nj\u00eb shtab ushtarak t\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebm, me Ali pash\u00eb Gucin\u00eb n\u00eb krye.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrkaq u mblodh n\u00eb fshatin Virpazar, n\u00eb af\u00ebrsi t\u00eb liqenit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, komisioni turko-malazez, i cili m\u00eb 2 shkurt 1879 n\u00ebnshkroi marr\u00ebveshjen dypal\u00ebshe p\u00ebr formalitetet e dor\u00ebzimit brenda nj\u00eb jave t\u00eb krahinave t\u00eb vilajetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, q\u00eb i takonin nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebs sipas Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit. Nga frika e kryengritjes s\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve, Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk pranoi ta p\u00ebrfshinte n\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje dor\u00ebzimin e Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb, duke e l\u00ebn\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e tyre p\u00ebr t\u2019u zgjidhur m\u00eb von\u00eb. Sipas marr\u00ebveshjes, dor\u00ebzimi i Podgoric\u00ebs, i Shpuz\u00ebs dhe i Zhabjakut nga ana e autoriteteve turke u krye pa v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi. Po ashtu u b\u00eb edhe dor\u00ebzimi i Ulqinit, i Dinoshit dhe i Bregut t\u00eb Bun\u00ebs nga ana e autoriteteve malazeze.<\/p>\n Por Mali i Zi nuk deshi ta linte pun\u00ebn t\u00eb zgjatej m\u00eb tej. Knjaz Nikolla iu drejtua menj\u00ebher\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, duke k\u00ebrkuar prej tyre q\u00eb ta detyronin Perandorin\u00eb Osmane t\u2019ia dor\u00ebzonte dy krahinat shqiptare (Plav\u00ebn dhe Gucin\u00eb) Malit t\u00eb Zi. Nga ana e vet Porta e Lart\u00eb u k\u00ebrkoi Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonin n\u00eb Plav\u00eb e n\u00eb Guci nj\u00eb Komision Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar p\u00ebr t\u2019u bindur p\u00ebr v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb gjente te shqiptar\u00ebt e eg\u00ebrsuar nga padrejt\u00ebsit\u00eb e Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb tij ato d\u00ebrguan Komisionin Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar p\u00ebr caktimin e vij\u00ebs s\u00eb kufirit, t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb gjasht\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha dhe t\u00eb dy shteteve t\u00eb interesuara. Komisioni filloi nga puna n\u00eb maj 1879 dhe p\u00ebr disa muaj me radh\u00eb u mor me caktimin e pikave t\u00eb kufirit turko-malazez n\u00eb vilajetin e Shkodr\u00ebs. Por gjat\u00eb ver\u00ebs, kur Komisioni Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar donte t\u00eb shkonte n\u00eb Plav\u00eb e n\u00eb Guci, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Prizrenit u paraqit\u00ebn Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, m\u00eb 22 gusht 1879, nj\u00eb not\u00eb me shkrim, me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn deklaronin se nuk do t\u00eb njihnin asnj\u00eb ndryshim t\u00eb kufirit me Malin e Zi pa pjes\u00ebmarrjen n\u00eb Komisionin Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar t\u00eb krer\u00ebve t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare dhe pa u miratuar vendimet e tij nga e \u201cgjith\u00eb\u201d Shqip\u00ebria. Pas k\u00ebsaj note t\u00eb rrept\u00eb, Komisioni Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar e nd\u00ebrpreu pun\u00ebn e vet, pezulloi udh\u00ebtimin e tij p\u00ebr n\u00eb Plav\u00eb e n\u00eb Guci. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb rast filluan p\u00ebrs\u00ebri protestat e Malit t\u00eb Zi dhe nd\u00ebrhyrjet e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha p\u00ebr ta detyruar Perandorin\u00eb Osmane q\u00eb ta zgjidhte sa m\u00eb par\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb. Porta e Lart\u00eb provoi t\u2019i bindte banor\u00ebt e dy krahinave kufitare q\u00eb t\u00eb hiqnin dor\u00eb nga q\u00ebndresa e m\u00ebtejshme, duke u premtuar familjeve, q\u00eb nuk d\u00ebshironin t\u00eb jetonin n\u00ebn sundimin malazez, se do t\u2019u jepte tok\u00eb n\u00eb vendbanime t\u00eb reja dhe se do t\u2019i \u00e7lironte nga taksat p\u00ebr dhjet\u00eb vjet. Por shqiptar\u00ebt nuk u l\u00ebkund\u00ebn nga vendimi i tyre. At\u00ebher\u00eb knjaz Nikolla filloi t\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnonte se do ta zgjidhte k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje me an\u00ebn e luft\u00ebs s\u00eb armatosur dhe se n\u00eb nj\u00eb rast t\u00eb till\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb aneksonte vet\u00ebm Plav\u00ebn e Gucin\u00eb, por edhe vise t\u00eb tjera shqiptare.<\/p>\n N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana, marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet shqiptaro-malazeze erdh\u00ebn duke u keq\u00ebsuar vazhdimisht. Gjat\u00eb muajit tetor 1879 Mali i Zi filloi p\u00ebrqendrimin e ushtrive n\u00eb kufi, duke e \u00e7uar numrin e tyre n\u00eb 5 600 veta. K\u00ebtyre masave Lidhja e Prizrenit iu p\u00ebrgjigj duke v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb gatishm\u00ebri luftarake forcat e saj t\u00eb armatosura. Sipas vendimit q\u00eb K\u00ebshilli i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i Lidhjes kishte marr\u00eb m\u00eb 3 tetor 1879, Komisioni Ushtarak a Shtabi Ushtarak, n\u00ebn kryesin\u00eb e Ali pash\u00eb Gucis\u00eb, i krijuar nga Komiteti Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i Lidhjes Shqiptare p\u00ebr Kosov\u00ebn, shpalli p\u00ebr zon\u00ebn e Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb gjendjen e luft\u00ebs. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb burrat plavian\u00eb e gucian\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00eb p\u00ebr arm\u00eb u shpall\u00ebn luft\u00ebtar\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin n\u00eb gatishm\u00ebri n\u00eb sht\u00ebpit\u00eb e tyre. Po n\u00eb tetor 2 mij\u00eb gjakovar\u00eb t\u00eb armatosur u nis\u00ebn p\u00ebr n\u00eb Guci. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb tetorit mb\u00ebrrit\u00ebn k\u00ebtu edhe vullnetar\u00eb nga Shkodra e Mal\u00ebsia.<\/p>\n Porta e Lart\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00ebnjanuar konfliktin e armatosur, i propozoi Cetin\u00ebs q\u00eb n\u00eb vend t\u00eb krahinave shqiptare t\u00eb Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb t\u2019i jepte disa vise sllave t\u00eb Hercegovin\u00ebs. Por propozimin e Stambollit, t\u00eb cilin e kund\u00ebrshtoi Austro-Hungaria, nuk e pranoi as Mali i Zi. Pas disa ndeshjeve sporadike kufitare, q\u00eb ndodh\u00ebn gjat\u00eb tetorit, knjaz Nikolla vendosi m\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb kalonte n\u00eb sulme t\u00eb hapura. M\u00eb 31 tetor dhe 1 n\u00ebntor 1879 forcat malazeze, duke dashur t\u00eb t\u00ebrheqin v\u00ebmendjen e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha dhe, nj\u00ebherazi, t\u00eb matnin pulsin e shqiptar\u00ebve, kryen dy inkursione kund\u00ebr vij\u00ebs mbrojt\u00ebse t\u00eb forcave t\u00eb Lidhjes, t\u00eb parin n\u00eb fshatin Pepaj dhe t\u00eb dytin n\u00eb fshatin Arzhanic\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb fundit vran\u00eb n\u00eb befasi 30 fshatar\u00eb dhe dogj\u00ebn mjaft sht\u00ebpi, por pas disa or\u00eb luftimesh u d\u00ebbuan nga forcat e Lidhjes. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb k\u00ebto qen\u00eb sulme demonstrative, t\u00eb cilat shqiptar\u00ebt i p\u00ebrballuan pa ndonj\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi. Edhe pse d\u00ebshtoi, sulmi malazez nxiti nj\u00eb val\u00eb t\u00eb madhe mobilizimi n\u00eb t\u00eb kat\u00ebr an\u00ebt e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Me mij\u00ebra vullnetar\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb vrapuan n\u00eb krahinat e Gjakov\u00ebs, t\u00eb Pej\u00ebs, t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs e t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs. Gatishm\u00ebria e shqiptar\u00ebve qe aq masive, sa Shtabi Ushtarak i Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit, i vendosur n\u00eb Guci, u detyrua t\u00eb pengonte nisjen e tyre drejt frontit, pasi nuk ua ndiente nevoj\u00ebn dhe nuk kishte mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u2019i sistemuar.<\/p>\n N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb muajit dhjetor forcat kryesore malazeze qen\u00eb rreshtuar gjat\u00eb vij\u00ebs kufitare, n\u00eb fshatrat Murin\u00eb, Pepaj, Arzhanic\u00eb e Velik\u00eb, kurse forcat shqiptare p\u00ebrball\u00eb tyre n\u00eb fshatrat Guci, Kolenivic\u00eb, Martinaj, Plav\u00eb e Nokshiq. Midis forcave malazeze dhe shqiptare n\u00eb sektorin verilindor kalonte lumi Lim vet\u00ebm me nj\u00eb ur\u00eb prej druri. Zona malazeze ishte kryesisht malore, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb at\u00eb shqiptare dominonte pllaja e Plav\u00ebs.<\/p>\n M\u00eb 4 dhjetor 1879, pjesa m\u00eb e mir\u00eb e ushtris\u00eb malazeze prej 4 mij\u00eb ushtar\u00ebsh, n\u00ebn komand\u00ebn e Mark Milanit, nd\u00ebrmori nj\u00eb sulm t\u00eb furish\u00ebm n\u00eb sektorin e Nokshiqit, n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb. Shtabi ushtarak i Lidhjes, i p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga Ali pash\u00eb Gucia (kryetar), Jakup Ferri, Sulejman Vokshi, Haxhi Zeka,Kadri Bajri (Bajraktari i Rugovs),Mal Dula [Bajraktari i Byty\u00e7it], Filip \u00c7eka, Jusuf Sokoli e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, midis t\u00eb cil\u00ebve kishte edhe disa oficer\u00eb t\u00eb karrier\u00ebs, u p\u00ebrgjigj duke hedhur n\u00eb sulm rreth 2 mij\u00eb luft\u00ebtar\u00eb. Luftimet m\u00eb t\u00eb ashpra u b\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb lugin\u00ebn e Nokshiqit, ku u angazhuan forca t\u00eb shumta malazeze. Luft\u00ebtar\u00ebt u p\u00ebrlesh\u00ebn aq ashp\u00ebr me nj\u00ebri-tjetrin, sa q\u00eb t\u00eb dy pal\u00ebt lan\u00eb m\u00ebnjan\u00eb hutat dhe nxor\u00ebn jatagan\u00ebt, duke u p\u00ebrleshur trup me trup. P\u00ebrleshja vazhdoi disa or\u00eb me radh\u00eb. Forcat vullnetare t\u00eb Lidhjes ndal\u00ebn sulmin e ushtris\u00eb malazeze dhe i shkaktuan asaj disfat\u00eb n\u00eb Nokshiq, duke e detyruar t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqej brenda kufijve t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi. Edhe pse t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat p\u00ebr humbjet e t\u00eb dy pal\u00ebve jan\u00eb kontradiktore, mund t\u00eb nxirret si p\u00ebrfundim se nga malazez\u00ebt pati 300 t\u00eb vrar\u00eb e t\u00eb mbytur n\u00eb lum\u00eb gjat\u00eb t\u00ebrheqjes, nd\u00ebrsa nga shqiptar\u00ebt 300-400 veta. N\u00eb k\u00ebto luftime u vra edhe nj\u00eb nga komandant\u00ebt e shquar t\u00eb ushtris\u00eb s\u00eb Lidhjes, Jakup Ferri.<\/p>\n Vendosm\u00ebria e shqiptar\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb q\u00ebndruar deri n\u00eb fund dhe k\u00ebmb\u00ebngulja e Cetin\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb vazhduar m\u00eb tej luft\u00ebn alarmuan si Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, ashtu edhe Perandorin\u00eb Osmane. Nga frika e nd\u00ebrlikimeve t\u00eb reja, Porta e Lart\u00eb vendosi ta zgjidhte me \u00e7do kusht dor\u00ebzimin e dy krahinave kufitare. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim ajo nisi menj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb mareshal Ahmet Muhtar pash\u00ebn, i cili at\u00eb koh\u00eb ishte komandanti i Armat\u00ebs osmane t\u00eb Rumelis\u00eb me qend\u00ebr n\u00eb Manastir. Mareshali, i shoq\u00ebruar nga 11 batalione (rreth 6 000 ushtar\u00eb), sapo arriti n\u00eb Prizren thirri n\u00eb takim an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e Komitetit Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Lidhjes p\u00ebr t\u2019i bindur q\u00eb t\u2019i n\u00ebnshtroheshin vendimit t\u00eb sulltanit. Por ata nuk pranuan. M\u00eb 14 dhjetor 1879 l\u00ebshoi nj\u00eb shpallje, me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn u k\u00ebrkonte shqiptar\u00ebve q\u00eb t\u00eb merrnin n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb gjendjen kritike t\u00eb Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb dhe t\u00eb mos pengonin dor\u00ebzimin e dy krahinave kufitare, pasi me q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e tyre po shkaktonin shkat\u00ebrrimin e Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, por as lutjet, as k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet nuk dhan\u00eb rezultat. M\u00eb 15 dhjetor 1879 u mblodh n\u00eb Guci Kuvendi i p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesve t\u00eb Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, i cili vendosi q\u00eb ta kund\u00ebrshtonte me arm\u00eb deri n\u00eb fund dor\u00ebzimin e kalas\u00eb s\u00eb Gucis\u00eb. \u201cNe, banor\u00ebt e Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb, – thuhej n\u00eb memorandumin e miratuar nga Kuvendi, – nuk i njohim traktatet e shteteve evropiane q\u00eb u japin malazez\u00ebve tokat e trash\u00ebguara nga prind\u00ebrit tan\u00eb. Ne do ta kund\u00ebrshtojm\u00eb me arm\u00eb dor\u00ebzimin e tokave tona\u201d.<\/p>\n Sipas porosis\u00eb q\u00eb kishte dh\u00ebn\u00eb Porta e Lart\u00eb, Ahmet Muhtar pasha mori masa ushtarake p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar vajtjen e vullnetar\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb n\u00eb Plav\u00eb e n\u00eb Guci. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim ai solli nga Mitrovica edhe 7 batalione t\u00eb tjera, t\u00eb cilat i vendosi n\u00ebp\u00ebr shtigjet e rrug\u00ebve. Pas k\u00ebsaj u nis p\u00ebr n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb, ku gjeti nj\u00eb gjendje m\u00eb t\u00eb acaruar se n\u00eb Prizren. Gjakovar\u00ebt e paralajm\u00ebruan se, po ta vazhdonte m\u00eb tej rrug\u00ebn drejt kufirit, do t\u00eb p\u00ebsonte fatin e Mehmet Ali pash\u00eb Maxharit. Kur pa se edhe Peja e kishte bllokuar rrug\u00ebn p\u00ebr n\u00eb Plav\u00eb e n\u00eb Guci, mareshali osman e nd\u00ebrpreu misionin e vet, hoqi dor\u00eb nga vajtja n\u00eb Guci dhe u kthye n\u00eb Prizren. D\u00ebshtimi i misionit t\u00eb Ahmet Muhtar pash\u00ebs e bindi p\u00ebrfundimisht knjaz Nikoll\u00ebn t\u00eb mos shpresonte m\u00eb as te nd\u00ebrhyrjet e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha. Si rrjedhim, ai vendosi t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerrte kund\u00ebr forcave t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare nj\u00eb m\u00ebsymje t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme, e cila u zhvillua jav\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb muajit janar 1880. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebsymje u hodh pothuajse e gjith\u00eb ushtria malazeze, 25 batalione me rreth 9 mij\u00eb veta, q\u00eb u rreshtuan p\u00ebrball\u00eb Plav\u00ebs e Gucis\u00eb.<\/p>\n Sapo u njoftua p\u00ebr p\u00ebrgatitjet ushtarake t\u00eb Cetin\u00ebs, Shtabi Ushtarak Shqiptar i p\u00ebrforcoi masat mbrojt\u00ebse. Me thirrjen e Lidhjes Shqiptare u mobilizuan mij\u00ebra vullnetar\u00eb nga e gjitha Shqip\u00ebria, nga Plava, Gucia, Peja, Prizreni, Gjakova, Shkodra, Dibra dhe nga krahinat m\u00eb t\u00eb larg\u00ebta t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Jugut. Por shtabi ushtarak i kryesuar nga Ali pash\u00eb Gucia, q\u00eb mori vet\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb drejtimin e operacioneve luftarake, p\u00ebrqendroi n\u00eb zon\u00ebn kufitare me Plav\u00ebn e Gucin\u00eb 4 mij\u00eb luft\u00ebtar\u00eb vendas dhe 3 mij\u00eb vullnetar\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, gjithsej 7 mij\u00eb veta.<\/p>\n Komanda malazeze kishte rreshtuar n\u00eb vij\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb frontit forcat vullnetare t\u00eb komanduara nga Mark Milani, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt do t\u00eb fillonin sulmin sipas taktik\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre tradicionale q\u00eb kishte pasur kurdoher\u00eb sukses p\u00ebrball\u00eb ushtrive osmane. Forcat malazeze ishin p\u00ebrqendruar n\u00eb nj\u00eb sektor t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb (Velik\u00eb-Pepaj), me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u2019i shpartallonin shqiptar\u00ebt q\u00eb me sulmin e par\u00eb, n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb Plav\u00ebs. Por Shtabi Ushtarak Shqiptar ua mori malazez\u00ebve n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb papritur iniciativ\u00ebn. M\u00eb 6 dhe 7 janar 1880 nj\u00ebsi t\u00eb vogla shqiptar\u00ebsh, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqnin v\u00ebmendjen e komand\u00ebs ushtarake malazeze, nd\u00ebrmor\u00ebn dy sulme n\u00eb verilindje t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi, nga ana e sanxhakut t\u00eb Novi Pazarit. Komanda ushtarake malazeze, duke kujtuar se shqiptar\u00ebt do t\u00eb vazhdonin t\u00eb sulmonin nga verilindja, p\u00ebr t\u2019u dal\u00eb forcave t\u00eb tyre prapa shpine e t\u00ebrhoqi ushtrin\u00eb nga zona jugore dhe e nisi drejt veriut. Duke p\u00ebrfituar nga kjo rrethan\u00eb, forcat shqiptare, t\u00eb rreshtuara n\u00eb sektorin e Plav\u00ebs, shp\u00ebrthyen m\u00eb 8 janar nj\u00eb sulm t\u00eb furish\u00ebm kund\u00ebr pozitave t\u00eb armikut q\u00eb ndodhej n\u00eb Velik\u00eb, n\u00eb Pepaj e n\u00eb Zhanic\u00eb.<\/p>\n Sulmin e nis\u00ebn luft\u00ebtar\u00ebt e Nokshiqit t\u00eb komanduara nga Kurt Asllani dhe Nure Kurti. M\u00ebsymja ishte e furishme dhe pas luftimesh t\u00eb ashpra e trup m\u00eb trup forcat malazeze, t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebra nga 4 mij\u00eb luft\u00ebtar\u00eb, u detyruan t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqeshin. Ushtrit\u00eb e Lidhjes, pasi thyen edhe nj\u00ebsit\u00eb malazeze t\u00eb komanduara nga Mark Milani, hyn\u00eb n\u00eb tok\u00ebn malazeze, shtin\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb Arzhanic\u00ebn, Velik\u00ebn e Pepajn dhe u drejtuan p\u00ebr n\u00eb Murin\u00eb. Luftimet m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjakshme u b\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb Velik\u00eb e n\u00eb Pepaj, prandaj p\u00ebrpjekja e 8 janarit mori emrin e tyre. Ushtria malazeze u t\u00ebrhoq n\u00eb Sutjesk\u00eb. Por Shtabi Shqiptar nuk kishte nd\u00ebrmend t\u00eb vazhdonte p\u00ebrparimin n\u00eb thell\u00ebsi t\u00eb tok\u00ebs s\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi. M\u00eb 9 janar ai urdh\u00ebroi forcat shqiptare, q\u00eb nuk has\u00ebn ndonj\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim nga ushtrit\u00eb malazeze, t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqeshin n\u00eb kufirin e vjet\u00ebr. Gjat\u00eb betej\u00ebs s\u00eb Pepajt e t\u00eb Velik\u00ebs, t\u00eb dyja pal\u00ebt pat\u00ebn d\u00ebme n\u00eb njer\u00ebz, por, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb ndryshme, ato t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi qen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb shumta. Shqiptar\u00ebt lan\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebto luftime edhe dy kapedan\u00ebt trima, Kurt Asllanin e Nure Kurtin.<\/p>\n Vrulli patriotik q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkoi luft\u00ebn n\u00eb Velik\u00eb e n\u00eb Pepaj dhe fitorja q\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt korr\u00ebn kund\u00ebr ushtrive malazeze m\u00eb 8 janar 1880, la p\u00ebrshtypje t\u00eb thell\u00eb n\u00eb opinionin nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar. Disa dit\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb, kryekonsulli austro-hungarez n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, Shmuker, i cili e ndoqi s\u00eb af\u00ebrmi zhvillimin e betej\u00ebs, i raportonte qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb vet: \u201cVet\u00eb malazez\u00ebt pohojn\u00eb se n\u00eb luft\u00ebn e Velik\u00ebs e t\u00eb Pepajt shqiptar\u00ebt luftuan burr\u00ebrisht dhe fituan mbi ta. Dhe me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, fuqia e Lidhjes (s\u00eb Prizrenit – sh\u00ebn. i aut.) e theu at\u00eb ushtri malazeze q\u00eb ka qen\u00eb kurdoher\u00eb e zonja t\u2019u b\u00ebj\u00eb ball\u00eb forcave turke. Shqiptar\u00ebt luftuan t\u00eb shtyr\u00eb nga ideja komb\u00ebtare\u201d. Pas k\u00ebsaj, opinioni publik evropian filloi t\u00eb interesohej p\u00ebr historin\u00eb e popullit shqiptar dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e tij komb\u00ebtare. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, disa publicist\u00eb kritikuan Kongresin e Berlinit q\u00eb nuk i kishte p\u00ebrfillur t\u00eb drejtat e nj\u00eb kombi aq trim dhe aq liridash\u00ebs, si\u00e7 ishte populli shqiptar.<\/p>\n Me fitoren q\u00eb korr\u00ebn n\u00eb Nokshiq, n\u00eb Pepaj e n\u00eb Velik\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt i dhan\u00eb t\u00eb kuptonte diplomacis\u00eb evropiane se Perandoria Osmane, sado q\u00eb po e mbante Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb prej pes\u00eb shekujsh n\u00ebn zgjedh\u00eb, nuk ishte zonj\u00eb e trojeve t\u00eb saj dhe se zot\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre trojeve ishin banor\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb.<\/p>\n Disfata q\u00eb p\u00ebsoi n\u00eb front e bindi qeverin\u00eb malazeze se ajo vet\u00eb nuk ishte n\u00eb gjendje ta thyente q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e Lidhjes Shqiptare me an\u00ebn e luft\u00ebs s\u00eb armatosur. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye knjaz Nikolla shpalli menj\u00ebher\u00eb se i kishte pezulluar veprimet luftarake n\u00eb kufi dhe se zbatimin e Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb po ua linte p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00eb dor\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha. Madje ai k\u00ebrkoi nga konsulli britanik n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr q\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhynte pran\u00eb autoriteteve qeveritare t\u00eb vilajetit, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb edhe shqiptar\u00ebt t\u2019i pezullonin veprimet e m\u00ebtejshme luftarake.<\/p>\n Mbrojtja e Hotit dhe e Grud\u00ebs (pranver\u00eb 1880)<\/strong><\/p>\n Fitoret e shqiptar\u00ebve kund\u00ebr ushtrive malazeze dhe jehona e tyre n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare pat\u00ebn pasoja t\u00eb thella n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Ato e p\u00ebrforcuan m\u00eb tej bindjen e shqiptar\u00ebve se tashm\u00eb ishin n\u00eb gjendje t\u2019i mbronin trojet e tyre jo vet\u00ebm pa ndihm\u00ebn e ushtrive osmane, por edhe kund\u00ebr vullnetit t\u00eb Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. Besimi q\u00eb fituan te forca e tyre e armatosur, e ngriti n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb vendosm\u00ebrin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar me arm\u00eb \u00e7do nd\u00ebrhyrje t\u00eb re t\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha ose \u00e7do orvatje t\u00eb re t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Stambollit n\u00eb d\u00ebm t\u00eb trojeve t\u00eb tyre amtare.<\/p>\n Pas disfat\u00ebs q\u00eb p\u00ebsoi n\u00eb Velik\u00eb e n\u00eb Pepaj, knjaz Nikolla iu drejtua p\u00ebrs\u00ebri Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha dhe k\u00ebto, nga ana e tyre, i b\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebri presion Perandoris\u00eb Osmane p\u00ebr ta \u00e7uar deri n\u00eb fund dor\u00ebzimin e Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb. Porta e Lart\u00eb u p\u00ebrgjigj se ishte e gatshme ta k\u00ebnaqte Malin e Zi, por jo n\u00eb Plav\u00eb e n\u00eb Guci. Duke par\u00eb vendosm\u00ebrin\u00eb luftarake t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve dhe paaft\u00ebsin\u00eb ushtarake t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi, Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha pranuan n\u00eb parim ta rishikonin vendimin q\u00eb kishin marr\u00eb n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb rast u b\u00ebn\u00eb disa propozime p\u00ebr ta k\u00ebnaqur Cetin\u00ebn me vise sllave n\u00eb veri ose n\u00eb jug t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi, por nuk u pranuan. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund nd\u00ebrhyri Italia, e cila, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet ambasadorit t\u00eb saj n\u00eb Stamboll, kontit Korti (Corti), sugjeroi q\u00eb t\u2019i jepeshin Malit t\u00eb Zi viset e Hotit e t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs s\u00eb bashku me nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb Kelmendit, t\u00eb cilat banoheshin gjithashtu nga popullsi shqiptare. Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha menduan se popullsia e k\u00ebtyre viseve, duke qen\u00eb katolike dhe jo myslimane, nuk do ta kund\u00ebrshtonte bashkimin e saj me Malin e Zi t\u00eb krishter\u00eb. Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk solli ndonj\u00eb penges\u00eb. Vet\u00ebm knjaz Nikolla, i bindur se do t\u00eb kishte p\u00ebrs\u00ebri telashe me shqiptar\u00ebt, protestoi rrept\u00ebsisht. Por m\u00eb n\u00eb fund, duke par\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00ebnguljen e t\u00eb gjitha Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, u detyrua t\u00eb p\u00ebrulej. K\u00ebshtu, m\u00eb 18 prill 1880, ambasador\u00ebt e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha miratuan propozimin italian, q\u00eb njihet me emrin \u201cvija Korti\u201d, p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb Plav\u00ebs e Gucis\u00eb, viset e Hotit e t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs. Dor\u00ebzimi i k\u00ebtyre viseve u vendos t\u00eb b\u00ebhej pas 4 dit\u00ebsh, m\u00eb 22 prill 1880.<\/p>\n Fakti q\u00eb Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, Perandoria Osmane dhe Mali i Zi u detyruan, pas 20 muaj p\u00ebrpjekjesh pa rezultat, t\u00eb hiqnin dor\u00eb nga vendimi i Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit n\u00eb lidhje me Plav\u00ebn e Gucin\u00eb, sh\u00ebnonte nj\u00eb fitore t\u00eb re diplomatike q\u00eb arrit\u00ebn shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. Protokolli i Stambollit, i n\u00ebnshkruar nga ambasador\u00ebt e tyre m\u00eb 18 prill 1880 p\u00ebr Hotin e Grud\u00ebn, ishte po aq i padrejt\u00eb sa edhe neni i Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit p\u00ebr Plav\u00ebn e Gucin\u00eb. Viset e Hotit e t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs, s\u00eb bashku me ato t\u00eb Kelmendit e t\u00eb Kastratit, ishin pjes\u00eb e pandar\u00eb e Mal\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe, kurse nga ana administrative vareshin nga vilajeti i Shkodr\u00ebs. Banor\u00ebt e tyre, krejt\u00ebsisht shqiptar\u00eb dhe me tradita t\u00eb lashta luftarake liridash\u00ebse, ishin bashkuar me Lidhjen Shqiptare t\u00eb Prizrenit qysh me themelimin e saj. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, m\u00eb 1 mars 1880, sapo arrit\u00ebn lajmet e para rreth propozimit italian, pra nj\u00eb muaj para se t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruhej Protokolli i Stambollit, krer\u00ebt e tyre, t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur nga banor\u00ebt e krejt Mal\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe, zbrit\u00ebn n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr dhe shpall\u00ebn se ishin t\u00eb vendosur t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtonin \u00e7do vendim q\u00eb do t\u00eb merrej n\u00eb d\u00ebm t\u00eb viseve t\u00eb tyre. N\u00eb mbledhjen e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt q\u00eb b\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, m\u00eb 1 mars 1880, krer\u00ebt e Hotit, t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs, t\u00eb Kelmendit e t\u00eb Kastratit miratuan nj\u00eb peticion drejtuar Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin deklaronin se do t\u00eb rr\u00ebmbenin arm\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur trojet e tyre, n\u00eb rast se Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha do ta miratonin projektin \u201cKorti\u201d.<\/p>\n Kushtrimi q\u00eb l\u00ebshuan banor\u00ebt e Mal\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe vuri n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje popullsin\u00eb e t\u00eb gjitha krahinave t\u00eb vendit. Gjat\u00eb atyre dit\u00ebve shqiptar\u00ebt, mysliman\u00eb e t\u00eb krishter\u00eb, u lidh\u00ebn m\u00eb shum\u00eb se kurr\u00eb me nj\u00ebri-tjetrin. Kudo u shpreh vendosm\u00ebria p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur Hotin e Grud\u00ebn deri n\u00eb pik\u00ebn e fundit t\u00eb gjakut. Shqip\u00ebria u p\u00ebrgatit k\u00ebshtu p\u00ebrs\u00ebri p\u00ebr luft\u00eb.<\/p>\n Meqen\u00ebse Hoti, Gruda, Kelmendi e Kastrati b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb vilajetin e Shkodr\u00ebs, barra e organizimit t\u00eb luft\u00ebs mbrojt\u00ebse i takonte Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb k\u00ebtij vilajeti. Qysh nga 25 marsi 1880, Komiteti Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i Lidhjes Shqiptare n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr ishte n\u00eb mbledhje t\u00eb vazhdueshme dhe filloi t\u00eb merrte masat e nevojshme ushtarake p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e Hotit e t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs. M\u00eb 3 prill 1880 u zhvillua n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr nj\u00eb kuvend krahinor, ku mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb qytetit e t\u00eb Mal\u00ebsis\u00eb. Kuvendi vendosi t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtohej me \u00e7do kusht l\u00ebshimi i Hotit e i Grud\u00ebs. Ai u d\u00ebrgoi nj\u00eb peticion Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin thuhej, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera: \u201cKemi vendosur q\u00eb t\u00eb derdhim pik\u00ebn e fundit t\u00eb gjakut para se t\u00eb hynim n\u00ebn zgjedh\u00ebn e nj\u00eb qeverie t\u00eb huaj. Ideja komb\u00ebtare na bashkon n\u00eb mbrojtjen e atdheut ton\u00eb\u201d. M\u00eb 11 prill 1880 Komiteti Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i Shkodr\u00ebs, ashtu si\u00e7 kishin vepruar edhe dy komitetet e tjera nd\u00ebrkrahinore, formoi menj\u00ebher\u00eb Shtabin Ushtarak t\u00eb vilajetit me detyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb merrte masat e duhura p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e Hotit e t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs. N\u00eb krye t\u00eb Shtabit Ushtarak u vu Hodo Sokoli, nj\u00eb kolonel i karrier\u00ebs. Midis an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb tij b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues nga qyteti, si Selim \u00c7oba, Filip \u00c7eka, Shaban Bushati, Zef Simoni, Selim Gjyrezi etj., por edhe mjaft krer\u00eb mal\u00ebsor\u00eb t\u00eb regjur n\u00eb luft\u00ebra, si Ded\u00eb Gjo Luli dhe Ismail Marku nga Hoti, Ismail Martini dhe Bazo Kurti nga Gruda, Nik\u00eb Gila dhe Nik\u00eb Leka nga Kelmendi, Shaban Elezi dhe Gjon Deda nga Kastrati etj. Komiteti Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i Shkodr\u00ebs i b\u00ebri thirrje t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb Bib\u00eb Dod\u00ebs, i cili deri at\u00ebher\u00eb nuk kishte marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb mbrojtjen e trojeve shqiptare, duke e em\u00ebruar, n\u00eb rast se do t\u00eb ishte i gatsh\u00ebm, n\u00ebnkryetar t\u00eb Shtabit Ushtarak.<\/p>\n Formimi i Shtabit Ushtarak u pasua nga gatishm\u00ebria q\u00eb treguan krahinat e ndryshme t\u00eb vendit p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar vullnetar\u00eb sipas zakonit nga nj\u00eb burr\u00eb p\u00ebr sht\u00ebpi, kurse viset e Mal\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe u zotuan t\u00eb mobilizonin t\u00eb gjith\u00eb burrat e aft\u00eb p\u00ebr arm\u00eb. Shtabet ushtarake, t\u00eb formuara n\u00eb vilajetet e Kosov\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs, njoftuan se ishin gati t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonin forcat e tyre vullnetare sapo t\u00eb ndihej nevoja. Por Shtabi Ushtarak i Shkodr\u00ebs, duke par\u00eb gatishm\u00ebrin\u00eb e masave popullore, i konsideroi t\u00eb mjaftueshme forcat luftarake t\u00eb mobilizuara vullnetarisht n\u00eb vilajetin e vet. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, Komiteti Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i Shkodr\u00ebs l\u00ebshoi nj\u00eb shpallje, me an\u00ebn e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs, pasi vinte n\u00eb dukje vendosm\u00ebrin\u00eb e mbar\u00eb vendit p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur trojet e atdheut, u k\u00ebrkonte vullnetar\u00ebve t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin n\u00eb gatishm\u00ebri, n\u00eb pritje t\u00eb zhvillimit t\u00eb ngjarjeve.<\/p>\n Zem\u00ebrimi e vendosm\u00ebria e shqiptar\u00ebve arriti kulmin pasi u n\u00ebnshkrua nga ambasador\u00ebt e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha Protokolli i Stambollit, m\u00eb 18 prill 1880, me emrin \u201cProtokolli mbi kufijt\u00eb e Turqis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi\u201d. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb rast u p\u00ebrs\u00ebrit\u00ebn protestat telegrafike drejtuar Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha dhe Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb filluan p\u00ebrgatitjet ushtarake. M\u00eb 19 prill u zhvillua n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr nj\u00eb miting i madh popullor, nj\u00eb nga manifestimet m\u00eb masive q\u00eb kishte par\u00eb qyteti deri at\u00ebher\u00eb. N\u00eb miting, midis entuziazmit popullor, Hodo Sokoli, n\u00eb nj\u00eb fjalim t\u00eb zjarrt\u00eb q\u00eb mbajti para mij\u00ebra qytetar\u00ebve dhe mal\u00ebsor\u00ebve, deklaroi nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, se p\u00ebrball\u00eb veprimeve q\u00eb po kryente Porta e Lart\u00eb n\u00eb d\u00ebm t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb territoriale t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar atdheun nga fatkeq\u00ebsi t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb do t\u00eb sillte sundimi i m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm i saj, shqiptar\u00ebt duhej t\u2019i k\u00ebpusnin lidhjet me Perandorin\u00eb Osmane dhe ta merrnin vet\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb fatin e atdheut t\u00eb tyre. Hodo bej Sokoli dhe pas tij 1 500 veta q\u00eb ndodheshin n\u00eb miting, hoq\u00ebn publikisht spaletat e uniform\u00ebs ushtarake e dekoratat e sulltanit dhe deklaruan se nuk do ta njihnin as at\u00eb, as Stambollin. Po at\u00eb dit\u00eb u nis\u00ebn p\u00ebr n\u00eb vij\u00ebn e kufirit vullnetar\u00ebt e par\u00eb qytetar\u00eb, rreth 1 500 veta, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt u bashkuan me mij\u00ebra vullnetar\u00eb mal\u00ebsor\u00eb q\u00eb kishin vrapuar nga mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e Veriut.<\/p>\n N\u00eb mbr\u00ebmjen e 21 prillit u nis\u00ebn nga Shkodra, duke lundruar n\u00eb liqen, disa dhjet\u00ebra anije me vullnetar\u00eb shkodran\u00eb, rreth 3 mij\u00eb veta, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt, s\u00eb bashku me Shtabin Ushtarak dhe komandantin e tij Hodo Sokolin, u vendos\u00ebn n\u00eb Tuz. N\u00eb 22 prill 1880, sipas Protokollit t\u00eb Stambollit, trupat turke u larguan nga kalaja e Tuzit dhe nga pikat e tjera q\u00eb i takonin Malit t\u00eb Zi. Por, ashtu si\u00e7 ndodhi n\u00eb Plav\u00eb e Guci, edhe n\u00eb Hot e Grud\u00eb forcat shqiptare i zun\u00eb k\u00ebto pika para se t\u00eb afroheshin ushtrit\u00eb malazeze. Gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb vij\u00ebs mbrojt\u00ebse qen\u00eb rreshtuar rreth 8 mij\u00eb vullnetar\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb, n\u00eb gatishm\u00ebri p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar p\u00ebrparimin e ushtrive malazeze.<\/p>\n Pak m\u00eb von\u00eb, ushtrit\u00eb malazeze, me rreth 10 mij\u00eb veta, arrit\u00ebn tek Ura e Rzhanic\u00ebs, pika m\u00eb e p\u00ebrparuar e kufirit t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr. Aty u ndesh\u00ebn me pararojat e ushtris\u00eb s\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare, t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebra nga disa qindra qytetar\u00eb e mal\u00ebsor\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt u b\u00ebn\u00eb thirrje t\u00eb ndaleshin, pasi banor\u00ebt e k\u00ebtyre vendeve nuk i njihnin vendimet e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha. Ushtrit\u00eb malazeze nuk u bind\u00ebn, por k\u00ebrkuan t\u00eb marshonin p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00ebzim kalan\u00eb e Tuzit. At\u00ebher\u00eb pararojat shqiptare hap\u00ebn zjarr kund\u00ebr pararojave malazeze. K\u00ebshtu, tek Ura e Rzhanic\u00ebs filloi m\u00eb 22 prill p\u00ebrleshja e armatosur nd\u00ebrmjet tyre.<\/p>\n Sapo shp\u00ebrthyen krismat e para, forcat vullnetare t\u00eb Mal\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe, n\u00ebn drejtimin e Ismail Markut e Baca Kurtit, u hodh\u00ebn n\u00eb sulm t\u00eb furish\u00ebm kund\u00ebr forcave kryesore malazeze q\u00eb ndodheshin n\u00eb Helm, n\u00eb breg t\u00eb lumit Cem. T\u00eb dyja pal\u00ebt luftuan me vendosm\u00ebri p\u00ebr disa or\u00eb rresht. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund ushtrit\u00eb malazeze u thyen dhe u t\u00ebrhoq\u00ebn p\u00ebr n\u00eb Podgoric\u00eb, duke l\u00ebn\u00eb disa t\u00eb vrar\u00eb e t\u00eb plagosur.<\/p>\n Fitorja e Rzhanic\u00ebs dhe e Helmit ngjalli entuziaz\u00ebm n\u00eb mbar\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb. Komiteti Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i Shkodr\u00ebs, duke parashikuar nj\u00eb sulm t\u00eb ri nga ana malazeze, vendosi t\u2019i mbante forcat luftarake n\u00eb kufi dhe t\u00eb siguronte arm\u00eb martina p\u00ebr vullnetar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb pajisur pjes\u00ebrisht me huta dhe pjes\u00ebrisht me jatagan\u00eb. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim u ftuan krahinat e vilajetit q\u00eb t\u00eb shtonin ndihmat financiare. Mbi shtresat e pasura t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs u shpall nj\u00eb tatim i jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm n\u00eb t\u00eb holla e n\u00eb drith\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana Preng pash\u00eb Bib\u00eb Doda, duke par\u00eb se me q\u00ebndrimin e vet t\u00eb l\u00ebkundur po cil\u00ebsohej nga opinioni publik si bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtor i Cetin\u00ebs, pranoi ftes\u00ebn e Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor p\u00ebr t\u00eb mobilizuar mirditor\u00ebt dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019i sjell\u00eb n\u00eb Tuz.<\/p>\n Pas luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Rzhanic\u00ebs, viset e Hotit e t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs, t\u00eb liruara nga ushtrit\u00eb osmane, por t\u00eb papushtuara nga ato malazeze, mbet\u00ebn de facto n\u00ebn sovranitetin e Lidhjes Shqiptare t\u00eb Prizrenit p\u00ebr 8 muaj, nga 22 prilli 1880 deri m\u00eb 28 dhjetor 1880, kur n\u00eb Tuz u rivendos administrata osmane. Me qeverisjen e tyre merrej Komiteti i Lidhjes Shqiptare p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn, q\u00eb kishte ngarkuar n\u00eb Tuz nj\u00eb Komision t\u00eb kryesuar nga Hodo Sokoli, i cili ushtronte pushtetin ekzekutiv si nj\u00eb institucion shtet\u00ebror i Lidhjes Shqiptare.<\/p>\n Menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas disfat\u00ebs q\u00eb p\u00ebsoi m\u00eb 22 prill 1880, knjaz Nikolla protestoi pran\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha dhe k\u00ebto m\u00eb 24 prill i drejtuan qeveris\u00eb osmane nj\u00eb not\u00eb kolektive, me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e shtr\u00ebngonin q\u00eb t\u2019i d\u00ebbonte forcat shqiptare nga kufiri p\u00ebr t\u2019u hapur rrug\u00ebn forcave malazeze. Por Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk e kishte m\u00eb situat\u00ebn n\u00eb dor\u00eb. P\u00ebrve\u00e7se nuk donte t\u00eb hapte konflikt me shqiptar\u00ebt, ajo nuk kishte as forca t\u00eb mjaftueshme n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbatuar k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha. N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb muajit maj, pas ardhjes s\u00eb forcave mirditore, n\u00eb vij\u00ebn kufitare numri i vullnetar\u00ebve u rrit n\u00eb rreth 9 mij\u00eb veta, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 7 mij\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve q\u00eb q\u00ebndronin n\u00eb gatishm\u00ebri n\u00eb sht\u00ebpit\u00eb e tyre p\u00ebr t\u2019u nisur n\u00eb luft\u00eb sapo t\u00eb l\u00ebshohej kushtrimi. Sipas njoftimeve q\u00eb kishte Shtabi Ushtarak, p\u00ebrtej kufirit q\u00ebndronin rreth 20 batalione malazeze me af\u00ebrsisht 9 mij\u00eb veta t\u00eb armatosur me martina dhe t\u00eb pajisura me topa e artileri. Morali i vullnetar\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb ishte aq i lart\u00eb, sa nga radh\u00ebt e tyre doli propozimi q\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerrej nj\u00eb m\u00ebsymje kund\u00ebr ushtrive malazeze p\u00ebr ta detyruar knjaz Nikoll\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb hiqte dor\u00eb nj\u00eb her\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithmon\u00eb nga lakmia e tij p\u00ebr trojet shqiptare. K\u00ebt\u00eb ide e p\u00ebrqafoi jo vet\u00ebm Hodo Sokoli, kryetari i Shtabit Ushtarak t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, por edhe Ali pash\u00eb Gucia, kryetari i Shtabit Ushtarak t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, i cili p\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr u zotua ta fillonte m\u00ebsymjen me forcat e veta nga Plava e Gucia, n\u00eb thell\u00ebsi t\u00eb territoreve malazeze. Nuk pritej ve\u00e7se miratimi nga Komiteti Komb\u00ebtar i Lidhjes Shqiptare. Por udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e tij, p\u00ebr t\u2019iu shmangur nd\u00ebrlikimeve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare q\u00eb do t\u00eb shkaktonte m\u00ebsymja shqiptare, nuk e pranuan propozimin e dy shtabeve ushtarake. Sipas tyre, presioni, q\u00eb ushtronte p\u00ebrqendrimi i forcave kufitare n\u00eb Hot e Grud\u00eb, ishte i mjaftuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u2019i detyruar Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha t\u00eb rishikonin Protokollin e Stambollit.<\/p>\n N\u00eb fakt lufta p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e Hotit e t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs pati jehon\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb jasht\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Interesimi i publikut evropian p\u00ebr konfliktin shqiptaro-malazez u rrit m\u00eb shum\u00eb. Pothuajse t\u00eb gjitha gazetat kryesore t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Per\u00ebndimore d\u00ebrguan ato jav\u00eb korrespondent\u00ebt e tyre t\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebm n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, shumica e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve u detyruan t\u00eb vinin n\u00eb dukje atdhetarin\u00eb e lart\u00eb q\u00eb frym\u00ebzonte q\u00ebndres\u00ebn shqiptare. Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha u bind\u00ebn p\u00ebrfundimisht se as Protokolli i Stambollit nuk mund t\u00eb zbatohej me an\u00ebn e presionit diplomatik. Anglia me Rusin\u00eb propozuan nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrje ushtarake t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt t\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha kund\u00ebr shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar n\u00eb kufi, por Austro-Hungaria me Gjermanin\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuan. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund fitoi q\u00ebndresa shqiptare. Pasi pranuan n\u00eb parim t\u00eb hiqnin dor\u00eb edhe nga Protokolli i Stambollit, Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha miratuan m\u00eb 15 qershor 1880 propozimin e Anglis\u00eb e t\u00eb Austro-Hungaris\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb Hotit e t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs, qytetin bregdetar t\u00eb Ulqinit s\u00eb bashku me rrethinat e tij. Heqja dor\u00eb e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha nga vendimi q\u00eb kishin marr\u00eb m\u00eb 18 prill 1880 ishte fitorja e tret\u00eb diplomatike q\u00eb korr\u00ebn shqiptar\u00ebt, brenda 6 muajve, n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. Por vendimi i Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha p\u00ebr t\u2019i l\u00ebshuar Malit t\u00eb Zi Ulqinin me rrethinat e tij shtroi p\u00ebrs\u00ebri detyr\u00ebn e ngutshme t\u00eb mbrojtjes s\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb atdheut, t\u00eb cilit po i shk\u00ebputej tani nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme dhe jetike.<\/p>\n L\u00ebvizja p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb<\/p>\n L\u00ebvizja kund\u00ebr administrat\u00ebs osmane gjat\u00eb vitit 1879<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Me gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimin e v\u00ebmendjes s\u00eb tyre kund\u00ebr rrezikut t\u00eb cop\u00ebtimit territorial t\u00eb atdheut, patriot\u00ebt nuk hoq\u00ebn dor\u00eb nga programi autonomist, nuk e lan\u00eb pas dore k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn p\u00ebr vilajetin autonom t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, q\u00eb u formulua n\u00eb rezolut\u00ebn e Kuvendit t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs, m\u00eb 1 n\u00ebntor 1878. Si qendra e Lidhjes Shqiptare, ashtu edhe komitetet e saj nd\u00ebrkrahinore e ngrit\u00ebn her\u00eb pas here me an\u00ebn e memorandumeve \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e t\u00eb drejtave autonomiste t\u00eb vendit. Nd\u00ebrsa Porta e Lart\u00eb, e vendosur p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos b\u00ebr\u00eb asnj\u00eb l\u00ebshim, vijoi ta zvarriste p\u00ebrgjigjen, n\u00eb shum\u00eb krahina t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb mori hov l\u00ebvizja popullore kund\u00ebr administrat\u00ebs shtet\u00ebrore osmane.<\/p>\n N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, n\u00eb viset shqiptare, administrata qeveritare e vilajeteve ishte paralizuar qysh n\u00eb ver\u00ebn e vitit 1878. Gjyqet shtet\u00ebrore nuk funksiononin. Qeveria e Stambollit, q\u00eb nga vera e vitit 1879, nuk kishte mundur t\u00eb nxirrte nga viset shqiptare as taksa dhe as nizam\u00eb. N\u00eb shum\u00eb raste nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e k\u00ebtyre taksave ishte vjel\u00eb nga organet e Lidhjes Shqiptare p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar luft\u00ebn mbrojt\u00ebse dhe sistemimin e muhaxhir\u00ebve. Rekrut\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb vinin nizam\u00eb n\u00eb ushtrin\u00eb perandorake, ishin regjistruar vullnetar\u00eb n\u00eb ushtrin\u00eb e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit. Deg\u00ebt e saj kishin filluar t\u00eb ushtronin n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb edhe funksionet gjyq\u00ebsore. Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb pajtohej gjat\u00eb me k\u00ebt\u00eb gjendje. E shqet\u00ebsuar nga rrjedha q\u00eb po merrnin ngjarjet n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, ajo u orvat n\u00eb pranver\u00ebn e vitit 1879 ta rivendoste autoritetin e saj n\u00eb viset shqiptare, duke rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbur n\u00eb k\u00ebto vise administrat\u00ebn e saj t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme. Por rivendosja e administrat\u00ebs s\u00eb vjet\u00ebr osmane shkaktoi reagimin e menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve. Ata e kund\u00ebrshtuan rrept\u00ebsisht urdhrin q\u00eb l\u00ebshoi Stambolli p\u00ebr t\u00eb vjel\u00eb taksat e reja dhe ca m\u00eb tep\u00ebr taksat e prapambetura jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr faktin se pagesa e tyre ishte nj\u00eb barr\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb p\u00ebr popullsin\u00eb e varf\u00ebruar nga lufta, por edhe p\u00ebr arsye politike. Fshatar\u00ebt e qytetar\u00ebt e quanin pa vend t\u2019i paguanin taksa Perandoris\u00eb Osmane q\u00eb nuk ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb mbronte trojet e tyre, madje, q\u00eb po tregohej e gatshme t\u2019i shiste, si\u00e7 shpreheshin ata, tek armiqt\u00eb e vendit. Q\u00ebndresa kund\u00ebr taksave mori p\u00ebrpjes\u00ebtime aq t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, sidomos n\u00eb vilajetet e Kosov\u00ebs e t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, sa tagrambledh\u00ebsit nuk guxonin t\u2019u afroheshin fshatar\u00ebve e qytetar\u00ebve. P\u00ebr ta shp\u00ebn\u00eb urdhrin e saj deri n\u00eb fund, Porta e Lart\u00eb i porositi valinjt\u00eb q\u00eb, po ta shihnin t\u00eb nevojshme, t\u00eb p\u00ebrdornin p\u00ebr vjeljen e taksave edhe dhun\u00ebn ushtarake. Por, si\u00e7 raportonte m\u00eb 7 qershor 1879 ministri serb n\u00eb Stamboll, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj porosie shqiptar\u00ebt e Prizrenit e t\u00eb Prishtin\u00ebs u revoltuan aq shum\u00eb ndaj qeveris\u00eb osmane, sa ishin gati t\u00eb rr\u00ebmbenin edhe arm\u00ebt kund\u00ebr saj. Si pasoj\u00eb e k\u00ebsaj q\u00ebndrese Stambolli u detyrua t\u00eb hiqte dor\u00eb p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht nga p\u00ebrdorimi i dhun\u00ebs n\u00eb vjeljen e taksave.<\/p>\n T\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn q\u00ebndres\u00eb ndeshi te shqiptar\u00ebt edhe orvatja tjet\u00ebr e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rekrutuar nizam\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Nizam\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb nuk iu p\u00ebrgjigj\u00ebn thirrjes n\u00ebn arm\u00eb ose, edhe kur u paraqit\u00ebn, u arratis\u00ebn sapo u pajis\u00ebn me arm\u00eb, duke deklaruar se do ta kryenin sh\u00ebrbimin ushtarak n\u00ebn urdhrat e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit. L\u00ebvizja p\u00ebrfshiu edhe nizam\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb rekrutuar gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb kaluara, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ndodheshin ende n\u00eb radh\u00ebt e ushtris\u00eb osmane. N\u00eb mjaft raste, ata q\u00eb kryenin sh\u00ebrbimin ushtarak jasht\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb i braktis\u00ebn repartet e tyre, sapo u formua Lidhja e Prizrenit. P\u00ebrpjes\u00ebtimi q\u00eb mori arratisja e detyroi Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019i mbante ata n\u00eb reparte t\u00eb dislokuara n\u00eb trojet shqiptare.<\/p>\n Hov t\u00eb madh mori sidomos l\u00ebvizja kund\u00ebr gjykatave shtet\u00ebrore osmane, q\u00eb urreheshin nga masat popullore p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb procedur\u00ebs s\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuar, t\u00eb ligjeve t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatshme, t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pakuptueshme dhe t\u00eb korrupsionit t\u00eb thell\u00eb q\u00eb sundonte n\u00eb to. N\u00eb mars t\u00eb vitit 1879, n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb, n\u00eb qendr\u00ebn e vilajetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, filloi agjitacioni nd\u00ebrmjet qytetar\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar krijimin e gjykatave popullore, t\u00eb pavarura nga pushteti qendror, t\u00eb cilat duhet t\u2019u p\u00ebrshtateshin kushteve dhe zakoneve t\u00eb vendit, pra t\u00eb ishin shqiptare nga ligjet, nga gjuha dhe nga gjyqtar\u00ebt. N\u00eb prill agjitacioni u shtri edhe n\u00eb fshat. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr krijimin e gjykatave popullore shqiptare mori form\u00ebn e nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizjeje p\u00ebr vet\u00ebqeverisjen e vendit, n\u00eb krye t\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs ishte v\u00ebn\u00eb Zija Prishtina, an\u00ebtar i Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit. N\u00eb maj t\u00eb vitit 1879 Zija Prishtina i paraqiti Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb peticionin e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb sanxhakut t\u00eb Prishtin\u00ebs, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn k\u00ebrkohej t\u00eb mos b\u00ebnte asnj\u00eb l\u00ebshim t\u00eb trojeve shqiptare, t\u00eb lejonte formimin e gjyqeve t\u00eb pavarura shqiptare dhe t\u00eb largonte ushtrin\u00eb nga Kosova. M\u00eb 12 maj 1879 sulltani lejoi q\u00eb n\u00eb sanxhakun e Prishtin\u00ebs t\u00eb formoheshin gjykatat shqiptare, t\u00eb cilat t\u00eb vepronin krahas gjykatave shtet\u00ebrore, duke ua l\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb shtetasve q\u00eb t\u2019i drejtoheshin, sipas d\u00ebshir\u00ebs, nj\u00ebr\u00ebs prej tyre. Por disa dit\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb, me zgjerimin q\u00eb mori l\u00ebvizja n\u00eb viset e tjera, ai u detyrua ta shtrinte k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb n\u00eb gjith\u00eb vilajetin e Kosov\u00ebs. L\u00ebvizja p\u00ebr gjykatat shqiptare, ashtu si edhe l\u00ebvizjet kund\u00ebr taksave shtet\u00ebrore e rekrutimit t\u00eb nizam\u00ebve, ndon\u00ebse u zhvilluan n\u00ebn hijen e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit, n\u00eb fillim pat\u00ebn karakter spontan e lokal. Por hovi i madh q\u00eb ato mor\u00ebn, t\u00ebrhoqi menj\u00ebher\u00eb v\u00ebmendjen e organeve udh\u00ebheq\u00ebse t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit, t\u00eb cilat mor\u00ebn n\u00eb dor\u00eb drejtimin e tyre. L\u00ebvizja kund\u00ebr pages\u00ebs s\u00eb taksave dhe rekrutimit t\u00eb nizam\u00ebve u p\u00ebrhap k\u00ebshtu n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb vendit. K\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr gjykatat shqiptare u shtri n\u00eb vilajetin e Shkodr\u00ebs, kurse n\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs u thellua m\u00eb tej. Qysh n\u00eb maj, n\u00ebn drejtimin e deg\u00ebve t\u00eb Lidhjes, u parashtrua n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb e n\u00eb Pej\u00eb k\u00ebrkesa q\u00eb me krijimin e gjykatave shqiptare t\u00eb suprimoheshin gjykatat osmane. Madje, m\u00eb 19 maj 1879, Komiteti Komb\u00ebtar i Lidhjes vendosi ta shtrinte k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e vet\u00ebqeverisjes jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb institucionet gjyq\u00ebsore, por n\u00eb mbar\u00eb administrat\u00ebn shtet\u00ebrore t\u00eb vilajetit. Meqen\u00ebse Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk pranoi t\u2019i suprimonte gjykatat shtet\u00ebrore, Lidhja e Prizrenit shpalli bojkotimin e tyre. Popullsia u ftua t\u2019u drejtohej vet\u00ebm gjykatave shqiptare, madje u shpall\u00ebn nd\u00ebshkime kund\u00ebr atyre q\u00eb do t\u00eb trokisnin n\u00eb gjykatat shtet\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n Porta e Lart\u00eb u p\u00ebrpoq ta shuante l\u00ebvizjen popullore pa hyr\u00eb n\u00eb konflikt t\u00eb armatosur me shqiptar\u00ebt. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim ajo d\u00ebrgoi n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri emisar\u00eb dhe agjitator\u00eb t\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebm, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i p\u00ebrs\u00ebrit\u00ebn premtimet e zakonshme p\u00ebr reforma administrative. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb shkaktonin p\u00ebr\u00e7arje nd\u00ebrmjet udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsve t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare, ata e shtuan trysnin\u00eb ndaj qarqeve t\u00eb moderuara. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb mbledhjen q\u00eb K\u00ebshilli i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i Lidhjes mbajti m\u00eb 24 korrik 1879, vendosi me shumic\u00eb votash q\u00eb t\u2019i kujtonte Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb se shqiptar\u00ebt do t\u00eb detyroheshin ta p\u00ebrmbysnin vet\u00eb pushtetin lokal n\u00eb rast se Stambolli nuk do t\u00eb plot\u00ebsonte k\u00ebrkesat e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, atdhetar\u00ebt radikal\u00eb, duke mos pasur besim n\u00eb gatishm\u00ebrin\u00eb e Stambollit p\u00ebr reforma, k\u00ebrkuan ta thellonin m\u00eb tej l\u00ebvizjen popullore kund\u00ebr administrat\u00ebs osmane p\u00ebr ta detyruar sulltanin q\u00eb ta merrte parasysh rezolut\u00ebn e Kuvendit t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs. Porta e Lart\u00eb, pasi e zvarriti p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen p\u00ebr rezolut\u00ebn e Kuvendit t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs, deklaroi, n\u00eb ver\u00ebn e vitit 1879, se k\u00ebrkesat e shqiptar\u00ebve do t\u00eb zgjidheshin n\u00eb kuadrin e \u201cligjeve organike\u201d (reformave administrative) q\u00eb ajo detyrohej t\u00eb zbatonte n\u00eb territoret e saj evropiane sipas nenit 23 t\u00eb Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb deklarat\u00eb ajo linte t\u00eb kuptonte se nuk kishte nd\u00ebrmend ta ndryshonte ndarjen administrative t\u00eb vilajeteve q\u00eb ishte n\u00eb fuqi. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana qarqet atdhetare shqiptare e ngrit\u00ebn menj\u00ebher\u00eb z\u00ebrin, duke theksuar se zbatimi i nenit 23 t\u00eb Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit, pa bashkuar m\u00eb par\u00eb trojet e tyre n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, ishte nj\u00eb shkelje e hapur e t\u00eb drejtave komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Me nj\u00eb parashtres\u00eb drejtuar kryeministrit osman, m\u00eb 27 gusht 1879, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri k\u00ebrkonte q\u00eb n\u00eb kushtet aktuale t\u00eb mos zbatohej n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri neni 23 i Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb mos formoheshin komisione t\u00eb posa\u00e7me p\u00ebr t\u00eb hartuar reforma t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr \u00e7do vilajet. Q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria t\u00eb shp\u00ebtonte nga rreziku i asgj\u00ebsimit, q\u00eb ajo t\u00eb b\u00ebhej e aft\u00eb p\u00ebr veten e saj dhe p\u00ebr Perandorin\u00eb Osmane duhej, theksonte Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, q\u00eb reformat e nevojshme t\u00eb hartoheshin nga nj\u00eb komision i vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha trojet shqiptare, gj\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte paraprakisht bashkimin e t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebtyre trojeve (t\u00eb ndara n\u00eb 11 sanxhak\u00eb) n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, shtonte ai, ishte e domosdoshme q\u00eb ky komision i posa\u00e7\u00ebm t\u2019i studionte reformat e dobishme p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim me p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e Lidhjes Shqiptare t\u00eb Prizrenit.<\/p>\n N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana, kur u acaruan edhe marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet shqiptaro-malazeze dhe forcat e Malit t\u00eb Zi u vun\u00eb n\u00eb gatishm\u00ebri luftarake n\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, u mblodh n\u00eb Prizren, m\u00eb 3 tetor 1879, Kuvendi i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i Lidhjes Shqiptare, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin u trajtuan dy \u00e7\u00ebshtje themelore q\u00eb shqet\u00ebsonin vendin: q\u00ebndrimi q\u00eb duhej mbajtur ndaj provokacioneve ushtarake t\u00eb Cetin\u00ebs e p\u00ebrgatitjeve t\u00eb saj p\u00ebr luft\u00eb dhe zhvillimi i l\u00ebvizjes p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. P\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e par\u00eb nuk pati diskutime t\u00eb shumta. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb mendimi p\u00ebr t\u2019iu p\u00ebrgjigjur ushtrive malazeze me arm\u00eb, n\u00ebse ato do t\u00eb orvateshin t\u00eb merrnin me dhun\u00eb Plav\u00ebn e Gucin\u00eb. Diskutime t\u00eb shumta u b\u00ebn\u00eb brenda e jasht\u00eb Kuvendit p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e t\u00eb drejtave autonomiste t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Delegat\u00ebt e Kuvendit dhe veprimtar\u00ebt e l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare jasht\u00eb tij ishin t\u00eb mendimit q\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb her\u00eb Lidhja Shqiptare t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte jo si nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb me rezolut\u00ebn e Dibr\u00ebs (t\u00eb 1 n\u00ebntorit 1878) nj\u00eb \u201cVilajet Shqiptar\u201d, por nj\u00eb \u201cPrincipat\u00eb Shqiptare\u201d ose nj\u00eb \u201cRepublik\u00eb Shqiptare\u201d, me kryeqytet Manastirin, n\u00ebn suzerenitetin e sulltanit, duke i paguar atij nj\u00eb tribut vjetor. Nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb e till\u00eb, q\u00eb do t\u00eb \u00e7onte n\u00eb shk\u00ebputjen gati t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb nga Perandoria Osmane, u parashtrua nga p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e krahut radikal t\u00eb Lidhjes, nd\u00ebrsa pjesa tjet\u00ebr e delegat\u00ebve t\u00eb Kuvendit dhe e udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsve t\u00eb saj mendonte se, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb konfliktit me Malin e Zi, q\u00eb po trokiste n\u00eb der\u00eb, nuk ishte e volitshme q\u00eb n\u00eb ato dit\u00eb t\u00eb hyhej n\u00eb luft\u00eb kund\u00ebr Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana, delegat\u00ebt radikal\u00eb u t\u00ebrhoq\u00ebn nga k\u00ebrkesa e nj\u00eb \u201cPrincipate Shqiptare\u201d ose t\u00eb nj\u00eb \u201cRepublike Shqiptare\u201d dhe vendos\u00ebn t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb nga Stambolli \u201cVilajetin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d, pa b\u00ebr\u00eb asnj\u00eb hap t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm prapa. Por qeveria turke e kund\u00ebrshtonte edhe k\u00ebt\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb dhe, duke qen\u00eb n\u00eb dijeni t\u00eb punimeve t\u00eb Kuvendit, kaloi n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e forc\u00ebs ndaj tij. M\u00eb 13 tetor 1879 organet qeveritare t\u00eb Prizrenit vun\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim garnizonin ushtarak dhe e shp\u00ebrndan\u00eb mbledhjen e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm, pa i l\u00ebn\u00eb koh\u00eb atij t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundonte punimet e tij dhe t\u00eb miratonte rezolut\u00ebn p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse.<\/p>\n N\u00eb nj\u00eb nga seancat e para Kuvendi i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm arriti t\u00eb zgjidhte s\u00ebrishmi K\u00ebshillin e P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare. Kryetar i Lidhjes Shqiptare u zgjodh n\u00eb vend t\u00eb Sheh Mustafa Tetov\u00ebs (q\u00eb kishte z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibr\u00ebn) Haxhi Ymer efendiu (Prizreni), myderriz (profesor i s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs islame), p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebs i krahut radikal t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb n\u00ebntorit 1879, kur filluan sulmet e ushtrive malazeze n\u00eb sektorin e Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat u pasuan nga m\u00ebsymja q\u00eb ato zhvilluan n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb dhjetorit 1879 dhe n\u00eb jav\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb janarit 1880, l\u00ebvizja popullore kund\u00ebr administrat\u00ebs shtet\u00ebrore osmane ra p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht.<\/p>\n L\u00ebvizja autonomiste gjat\u00eb pranver\u00ebs 1880<\/strong><\/p>\n Mbrojtja me sukses e Plav\u00ebs dhe e Gucis\u00eb nga sulmet e ushtrive malazeze u dha zem\u00ebr rretheve atdhetare q\u00eb ta drejtonin v\u00ebmendjen p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e tyre me administrat\u00ebn osmane. Rastin p\u00ebr ta t\u00ebrhequr l\u00ebvizjen spontane popullore n\u00ebn flamurin e k\u00ebrkesave autonomiste e dha p\u00ebrs\u00ebri Porta e Lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n Menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas fitores q\u00eb korr\u00ebn shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Velik\u00eb e n\u00eb Pepaj, qeveria osmane shpalli reformat administrative (ligjet organike) q\u00eb do t\u00eb zbatoheshin n\u00eb zot\u00ebrimet e saj t\u00eb Gadishullit Ballkanik. Reformat u shpall\u00ebn pa krijuar asnj\u00eb komision lokal, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin flitej n\u00eb nenin 23 t\u00eb Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit, dhe pa e p\u00ebrfillur fare k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit p\u00ebr formimin e nj\u00eb vilajeti t\u00eb vet\u00ebm shqiptar. Sipas k\u00ebtyre reformave, n\u00eb viset shqiptare, t\u00eb cop\u00ebtuara nd\u00ebrmjet kat\u00ebr vilajeteve, do t\u00eb forcohej m\u00eb shum\u00eb se m\u00eb par\u00eb zgjedha politike, ekonomike, shoq\u00ebrore e kulturore e pushtetit qendror osman. Shqiptar\u00ebt nuk fitonin asnj\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb komb\u00ebtare; nuk kishin t\u00eb drejt\u00eb as p\u00ebr arsim n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare, madje as t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn t\u00eb quheshin \u201cshqiptar\u00eb\u201d, sepse Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk e njihte komb\u00ebsin\u00eb shqiptare. Karakteri burokratik i administrat\u00ebs s\u00eb vilajeteve forcohej, po ashtu edhe vart\u00ebsia e saj prej Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. N\u00eb reform\u00ebn gjyq\u00ebsore nuk kishte vend p\u00ebr gjykata shqiptare. Gjykatat e reja perandorake, edhe pse formalisht ndaheshin nga pushteti administrativ, mbeteshin organe t\u00eb pushtetit qendror osman. Sistemi fiskal dhe sh\u00ebrbimi ushtarak nuk prekeshin. Nga t\u00eb ardhurat buxhetore vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb e dhjeta u lihej k\u00ebshillave administrativ\u00eb lokal\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u shpenzuar n\u00eb vend dhe vet\u00ebm n\u00eb rast se t\u00eb ardhurat realizoheshin plot\u00ebsisht.<\/p>\n N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb me shpalljen e reformave administrative, Porta e Lart\u00eb e shtroi me forc\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e saj t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbledhur taksat e nizam\u00ebt e prapambetur; madje tani taksat e nizam\u00ebt ajo i k\u00ebrkonte p\u00ebr llogari t\u00eb tre vjet\u00ebve.<\/p>\n N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana, q\u00ebndresa popullore shqiptare kund\u00ebr administrat\u00ebs perandorake osmane hyri n\u00eb nj\u00eb faz\u00eb t\u00eb re. N\u00eb mjaft raste ajo u shpreh me sulme t\u00eb armatosura kund\u00ebr saj. Gjat\u00eb pranver\u00ebs s\u00eb vitit 1880 k\u00ebto sulme u drejtuan jo vet\u00ebm kund\u00ebr vjeljes me dhun\u00eb t\u00eb taksave, por edhe p\u00ebr pastrimin e vendit nga administrata shtet\u00ebrore e vilajeteve.<\/p>\n N\u00eb vilajetin e Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebrpjekjet e para t\u00eb armatosura nd\u00ebrmjet fshatar\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb dhe ushtar\u00ebve turq, q\u00eb shoq\u00ebronin tagrambledh\u00ebsit qeveritar\u00eb, u shfaq\u00ebn qysh n\u00eb muajin shkurt 1880. N\u00eb mars q\u00ebndresa e armatosur u shtri n\u00eb krejt rrethet e Prizrenit e t\u00eb Prishtin\u00ebs. N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb prillit u grumbulluan n\u00eb Shtimje gati 3 mij\u00eb fshatar\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb sulmuar Prizrenin dhe p\u00ebr ta z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar administrat\u00ebn osmane me organe shtet\u00ebrore shqiptare. Garnizoni turk i Prizrenit u doli p\u00ebrpara dhe n\u00eb fshatin Krushe sulmoi nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb tyre, por nuk i shp\u00ebrndau dot. P\u00ebr raprezalje autoritetet turke burgos\u00ebn 6 udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare. At\u00ebher\u00eb kryengrit\u00ebsit sulmuan Prizrenin, hyn\u00eb brenda n\u00eb qytet dhe pasi \u00e7liruan t\u00eb burgosurit, ia dor\u00ebzuan pushtetin Komitetit t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare. P\u00ebrball\u00eb k\u00ebtij aksioni t\u00eb armatosur garnizoni turk u detyrua t\u00eb q\u00ebndronte i mbyllur n\u00eb kala. Sulme t\u00eb tilla ndodh\u00ebn edhe n\u00eb sanxhak\u00ebt fqinj\u00eb t\u00eb Prishtin\u00ebs e t\u00eb Pej\u00ebs, ku pushteti lokal kaloi gjithashtu n\u00eb duart e deg\u00ebve t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare.<\/p>\n L\u00ebvizja autonomiste u shtri, ndon\u00ebse n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjes\u00ebtime m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla, n\u00eb mjaft vise t\u00eb vilajetit t\u00eb Manastirit e t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs. P\u00ebrkundrazi, n\u00eb vilajetin e Shkodr\u00ebs ajo u shpreh n\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb q\u00eb la p\u00ebrshtypje t\u00eb thell\u00eb si brenda, ashtu edhe n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. M\u00eb 9 prill 1880, kur popullsin\u00eb e vilajetit e kishte pushtuar vala e p\u00ebrgatitjeve ushtarake p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur Hotin e Grud\u00ebn, u mblodh nj\u00eb Kuvend i jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm i Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs. Pas dy dit\u00eb punimesh Kuvendi miratoi nj\u00eb rezolut\u00eb, me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn k\u00ebrkohej nga sulltani q\u00eb ky t\u2019i largonte ushtrit\u00eb turke nga Shqip\u00ebria dhe t\u2019u njihte autonomin\u00eb administrative mbar\u00eb viseve shqiptare t\u00eb bashkuara n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm. Ky vendim u p\u00ebrs\u00ebrit me ceremoni t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb mitingun popullor, q\u00eb u zhvillua n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr m\u00eb 19 prill 1880, me rastin e nisjes s\u00eb vullnetar\u00ebve t\u00eb par\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb Tuz. N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb majit Komiteti Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i Lidhjes e ktheu gazet\u00ebn qeveritare turqisht t\u00eb vilajetit, me emrin \u201cShkodra\u201d, n\u00eb nj\u00eb gazet\u00eb shqip dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb organ t\u00eb tij. N\u00eb numrin e saj t\u00eb par\u00eb shqip, q\u00eb doli m\u00eb 7 maj 1880, u botua nj\u00eb deklarat\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn thuhej se tani e tutje duhej t\u00eb merrte fund sundimi osman n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri.<\/p>\n Megjithat\u00eb ky sundim nuk mori fund dhe Lidhja e Prizrenit nuk e kishte ende n\u00eb duart e saj pushtetin politik t\u00eb vendit. Me fitoret q\u00eb ajo arriti n\u00eb saje t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes popullore n\u00eb pranver\u00ebn e vitit 1880, n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri u krijua nj\u00eb diarki (dypushtet) e ndar\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb dhe Lidhjes Shqiptare. Edhe Porta e Lart\u00eb kishte formuar tanim\u00eb bindjen se k\u00ebrkesa e autonomis\u00eb s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb kishte l\u00ebshuar rr\u00ebnj\u00eb n\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegjen e popullsis\u00eb shqiptare dhe kishte p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha trevat shqiptare. N\u00ebn trysnin\u00eb e k\u00ebsaj aspirate t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019u dh\u00ebn\u00eb fund k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb vazhdueshme t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit p\u00ebr krijimin e nj\u00eb \u201cvilajeti t\u00eb bashkuar t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d, qeveria turke, pas diskutimeve t\u00eb shumta q\u00eb u zhvilluan n\u00eb prill-maj 1880, m\u00eb 5 qershor miratoi vendimin p\u00ebr formimin e \u201cVilajetit t\u00eb Rumelis\u00eb\u201d, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin, si\u00e7 thuhej n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vendim, \u201cdo t\u00eb bashkoheshin vilajetet q\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb ai i Shkodr\u00ebs, i Kosov\u00ebs, i Manastirit dhe i Janin\u00ebs\u201d. Edhe pse ky do t\u00eb quhej \u201cVilajeti i Rumelis\u00eb\u201d, nuk do t\u00eb mbante emrin \u201cVilajeti i bashkuar i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d dhe do t\u00eb kishte n\u00eb krye nj\u00eb guvernator turk, Ejup Pash\u00ebn, krijimi i tij do t\u00eb sh\u00ebnonte nj\u00eb hap t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb bashkimin e tokave shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, prandaj u kund\u00ebrshtua nga Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, sidomos nga Rusia, n\u00ebn presionin e t\u00eb cilave edhe sulltani hoqi dor\u00eb nga ky vendim.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrkaq, atdhetar\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb vendosur shqiptar\u00eb arrit\u00ebn n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se tani ishin krijuar kushtet p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushur k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e autonomis\u00eb s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, hap i par\u00eb drejt s\u00eb cil\u00ebs do t\u00eb ishte pajisja e Lidhjes Shqiptare me atributet e nj\u00eb qeverie t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme. Kjo \u00e7\u00ebshtje u shtrua n\u00eb mbledhjen q\u00eb u mbajt n\u00eb Frash\u00ebr, n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb muajit qershor 1880. K\u00ebtu mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e krahinave t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb Juglindore, t\u00eb cilat administrativisht vareshin nga vilajetet e Janin\u00ebs e t\u00eb Manastirit (af\u00ebrsisht rrethet e sotme t\u00eb P\u00ebrmetit, t\u00eb Skraparit, t\u00eb Kor\u00e7\u00ebs e t\u00eb Kolonj\u00ebs). Midis \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb kishin t\u00eb b\u00ebnin me mbrojtjen e trojeve shqiptare, mbledhja miratoi edhe propozimin p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar nj\u00eb qeveri t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme p\u00ebr krejt Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, e cila t\u00eb merrte n\u00eb dor\u00eb administrimin e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendit. Qeveria do t\u00eb formohej nga nj\u00eb kuvend i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit, ku duhej t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e t\u00eb gjitha krahinave shqiptare. Barra kryesore e plot\u00ebsimit t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj detyre historike iu ngarkua Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit.<\/p>\n Fill pas mbylljes s\u00eb punimeve t\u00eb mbledhjes s\u00eb Frash\u00ebrit, Abdyli s\u00eb bashku me aktivist\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb atdhetar\u00eb u shp\u00ebrndan\u00eb n\u00eb viset e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb Jugore p\u00ebr t\u00eb popullarizuar iden\u00eb e qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme shqiptare. P\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb thirrej kuvendi i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i Lidhjes Shqiptare, u mendua q\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja t\u00eb shqyrtohej nga Kuvendi Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i vilajetit t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs. Kuvendi Nd\u00ebrkrahinor u vendos t\u00eb mblidhej n\u00eb Gjirokast\u00ebr pasi t\u00eb shiheshin p\u00ebrfundimet e Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Berlinit, e cila do t\u00eb fillonte punimet e veta s\u00eb af\u00ebrmi, m\u00eb 16 qershor 1880.<\/p>\n Konferenca e Berlinit dhe \u00e7\u00ebshtja shqiptare n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare (qershor-gusht 1880)<\/strong><\/p>\n Zyrtarisht Konferenca e Kongresi i Berlinit, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb ambasador\u00ebt e gjasht\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, n\u00ebn kryesin\u00eb e ministrit t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebm t\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb, princit Bylov (B\u00fclov), u mblodh p\u00ebr t\u2019u dh\u00ebn\u00eb fund \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve t\u00eb Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit, q\u00eb kishin mbetur pas dy vjet\u00ebsh ende t\u00eb pazgjidhura. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, dy qen\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjet e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb pazgjidhura dhe q\u00eb t\u00eb dyja ishin pasoj\u00eb e q\u00ebndres\u00ebs shqiptare: kufiri turko-grek dhe kufiri turko-malazez. Megjithat\u00eb, edhe pse shqiptar\u00ebt e kishin mbajtur n\u00eb tension dy vjet me radh\u00eb diplomacin\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha vijuan t\u00eb mos i p\u00ebrfillnin aspiratat e tyre komb\u00ebtare. Shqiptar\u00ebt nuk u lejuan as n\u00eb Konferenc\u00ebn e Berlinit q\u00eb t\u00eb parashtronin dhe t\u00eb mbronin interesat e tyre jetik\u00eb.<\/p>\n I vetmi mjet p\u00ebr ta \u00e7uar z\u00ebrin e tyre n\u00eb Konferenc\u00ebn e Berlinit qen\u00eb protestat dhe memorandumet. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim, n\u00eb t\u00eb kat\u00ebr an\u00ebt e vendit u organizuan p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00ebn drejtimin e organeve t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit mbledhje t\u00eb gjera popullore, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat u shpreh edhe nj\u00ebher\u00eb vendosm\u00ebria p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos lejuar asnj\u00eb cop\u00ebtim t\u00eb trojeve shqiptare n\u00eb favor t\u00eb shteteve fqinje. Nga t\u00eb kat\u00ebr an\u00ebt e vendit u hartuan, me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtje t\u00eb till\u00eb, nj\u00eb varg protestash, t\u00eb cilat iu drejtuan telegrafisht Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Berlinit. R\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb pat\u00ebn tri peticionet d\u00ebrguar ve\u00e7 e ve\u00e7 n\u00eb qershor nga Komitetet Nd\u00ebrkrahinore t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare p\u00ebr vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs, p\u00ebr at\u00eb t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs (i Prizrenit) dhe p\u00ebr vilajetin e Shkodr\u00ebs. N\u00ebnshkruesit e k\u00ebtyre akteve k\u00ebrkonin respektimin e t\u00eb drejtave komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb territoriale, vinin n\u00eb dukje padrejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e pretendimeve territoriale greke dhe pasojat q\u00eb do t\u00eb kishin shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00ebse ato do t\u00eb pranoheshin. N\u00eb peticione, me nj\u00eb ton diplomatik, shprehej besimi se Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha do t\u2019i merrnin n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve, por theksohej nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht, se ata ishin t\u00eb vendosur t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtonin me arm\u00eb cop\u00ebtimin e trojeve t\u00eb tyre amtare. Por krahas k\u00ebtyre protestave t\u00eb rrepta, qarqet atdhetare rilind\u00ebse u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u2019u t\u00ebrhiqnin v\u00ebmendjen Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha edhe ndaj problemit t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave autonomiste t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n K\u00ebt\u00eb radh\u00eb Porta e Lart\u00eb u ndodh m\u00eb ngusht\u00eb se her\u00ebt e tjera. Meqen\u00ebse Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha nuk i p\u00ebrfillnin shqiptar\u00ebt, gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsin\u00eb e \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve t\u00eb pazgjidhura t\u00eb Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit ia ngarkonin Perandoris\u00eb Osmane. Si rrjedhim, presioni i tyre p\u00ebr t\u2019u dh\u00ebn\u00eb fund k\u00ebtyre \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve n\u00eb favor t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb e t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi qe m\u00eb i fort\u00eb se kurr\u00eb. Por tani q\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri l\u00ebvizja autonomiste kishte marr\u00eb hov t\u00eb madh dhe autoriteti i Stambollit ishte dob\u00ebsuar shum\u00eb, Porta e Lart\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se kurdoher\u00eb e pati t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u2019u impononte shqiptar\u00ebve vullnetin e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha. Ajo ishte e nd\u00ebrgjegjshme se \u00e7do nd\u00ebrhyrje e saj ushtarake p\u00ebr t\u2019i detyruar shqiptar\u00ebt t\u00eb pranonin cop\u00ebtimin e trojeve t\u00eb tyre do ta ndizte m\u00eb keq flak\u00ebn e luft\u00ebs kund\u00ebrosmane n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, me gjith\u00eb presionin e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, ajo vendosi t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtonte n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb Konferenc\u00eb \u00e7do zgjidhje territoriale n\u00eb d\u00ebm t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve. Madje, p\u00ebr t\u2019i qet\u00ebsuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim, sulltani em\u00ebroi, n\u00eb pragun e Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Berlinit, minist\u00ebr t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebm t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane Abedin pash\u00eb Dinon, ish-an\u00ebtarin e Kryesis\u00eb s\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit.<\/p>\n Konferenca e Berlinit i filloi punimet m\u00eb 16 qershor 1880. Pothuajse t\u00eb gjitha \u00e7\u00ebshtjet q\u00eb trajtoi kishin t\u00eb b\u00ebnin me Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb. Midis tyre, ajo q\u00eb pati m\u00eb shum\u00eb debate ishte \u00e7\u00ebshtja e kufirit turko-grek. Prirja q\u00eb tregonin Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha p\u00ebr ta zmadhuar Greqin\u00eb, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb ta kishin si nj\u00eb ledh kund\u00ebr ndikimit rus n\u00eb Ballkan, e nxiti Athin\u00ebn t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte n\u00eb Epir m\u00eb shum\u00eb troje shqiptare se ato q\u00eb rekomandoheshin n\u00eb Protokollin nr. 13 t\u00eb Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit, jo deri n\u00eb lumin Kalamas, por deri n\u00eb jug t\u00eb Sarand\u00ebs, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe qytetin antik t\u00eb Butrintit. Por Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha k\u00ebrkuan ta k\u00ebnaqnin Greqin\u00eb n\u00eb sektor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, pasi, sipas tyre, prania e shum\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb Greke do ta dob\u00ebsonte fuqin\u00eb e saj. Perandoria Osmane kund\u00ebrshtoi si nj\u00ebr\u00ebn, si tjetr\u00ebn zgjidhje. P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesi i saj la t\u00eb kuptoj\u00eb edhe nj\u00ebher\u00eb se Porta e Lart\u00eb ishte e prirur p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb l\u00ebshime vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Thesalin\u00eb greke, por jo n\u00eb Epirin shqiptar. P\u00ebrfundimisht, Konferenca e Berlinit nuk b\u00ebri n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje asnj\u00eb hap p\u00ebrpara. Ajo miratoi propozimin e Franc\u00ebs p\u00ebr ta kthyer nga \u201crekomandim\u201d n\u00eb \u201cvendim\u201d vij\u00ebn kufitare Kalamas-Selemvria, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin flitej n\u00eb Protokollin nr. 13. Megjithat\u00eb vendimi ishte p\u00ebrs\u00ebri i cunguar, pasi nuk parashikonte asnj\u00eb mjet p\u00ebr ta detyruar Perandorin\u00eb Osmane q\u00eb ta \u00e7onte deri n\u00eb fund zbatimin e tij.<\/p>\n Konferenca e Berlinit nuk e trajtoi drejtp\u00ebrdrejt \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e kufirit turko-malazez, pasi kjo, sipas pik\u00ebpamjes s\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, kishte gjetur zgjidhje dy jav\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb. Por gjat\u00eb dit\u00ebve q\u00eb konferenca vazhdonte punimet e saj, ambasador\u00ebt e tyre n\u00eb Stamboll ia propozuan variantin e ri Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, duke ia l\u00ebn\u00eb asaj n\u00eb dor\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhte p\u00ebr t\u2019i dor\u00ebzuar Malit t\u00eb Zi ose krahin\u00ebn e Hotit e t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs, ose qytetin e Ulqinit me rrethinat e tij.<\/p>\n Edhe pse Konferenca e Berlinit nuk i p\u00ebrfilli interesat komb\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, lufta e masave shqiptare n\u00ebn udh\u00ebheqjen e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb territoriale dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar t\u00eb drejtat e saj autonomiste, tashm\u00eb kishte filluar t\u00eb b\u00ebnte jehon\u00eb edhe n\u00eb disa nga kancelarit\u00eb e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha. Kush m\u00eb shum\u00eb e kush m\u00eb pak, ato filluan t\u00eb bindeshin se l\u00ebvizja shqiptare nuk ishte, si\u00e7 kishin pohuar deri at\u00ebher\u00eb, nj\u00eb makinacion i Stambollit, se ajo ishte shprehje e protest\u00ebs s\u00eb nj\u00eb populli q\u00eb kishte aspiratat e veta komb\u00ebtare dhe se faktori shqiptar nuk duhej l\u00ebn\u00eb pas dore n\u00eb qoft\u00eb se d\u00ebshironin q\u00eb vendimet e tyre t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme t\u00eb viheshin me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, q\u00ebndrimi q\u00eb mbajt\u00ebn ndaj faktorit shqiptar nuk qe i nj\u00ebjt\u00eb. N\u00eb secil\u00ebn prej tyre ndikuan interesat e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb politik\u00eb dhe ekonomik\u00eb q\u00eb ato kishin n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Juglindore.<\/p>\n Q\u00ebndrimi m\u00eb i papajtuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare u duk midis Rusis\u00eb cariste dhe Britanis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe. Rusia vijonte t\u00eb mos e pranonte iden\u00eb e nj\u00eb shteti autonom shqiptar, p\u00ebr ta l\u00ebn\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb t\u00eb hapur rrug\u00ebn e p\u00ebrmbushjes s\u00eb aspiratave pushtuese q\u00eb ushqenin shtetet sllave t\u00eb Ballkanit. Anglia udh\u00ebhiqej nga parime t\u00eb kund\u00ebrta. Ajo donte, si edhe m\u00eb par\u00eb, forcimin e Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn, p\u00ebrve\u00e7se e kishte kthyer n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjysm\u00ebkoloni t\u00eb saj, vijonte ta shihte si nj\u00eb ledh t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar ekspansionin rus n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Juglindore. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, qeveria britanike ishte e prirur q\u00eb t\u2019u jepeshin shqiptar\u00ebve disa t\u00eb drejta autonomiste, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb ta \u00e7lironte Perandorin\u00eb Osmane nga telashet q\u00eb i vinin prej tyre, t\u00eb cilat \u00e7onin n\u00eb dob\u00ebsimin e saj. Nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrim t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebm mbajti Austro-Hungaria, e pasuar nga Gjermania. Edhe Vjena udh\u00ebhiqej nga synimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar ekspansionin rus n\u00eb Ballkan, por tani kishte filluar t\u00eb shqet\u00ebsohej edhe nga pavar\u00ebsia q\u00eb po fitonte L\u00ebvizja Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb nga fryma antiaustriake, q\u00eb kishte shkaktuar n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri vendosja e garnizoneve t\u00eb saj ushtarake n\u00eb hyrje t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, deri n\u00eb af\u00ebrsi t\u00eb Mitrovic\u00ebs. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim, Vjena nuk ishte p\u00ebr shtrirjen e t\u00eb drejtave komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb mbar\u00eb viset shqiptare, por vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb Veriore me popullsi t\u00eb dendur katolike, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ajo shpresonte ta mbante n\u00ebn kontrollin e saj n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet kultusprotektoratit. Gjat\u00eb dit\u00ebve t\u00eb Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb (Jongresi i Berlinit) ngadh\u00ebnjeu pik\u00ebpamja e Vjen\u00ebs. M\u00eb 26 qershor 1880 ambasador\u00ebt e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha n\u00eb Stamboll, s\u00eb bashku me variantin e z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimit t\u00eb krahin\u00ebs s\u00eb Hotit e t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs me qytetin e me rrethinat e Ulqinit, e k\u00ebshilluan Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb shqyrtonte mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e vet\u00ebqeverisjes administrative vet\u00ebm vilajetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Por disa diplomat\u00eb t\u00eb huaj, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt e ndiqnin nga af\u00ebr gjendjen e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, dyshonin se me k\u00ebt\u00eb zgjidhje Perandoria Osmane p\u00ebrs\u00ebri nuk do t\u00eb kishte qet\u00ebsi t\u00eb brendshme. Sikurse i raportonte qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb vet n\u00eb korrik t\u00eb vitit 1880 ambasadori anglez n\u00eb Stamboll, Goshen, dh\u00ebnia e autonomis\u00eb administrative vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr vilajetin e Shkodr\u00ebs, nuk i sh\u00ebrbente Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, as politik\u00ebs britanike n\u00eb Ballkan. \u201cKomb\u00ebsia shqiptare, – shkruante ai, – \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb element q\u00eb nuk duhet l\u00ebn\u00eb pa p\u00ebrfillur n\u00eb \u00e7do kombinim politik n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen. Edhe n\u00eb qoft\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb e parakohshme, un\u00eb do t\u00eb rekomandoja q\u00eb formimi i nj\u00eb province shqiptare t\u00eb bashkuar, t\u00eb mbahej t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn gjithnj\u00eb parasysh\u201d. Sipas diplomatit britanik, ishte n\u00eb interes t\u00eb Anglis\u00eb q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria t\u00eb b\u00ebhej e fort\u00eb dhe ajo mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhej e till\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00ebse bashkoheshin t\u00eb gjitha viset shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb provinc\u00eb t\u00eb vetme autonome. \u201cKy popull, – n\u00ebnvizonte Gosheni, – q\u00eb n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe \u00ebsht\u00eb mysliman, do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet burim v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsish nga m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhat\u00eb p\u00ebr vendet sllave e greke\u201d t\u00eb Gadishullit Ballkanik. Qeveria britanike e Gladstonit e p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsoi tez\u00ebn e ambasadorit t\u00eb vet, por Fuqit\u00eb e tjera t\u00eb M\u00ebdha q\u00ebndruan n\u00eb pik\u00ebpamjen e Vjen\u00ebs, e cila vijoi t\u00eb ngulte k\u00ebmb\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb autonomin\u00eb administrative vet\u00ebm vilajetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, madje as krejt territoreve t\u00eb tij, por kryesisht mal\u00ebsive katolike q\u00eb b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vilajet.<\/p>\n Megjithat\u00eb, \u00e7\u00ebshtja shqiptare tashm\u00eb kishte fituar t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e qytetaris\u00eb n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe nuk mund t\u00eb injorohej si m\u00eb par\u00eb nga Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha. Kjo u duk qart\u00eb n\u00eb mbledhjet q\u00eb zhvilloi gjat\u00eb ver\u00ebs s\u00eb vitit 1880 Komisioni Evropian p\u00ebr Rumelin\u00eb Lindore, i krijuar nga Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha p\u00ebr t\u00eb shqyrtuar, n\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb nenit 23 t\u00eb Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit, projektin e reformave administrative q\u00eb kishte p\u00ebrgatitur Porta e Lart\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbatuar n\u00eb vilajetet e saj t\u00eb Gadishullit Ballkanik. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb rast p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesi britanik Ficmoris (Fitzmaurice) i paraqiti komisionit nj\u00eb projekt, me an\u00ebn e t\u00eb cilit k\u00ebrkonte jo bashkimin e menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm t\u00eb trojeve shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, por organizimin e tyre n\u00eb kat\u00ebr sanxhak\u00eb me qend\u00ebr n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, n\u00eb Prizren, n\u00eb Elbasan dhe n\u00eb Janin\u00eb, si hap t\u00eb par\u00eb p\u00ebr bashkimin e tyre n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen n\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm shqiptar. Por projekti britanik ndeshi p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtimin e fuqive t\u00eb tjera. Madje Komisioni Evropian, me p\u00ebrjashtim t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit rus, miratoi m\u00eb 23 gusht 1880 projektin e hartuar bashk\u00ebrisht nga p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e Franc\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, i cili sh\u00ebnonte nj\u00eb hap prapa n\u00eb krahasim me iden\u00eb e formuluar dy muaj m\u00eb par\u00eb, pasi tani i sugjerohej Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb t\u00eb jepte autonomin\u00eb administrative jo p\u00ebr krejt vilajetin e Shkodr\u00ebs, por vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr mal\u00ebsit\u00eb patriarkale t\u00eb Veriut. Megjithat\u00eb, me k\u00ebmb\u00ebnguljen e p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit britanik, n\u00eb deklarat\u00ebn e Komisionit Evropian p\u00ebr Rumelin\u00eb Lindore u vu si shtes\u00eb sh\u00ebnimi se Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha \u201cnuk do t\u00eb kishin asnj\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim\u201d, n\u00eb rast se Porta e Lart\u00eb do ta shihte me vend q\u00eb t\u2019i bashkonte krahinat shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm.<\/p>\n Por Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk pranoi asnj\u00eb nga k\u00ebto sugjerime.<\/p>\n Kuvendi i Gjirokastr\u00ebs (23 korrik 1880)<\/strong><\/p>\n Sukseset q\u00eb u arrit\u00ebn gjat\u00eb pranver\u00ebs kund\u00ebr administrat\u00ebs osmane t\u00eb vilajeteve, paaft\u00ebsia e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb p\u00ebr ta ndaluar vrullin e luft\u00ebs s\u00eb masave shqiptare dhe jehona q\u00eb pat\u00ebn k\u00ebto suksese n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare i dhan\u00eb nj\u00eb shtytje t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme l\u00ebvizjes autonomiste n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Por vendimi q\u00eb mor\u00ebn Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha brenda e jasht\u00eb Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Berlinit, p\u00ebr ta detyruar Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019i k\u00ebnaqte Athin\u00ebn dhe Cetin\u00ebn me l\u00ebshime territoriale n\u00eb \u00c7am\u00ebri e n\u00eb Ulqin, krijoi nj\u00eb rrethan\u00eb thell\u00ebsisht t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuar p\u00ebr Lidhjen Shqiptare t\u00eb Prizrenit.<\/p>\n Qarqet atdhetare t\u00eb L\u00ebvizjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare, duke qen\u00eb t\u00eb bindura se Porta e Lart\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje paqeje nuk do t\u2019i jepte asnj\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb komb\u00ebtare Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe se k\u00ebto mund t\u00eb siguroheshin vet\u00ebm n\u00ebse asaj i krijohej nj\u00eb gjendje pa rrug\u00ebdalje, k\u00ebmb\u00ebngul\u00ebn q\u00eb lufta p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb e vendit t\u00eb vijonte edhe n\u00eb k\u00ebto kushte. Sipas pik\u00ebpamjes s\u00eb tyre, ishte e nevojshme q\u00eb lufta kund\u00ebr cop\u00ebtimit t\u00eb trojeve shqiptare t\u00eb shkrihej me luft\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat autonomiste t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00eb nj\u00eb rast t\u00eb till\u00eb, mendonin ato, Porta e Lart\u00eb do t\u00eb ngurronte t\u00eb hapte nj\u00eb luft\u00eb frontale kund\u00ebr gjith\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, aq m\u00eb tep\u00ebr q\u00eb fuqit\u00eb per\u00ebndimore, n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb Britania e Madhe dhe Austro-Hungaria, do ta detyronin Perandorin\u00eb Osmane ta shmangte me \u00e7do kusht k\u00ebt\u00eb konflikt me shqiptar\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrfituar prej tij Rusia cariste. K\u00ebto \u00e7\u00ebshtje pritej t\u00eb diskutoheshin n\u00eb mbledhjen e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare q\u00eb u mbajt n\u00eb Prizren n\u00eb dhjet\u00ebdit\u00ebshin e fundit t\u00eb korrikut t\u00eb vitit 1880. K\u00ebshilli do t\u00eb vendoste rreth masave q\u00eb duheshin marr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb pranuar l\u00ebshimin e territoreve q\u00eb Konferenca e Berlinit ia kishte dh\u00ebn\u00eb Greqis\u00eb, si edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar vendimin e Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Stambollit p\u00ebr Ulqinin. Mbledhja e korrikut e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Lidhjes kishte nj\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrje mjaft t\u00eb gjer\u00eb, megjithat\u00eb burimet dokumentare t\u00eb njohura deri m\u00eb sot heshtin rreth vendimeve t\u00eb tij.<\/p>\n N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb Komiteti Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i Lidhjes p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Jugut, sapo mori njoftim p\u00ebr rezolut\u00ebn e 1 korrikut t\u00eb Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Berlinit p\u00ebr ratifikimin n\u00eb favor t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb t\u00eb kufirit greko-turk, vendosi t\u00eb mbledh\u00eb n\u00eb Gjirokast\u00ebr nj\u00eb kuvend tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare. Ndryshe nga sa ishte menduar n\u00eb fillim, Kuvendi i Gjirokastr\u00ebs nuk pati karakter nd\u00ebrkrahinor, por mbar\u00ebshqiptar. Sipas njoftimit q\u00eb jep konsulli rus, Trojanski, Kuvendi u vendos t\u00eb mblidhej n\u00eb Gjirokast\u00ebr p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb m\u00eb af\u00ebr qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb trojeve shqiptare, m\u00eb larg presionit t\u00eb qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb vilajetit dhe nd\u00ebrhyrjes s\u00eb agjent\u00ebve t\u00eb huaj q\u00eb ndodheshin n\u00eb Janin\u00eb.<\/p>\n Kuvendi u mblodh m\u00eb 23 korrik 1880. Aty mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb kryesisht krer\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb mysliman\u00eb e t\u00eb krishter\u00eb t\u00eb Beratit, t\u00eb P\u00ebrmetit, t\u00eb Vlor\u00ebs, t\u00eb Lab\u00ebris\u00eb dhe t\u00eb \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb. Por, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb konsullat\u00ebs austro-hungareze n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb Kuvend kan\u00eb marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues nga e gjith\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria, jo vet\u00ebm nga jugu, por edhe nga Geg\u00ebria, nd\u00ebrsa krahinat q\u00eb nuk d\u00ebrguan dot p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e tyre, i miratuan vendimet e tij me shkrim.<\/p>\n Punimet e Kuvendit i drejtoi Abdyl Frash\u00ebri. \u00c7\u00ebshtja themelore q\u00eb u trajtua aty ishte: autonomia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, koha e shpalljes dhe m\u00ebnyra e realizimit t\u00eb saj. Kuvendi i Gjirokastr\u00ebs vendosi q\u00eb, n\u00eb rast se qeveria e Stambollit do t\u00eb shtr\u00ebngohej t\u00eb zbatonte rezolut\u00ebn e Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Berlinit ose n\u00eb rast se Greqia do t\u00eb orvatej t\u2019i merrte me dhun\u00eb tokat shqiptare q\u00eb asaj i qen\u00eb premtuar, Lidhja Shqiptare do t\u00eb shpallte menj\u00ebher\u00eb nj\u00eb qeveri t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme komb\u00ebtare. Me formimin e saj do t\u00eb merrte fund sundimi osman n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Sapo t\u00eb shpallej qeveria e p\u00ebrkohshme shqiptare, do t\u00eb pushoheshin n\u00ebpun\u00ebsit turq dhe do t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsoheshin nga n\u00ebpun\u00ebs shqiptar\u00eb pa dallim feje. T\u00eb ardhurat shtet\u00ebrore do t\u00eb administroheshin nga qeveria e p\u00ebrkohshme p\u00ebr nevojat e Lidhjes Shqiptare. Menj\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb hartohej nj\u00eb kushtetut\u00eb, e cila do t\u00eb garantonte sigurin\u00eb e personit, t\u00eb pasuris\u00eb dhe ushtrimin e lir\u00eb t\u00eb fes\u00eb. Qeveria e p\u00ebrkohshme do t\u00eb merrte t\u00eb gjitha masat p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur rendin dhe qet\u00ebsin\u00eb shembullore n\u00eb mbar\u00eb vendin. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim do t\u00eb d\u00ebnoheshin me rrept\u00ebsi jo vet\u00ebm autor\u00ebt e krimeve, por edhe tradhtar\u00ebt e vendit. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb do t\u2019i kushtohej nj\u00eb kujdes i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb ushtris\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, n\u00eb radh\u00ebt e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs do t\u00eb inkuadroheshin t\u00eb gjith\u00eb nizam\u00ebt, rezervist\u00ebt dhe oficer\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb q\u00eb sh\u00ebrbenin n\u00eb ushtrin\u00eb osmane.<\/p>\n Kuvendi i Gjirokastr\u00ebs vendosi q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria t\u00eb mos kalonte p\u00ebrtej caqeve t\u00eb nj\u00eb shteti autonom n\u00ebn sovranitetin e sulltanit. Megjithat\u00eb, marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet nd\u00ebrmjet Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb autonome dhe Perandoris\u00eb Osmane do t\u00eb kufizoheshin n\u00eb minimum. Sulltani do t\u00eb kishte vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb: t\u00eb em\u00ebronte guvernatorin e p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, kurse Shqip\u00ebria detyrohej t\u2019i paguante Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb nj\u00eb tribut vjetor n\u00eb t\u00eb holla dhe t\u00eb ndihmonte me nj\u00eb kontigjent t\u00eb caktuar ushtar\u00ebsh shqiptar\u00eb n\u00eb rast lufte me shtetet e huaja. P\u00ebr kompensim Perandoria Osmane do t\u00eb detyrohej ta mbronte ushtarakisht Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb nga \u00e7do agresion i jasht\u00ebm.<\/p>\n Lidhur me rezolut\u00ebn e Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Berlinit t\u00eb 1 korrikut 1880 Kuvendi i Gjirokastr\u00ebs mbajti t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin q\u00ebndrim q\u00eb kishte p\u00ebrcaktuar m\u00eb par\u00eb Lidhja. Shpalli se shqiptar\u00ebt nuk kishin pun\u00eb me Thesalin\u00eb, por ishin t\u00eb vendosur t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtonin me \u00e7do kusht nj\u00eb cop\u00ebtim t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Jugut (t\u00eb Epirit). Kuvendi shprehu gatishm\u00ebrin\u00eb e shqiptar\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u2019u hedhur menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb front, n\u00eb qoft\u00eb se ushtrit\u00eb greke do t\u00eb shkelnin kufirin. Kuvendi vendosi t\u00eb merrte edhe masa konkrete ushtarake p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, duke ngritur p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim ushtrin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr ta detyruar Perandorin\u00eb Osmane q\u00eb ta njihte de jure autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit mendonin t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqnin n\u00eb veprime luftarake shtresat e gjera popullore dhe ta vinin Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb para faktit t\u00eb kryer. Sipas tyre, fakti i kryer do t\u00eb siguronte n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb edhe mb\u00ebshtetjen e atyre Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, t\u00eb cilat nuk d\u00ebshironin trazira t\u00eb brendshme, q\u00eb do ta dob\u00ebsonin m\u00eb shum\u00eb Perandorin\u00eb Osmane. Ata mendonin t\u00eb siguronin mb\u00ebshtetjen e tyre duke t\u00ebrhequr simpatin\u00eb e opinionit bot\u00ebror n\u00eb favor t\u00eb kryengritjes \u00e7lirimtare dhe duke dh\u00ebn\u00eb prova se shqiptar\u00ebt ishin t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur p\u00ebr t\u00eb organizuar shtetin e tyre komb\u00ebtar.<\/p>\n Kuvendi z\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb historin\u00eb e Lidhjes Shqiptare. Ai sh\u00ebnoi nj\u00eb shkall\u00ebzim t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb luft\u00ebs p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe shtroi p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb, n\u00eb shkall\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, krijimin e nj\u00eb qeverie t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme shqiptare. Me vendimet e tij Kuvendi i Gjirokastr\u00ebs ua parashtroi edhe nj\u00ebher\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha p\u00ebrgjigjen kategorike se shqiptar\u00ebt nuk do t\u00eb lejonin n\u00eb asnj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb cop\u00ebtimin e territoreve t\u00eb atdheut t\u00eb tyre. Fill pas mbylljes s\u00eb Kuvendit t\u00eb Gjirokastr\u00ebs pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit u shp\u00ebrndan\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00eb viset e tyre, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb mobilizonin forcat ushtarake p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb e trojeve shqiptare dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar t\u00eb drejtat komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n T\u00ebrheqja e shtresave t\u00eb gjera t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb platform\u00ebn atdhetare t\u00eb krahut radikal t\u00eb Lidhjes i dha shtytje l\u00ebvizjes autonomiste. Fill pas mbylljes s\u00eb Kuvendit t\u00eb Gjirokastr\u00ebs n\u00eb mjaft krahina t\u00eb Jugut u rrit\u00ebn veprimet e popullsis\u00eb p\u00ebr d\u00ebbimin e n\u00ebpun\u00ebsve turq nga administrata lokale dhe p\u00ebr kthimin e saj n\u00eb administrat\u00eb shqiptare. Nj\u00eb muaj m\u00eb von\u00eb, n\u00eb gusht 1880, konsulli rus n\u00eb Janin\u00eb, Trojanski, raportonte n\u00eb lidhje me gjendjen n\u00eb \u00c7am\u00ebri: \u201cQeverisja e vilajetit tani po kalon dal\u00ebngadal\u00eb n\u00eb duart e shqiptar\u00ebve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb largojn\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebtej t\u00eb gjith\u00eb n\u00ebpun\u00ebsit me origjin\u00eb joshqiptare dhe kan\u00eb pasur aq sukses n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pun\u00eb, saq\u00eb n\u00eb rrethet e Epirit Veriper\u00ebndimor Lidhja Shqiptare vepron pothuajse n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur\u201d. D\u00ebshmi e rritjes s\u00eb autoritetit t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare ishte vendosja e qet\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb plot\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Jugut, por n\u00eb mbar\u00eb vendin. Lidhja arriti t\u00eb vendoste qet\u00ebsin\u00eb e rendin edhe n\u00eb vilajetin e Manastirit e t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. Me vendimet e Kuvendit t\u00eb Gjirokastr\u00ebs u solidarizua edhe opinioni publik i vilajetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs e t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, ve\u00e7se n\u00eb k\u00ebto treva shqiptar\u00ebt mbet\u00ebn t\u00eb gozhduar p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb shqet\u00ebsimit q\u00eb vijoi t\u00eb shkaktonte \u00e7\u00ebshtja e Ulqinit.<\/p>\n Vendimet e Kuvendit t\u00eb Gjirokastr\u00ebs shkaktuan shqet\u00ebsim n\u00eb Stamboll. Porta e Lart\u00eb mori masa p\u00ebr ta shtypur l\u00ebvizjen autonomiste me an\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7arjes ose t\u00eb dhun\u00ebs n\u00eb rast se acarohej situata n\u00eb sektorin e Ulqinit. P\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb ajo vendosi t\u00eb fitonte koh\u00eb duke e vazhduar kund\u00ebrshtimin ndaj Protokollit nr. 13 dhe duke i zvarritur p\u00ebrs\u00ebri bisedimet me pal\u00ebn greke.<\/p>\n Mbrojtja e Ulqinit dhe kuvendi i Dibr\u00ebs<\/p>\n Demonstrata navale (gusht-tetor 1880)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Mali i Zi e pranoi propozimin q\u00eb b\u00ebn\u00eb ambasador\u00ebt e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha n\u00eb Stamboll, m\u00eb 26 qershor 1880, p\u00ebr t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar krahinat e Hotit e t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs me qytetin dhe rrethinat e Ulqinit. Por Porta e Lart\u00eb, megjith\u00ebse zyrtarisht nuk e kund\u00ebrshtoi, nxori p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00eb shesh penges\u00ebn q\u00eb do t\u00eb nd\u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00ebzimin e tij nga ana e shqiptar\u00ebve. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, jo vet\u00ebm qyteti bregdetar i Ulqinit, por edhe hinterlandi i tij fshatar banohej krejt\u00ebsisht nga popullsi shqiptare. P\u00ebrve\u00e7se pjes\u00eb e pandar\u00eb e truallit komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, Ulqini ishte skela kryesore e Shkodr\u00ebs dhe e pellgut t\u00eb saj n\u00eb detin Adriatik. Ai ishte nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht edhe pika m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme bregdetare q\u00eb lidhte tregtin\u00eb e jashtme t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs me skelat e ndryshme t\u00eb Mesdheut.<\/p>\n Si edhe m\u00eb par\u00eb, shqiptar\u00ebt protestuan menj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb padrejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb re q\u00eb Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha po b\u00ebnin n\u00eb d\u00ebm t\u00eb interesave t\u00eb tyre komb\u00ebtar\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb ata ia p\u00ebrs\u00ebrit\u00ebn Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb vendosm\u00ebrin\u00eb p\u00ebr ta mbrojtur me \u00e7do kusht Ulqinin dhe gatishm\u00ebrin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb edhe kund\u00ebr saj. Por k\u00ebt\u00eb radh\u00eb Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha ishin t\u00eb vendosura p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos i marr\u00eb n\u00eb asnj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb parasysh justifikimet e qeveris\u00eb osmane. Me nj\u00eb not\u00eb kolektive, q\u00eb i drejtuan m\u00eb 3 gusht 1880 Stambollit, ato e ftonin Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb ta thyente q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e shqiptar\u00ebve dhe t\u2019ia dor\u00ebzonte Ulqinin Malit t\u00eb Zi.<\/p>\n N\u00eb fillim qeveria osmane p\u00ebrs\u00ebri ngurroi t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorte forc\u00ebn ushtarake kund\u00ebr Lidhjes Shqiptare. Ajo u p\u00ebrpoq m\u00eb shum\u00eb se kurdoher\u00eb me an\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimeve p\u00ebr t\u2019i bindur udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e saj t\u00eb hiqnin dor\u00eb nga q\u00ebndresa, por orvatjet nuk pat\u00ebn sukses. Vullnetar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb n\u00ebn komand\u00ebn e Isuf Sokolit, t\u00eb Haxhi Mehmet Becit, t\u00eb Mehmet Gjylit etj., e rrethuan Ulqinin dhe u p\u00ebrgatit\u00ebn p\u00ebr ta sht\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb, sapo t\u00eb largoheshin ushtrit\u00eb turke nga qyteti.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr ta zgjidhur \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e dor\u00ebzimit t\u00eb Ulqinit, Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuan Turqin\u00eb se do t\u00eb zhvillonin nj\u00eb demonstrat\u00eb navale n\u00eb bregdetin shqiptar, madje m\u00eb von\u00eb se do t\u00eb zbarkonin trupat e tyre n\u00eb skel\u00ebn turke t\u00eb Izmirit. E tmerruar nga demonstrata navale dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur nd\u00ebrlikimet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, Porta e Lart\u00eb d\u00ebrgoi n\u00eb gusht 1880 n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr gjeneral Riza Pash\u00ebn me 3 000 ushtar\u00eb, me detyr\u00ebn q\u00eb ta dor\u00ebzonte Ulqinin pa konflikte t\u00eb armatosura. Riza Pasha, q\u00eb mb\u00ebrriti n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr m\u00eb 19 gusht, u p\u00ebrpoq t\u2019i bindte krer\u00ebt e Lidhjes me t\u00eb holla e me premtime q\u00eb t\u00eb hiqnin dor\u00eb nga mbrojtja e Ulqinit. N\u00eb nj\u00eb takim t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb q\u00eb pati m\u00eb 22 gusht me an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, ai u deklaroi se do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorte dhun\u00ebn ushtarake kund\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb atyre q\u00eb do t\u00eb pengonin dor\u00ebzimin e Ulqinit. Me 24 gusht 1880 Riza Pasha shpalli n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr shtetrrethimin e ndalimin e qarkullimit dhe t\u00eb lidhjeve me Ulqinin nga mbr\u00ebmja n\u00eb agim. Por orvatjet e tij nuk dhan\u00eb rezultat. As letrat personale q\u00eb sulltani u drejtoi krer\u00ebve t\u00eb Lidhjes, as nd\u00ebrhyrjet e ministrave t\u00eb tij nuk i praps\u00ebn vullnetar\u00ebt nga vendimi p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e Ulqinit. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb 2 000 luft\u00ebtar\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb (nd\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt 600 ishin shkodran\u00eb), t\u00eb komanduar nga Muftar ag\u00eb Re\u00e7i, zun\u00eb pozita midis Mid\u00ebs s\u00eb Kraj\u00ebs dhe Malit t\u00eb Mozhur\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar kalimin e forcave t\u00eb Riza Pash\u00ebs n\u00eb Ulqin. Forca t\u00eb tjera ulqinake, n\u00ebn komand\u00ebn e Haxhi Mehmet Becit, q\u00ebndronin n\u00eb gatishm\u00ebri kund\u00ebr marshimit t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm t\u00eb forcave malazeze.<\/p>\n M\u00eb 1 shtator Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha vendos\u00ebn t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerrnin demonstrat\u00ebn navale para uj\u00ebrave t\u00eb Ulqinit dhe m\u00eb 4 shtator 1880 rreth 20 korracata me shum\u00eb anije t\u00eb vogla angleze, franceze, gjermane, ruse, italiane dhe austro-hungareze hodh\u00ebn spirancat n\u00eb uj\u00ebrat e Raguz\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Por edhe pas k\u00ebsaj as popullsia e Shkodr\u00ebs dhe e Ulqinit, as edhe Komiteti Nd\u00ebrkrahinor i Lidhjes p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn nuk u n\u00ebnshtruan; ata u treguan t\u00eb vendosur t\u00eb mbronin Ulqinin. P\u00ebr mbrojtjen e Ulqinit u shpreh edhe K\u00ebshilli i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i Lidhjes q\u00eb u mblodh n\u00eb Prizren n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shtatorit. Nd\u00ebrkaq, m\u00eb 7 dhe 8 shtator 17 batalione osmane, t\u00eb komanduara nga Riza Pasha, rrethuan qytetin e Shkodr\u00ebs dhe u drejtuan p\u00ebr n\u00eb Ulqin. Forcat vullnetare shqiptare, q\u00eb ndodheshin n\u00eb Ulqin e n\u00eb Mozhur\u00eb, u dol\u00ebn p\u00ebrpara forcave osmane dhe ndal\u00ebn marshimin e tyre p\u00ebr n\u00eb Ulqin. M\u00eb 15 shtator dega e Lidhjes Shqiptare p\u00ebr Ulqinin u d\u00ebrgoi Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet konsujve t\u00eb tyre n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, nj\u00eb memorandum ku protestonte n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb kategorike kund\u00ebr l\u00ebshimit t\u00eb Ulqinit dhe shprehte gatishm\u00ebrin\u00eb e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb tij p\u00ebr t\u00eb q\u00ebndruar deri n\u00eb fund.<\/p>\n M\u00eb 17 shtator komandanti i flot\u00ebs ushtarake t\u00eb Gjasht\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha i d\u00ebrgoi Riza Pash\u00ebs nj\u00eb ultimatum, me t\u00eb cilin i jepte 3 dit\u00eb afat p\u00ebr dor\u00ebzimin e Ulqinit. M\u00eb 17 shtator ushtrit\u00eb e Lidhjes, t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebra nga 6 mij\u00eb ushtar\u00eb q\u00eb deri at\u00ebher\u00eb e mbanin t\u00eb rrethuar Ulqinin, sapo mor\u00ebn lajmin p\u00ebr demonstrat\u00ebn navale, sulmuan ushtrit\u00eb osmane dhe e shtin\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb qytetin. Ushtria turke u mbyll n\u00eb kazerma dhe m\u00eb pas u largua fshehurazi nga qyteti.<\/p>\n M\u00eb 20 shtator flota e gjasht\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha la Raguz\u00ebn dhe u drejtua p\u00ebr n\u00eb jug, por nuk hyri n\u00eb uj\u00ebrat e Ulqinit. Megjithat\u00eb, ushtrit\u00eb e Lidhjes Shqiptare, t\u00eb cilat tani q\u00ebndronin p\u00ebrball\u00eb flot\u00ebs nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, nuk u bind\u00ebn. M\u00eb 25 shtator Riza Pasha shpalli shtetrrethimin n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, bllokoi rrug\u00ebn e Ulqinit p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar furnizimin e vullnetar\u00ebve, \u00e7armatosi forcat e armatosura t\u00eb qytetit q\u00eb vareshin nga Lidhja, ndaloi mbledhjet dhe shpalli shp\u00ebrndarjen e Deg\u00ebs s\u00eb Lidhjes. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht b\u00ebri arrestime. M\u00eb 29 shtator Riza Pasha urdh\u00ebroi shp\u00ebrndarjen e Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Lidhjes dhe e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnoi se do t\u00eb merrte masa ushtarake kund\u00ebr tij, n\u00ebse nuk shp\u00ebrndahej. Dega e Lidhjes t\u00eb nes\u00ebrmen u p\u00ebrgjigj se ajo tashm\u00eb nuk e njihte Riza Pash\u00ebn si komandant ushtarak t\u00eb vilajetit dhe e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnonte se do ta d\u00ebbonte at\u00eb s\u00eb bashku me garnizonin e tij nga Shkodra.<\/p>\n Pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb k\u00ebto dit\u00eb, kur acarimi i marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve nd\u00ebrmjet Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit dhe Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb po \u00e7onte drejt konfliktit t\u00eb armatosur, Anglia dhe Austro-Hungaria nd\u00ebrhyn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar mbrojtjen me arm\u00eb t\u00eb Ulqinit. Duke par\u00eb se as demonstrata detare e flot\u00ebs nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, as masat ushtarake t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb osmane nuk po jepnin rezultat, konsujt britanik\u00eb dhe austro-hungarez\u00eb u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u00eb bindnin krer\u00ebt e deg\u00ebve t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit e n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs se Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha ishin t\u00eb prirura t\u2019u jepnin shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb drejta autonomiste, por k\u00ebrkonin si kusht q\u00eb k\u00ebta t\u00eb mos e kund\u00ebrshtonin dor\u00ebzimin e Ulqinit dhe t\u00eb mos shkaktonin konflikt t\u00eb armatosur me Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb. Edhe pse premtimi i tyre qe nj\u00eb mashtrim, si edhe presionet e dhunshme t\u00eb Stambollit nuk mbet\u00ebn pa efekt. U l\u00ebkund\u00ebn sidomos qarqet e moderuara, t\u00eb cilat menduan se ia vlente t\u00eb sakrifikohej Ulqini p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar t\u00eb drejtat autonomiste pa hyr\u00eb n\u00eb konflikt me Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb. Si rrjedhim, disa nga an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, nd\u00ebrmjet t\u00eb cil\u00ebve edhe Hodo Sokoli, p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebs i njohur i l\u00ebvizjes autonomiste, tani hoq\u00ebn dor\u00eb nga lufta p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e Ulqinit.<\/p>\n Kjo rrethan\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsoi m\u00eb shum\u00eb detyr\u00ebn e atdhetar\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur me arm\u00eb Ulqinin dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, ata nuk hoq\u00ebn dor\u00eb nga q\u00ebndrimi i tyre, por u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u00eb mbanin gjall\u00eb frym\u00ebn luftarake n\u00eb t\u00eb kat\u00ebr vilajetet. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, ata vendos\u00ebn t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerrnin p\u00ebr\u00e7apjen e fundit p\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr n\u00eb programin e tyre qarqet e moderuara, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb forcat luftarake q\u00eb ishin ende t\u00eb lidhura pas tyre. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim u thirr nj\u00eb kuvend i jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm i Lidhjes Shqiptare n\u00eb qytetin e Dibr\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Kuvendi i Dibr\u00ebs (20-24 tetor)<\/strong><\/p>\n Lufta e Ulqinit Kuvendi i Dibr\u00ebs i filloi punimet m\u00eb 20 tetor 1880. Aty mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb rreth 300 delegat\u00eb t\u00eb ardhur nga krahinat shqiptare t\u00eb kat\u00ebr vilajeteve, t\u00eb shoq\u00ebruar nga 5 mij\u00eb veta t\u00eb armatosur. Shumica e tyre ishin d\u00ebrguar nga vilajeti i Kosov\u00ebs dhe nga viset shqiptare t\u00eb vilajetit t\u00eb Manastirit. Numri i delegat\u00ebve q\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonin Shkodr\u00ebn, Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Mesme dhe t\u00eb Jugut ishte m\u00eb i pak\u00ebt. Pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e delegat\u00ebve u p\u00ebrkiste rrymave radikale dhe t\u00eb moderuara. Midis delegat\u00ebve ishin Ali pash\u00eb Gucia, Iliaz pash\u00eb Dibra, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri etj.<\/p>\n Kuvendi trajtoi tri \u00e7\u00ebshtje me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi vendimtare p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb: q\u00ebndrimin ndaj \u00e7\u00ebshtjes s\u00eb Ulqinit, krijimin e nj\u00eb vilajeti autonom dhe formimin e qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme.<\/p>\n Lidhur me \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e par\u00eb Kuvendi e quajti t\u00eb domosdoshme mbrojtjen me arm\u00eb t\u00eb Ulqinit dhe shprehu gatishm\u00ebrin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr forcat vullnetare t\u00eb sanxhakut t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs. Ky vendim iu njoftua edhe Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs. Abdyl Frash\u00ebri dhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e krahut radikal argumentuan gjithashtu programin e miratuar n\u00eb Kuvendin e Gjirokastr\u00ebs, p\u00ebr krijimin e vilajetit autonom t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr formimin e qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme. Ashtu si\u00e7 parashikohej, element\u00ebt konservator\u00eb (rreth 25 veta) mbajt\u00ebn an\u00ebn e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. Ata nuk pranuan asnj\u00eb nga k\u00ebrkesat e atdhetar\u00ebve radikal\u00eb dhe u sul\u00ebn me ashp\u00ebrsi kund\u00ebr tyre. Vendimi p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e Ulqinit, pavar\u00ebsisht nga urdhri q\u00eb kishte dh\u00ebn\u00eb sulltani p\u00ebr dor\u00ebzimin e tij, u mor me votat e atdhetar\u00ebve radikal\u00eb dhe t\u00eb moderuar. T\u00eb moderuarit e pranuan n\u00eb parim edhe formimin e Vilajetit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Madje disa prej tyre, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibra dhe Ali pash\u00eb Gucia, e miratuan edhe tez\u00ebn e Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit p\u00ebr ta send\u00ebrtuar vilajetin autonom me an\u00ebn e veprimeve t\u00eb armatosura. T\u00eb tjer\u00ebt ngul\u00ebn k\u00ebmb\u00eb n\u00eb pik\u00ebpamjen e tyre t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme: p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos shkuar p\u00ebrtej paraqitjes s\u00eb peticionit, duke ia l\u00ebn\u00eb sulltanit n\u00eb dor\u00eb plot\u00ebsimin e k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb tij. Debate t\u00eb zjarrta u zhvilluan sidomos rreth \u00e7\u00ebshtjes s\u00eb formimit t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme, kund\u00ebr s\u00eb cil\u00ebs u ngrit\u00ebn gjith\u00eb delegat\u00ebt konservator\u00eb.<\/p>\n Si pasoj\u00eb e k\u00ebtyre divergjencave, Kuvendi i Dibr\u00ebs doli me dy rezoluta. Nj\u00ebra, e nd\u00ebrtuar sipas platform\u00ebs s\u00eb Kuvendit t\u00eb Gjirokastr\u00ebs, me t\u00eb cilin k\u00ebrkohej krijimi i Vilajetit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb me autonomi t\u00eb gjer\u00eb, fitoi af\u00ebrsisht 120 vota. Tjetra, e propozuar nga delegat\u00ebt e krahut t\u00eb moderuar, me t\u00eb cilin lutej Porta e Lart\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb krijonte nj\u00eb Ejalet t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, pa i shkrir\u00eb vilajetet, dhe t\u00eb zbatonte n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb reformat p\u00ebr organizimin e ri t\u00eb vilajeteve, sipas nenit 23 t\u00eb Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit. Ejaleti i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb do t\u00eb kishte nj\u00eb autonomi t\u00eb kufizuar. Rezoluta e dyt\u00eb grumbulloi shumic\u00ebn prej 150 votash. Delegat\u00ebt konservator\u00eb nuk n\u00ebnshkruan asnj\u00ebrin prej tyre. T\u00eb dyja rezolutat u d\u00ebrguan ve\u00e7 e ve\u00e7 n\u00eb Stamboll. P\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme, Kuvendi i Dibr\u00ebs zyrtarisht nuk mori asnj\u00eb vendim. N\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjes q\u00eb u arrit nd\u00ebrmjet patriot\u00ebve revolucionar\u00eb, ajo u la t\u00eb shqyrtohej edhe nj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb Prizren. Miratimi i dy rezolutave tregoi se Kuvendi i Dibr\u00ebs nuk arriti t\u00eb bashkonte t\u00eb gjitha forcat patriotike shqiptare rreth nj\u00eb programi t\u00eb vet\u00ebm autonomist. Megjithat\u00eb, vendimet e tij pat\u00ebn jehon\u00eb pozitive si brenda vendit, ashtu edhe n\u00eb opinionin publik evropian.<\/p>\n Gjat\u00eb dit\u00ebve t\u00eb Kuvendit t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs qeveria e Stambollit mori masa t\u00eb tjera shtr\u00ebnguese kund\u00ebr shkodran\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar dor\u00ebzimin pa luft\u00eb t\u00eb Ulqinit. Ajo vendosi t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitonte nga p\u00ebr\u00e7arja q\u00eb u thellua n\u00eb Kuvendin e Dibr\u00ebs dhe t\u2019i jepte fund q\u00ebndres\u00ebs s\u00eb Lidhjes p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e Ulqinit. M\u00eb 25 tetor 1880 Porta e Lart\u00eb largoi nga Shkodra gjeneral Riza Pash\u00ebn dhe n\u00eb vend t\u00eb tij d\u00ebrgoi mareshal Dervish Pash\u00ebn, t\u00eb shoq\u00ebruar nga 21 batalione dhe t\u00eb pajisur me fuqi t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme. Ai u em\u00ebrua komisar i jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm dhe kryekomandant i vilajetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs. P\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur pusit\u00eb e forcave shqiptare, Dervish Pasha udh\u00ebtoi nga Stambolli n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri me anije. Sapo arriti n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, m\u00eb 3 n\u00ebntor 1880, ai i dha nj\u00eb ultimatum Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr vullnetar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb nga Ulqini. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb treva e Ulqinit ndodhej n\u00ebn kontrollin e forcave vullnetare t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare, q\u00eb drejtoheshin nga shtabi ushtarak i formuar p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e Ulqinit. N\u00ebn drejtimin e tij, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave m\u00eb t\u00eb sakta, qen\u00eb 2 mij\u00eb vullnetar\u00eb t\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb Ulqin (nga t\u00eb cil\u00ebt 800 ulqinak\u00eb) dhe 2 mij\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, n\u00eb sektorin e Tuzit. N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb n\u00ebntorit, kur Dervish Pasha ishte vendosur tanim\u00eb n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, mb\u00ebrrit\u00ebn k\u00ebtu qindra vullnetar\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb nga Tetova, nga Shkreli, nga Dibra, nga Kelmendi dhe pritej t\u00eb vinin rreth 4 mij\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb nga Prizreni, nga Gjakova e nga Dibra.<\/p>\n Presionet q\u00eb Dervish Pasha b\u00ebri nga 7 deri n\u00eb 16 n\u00ebntor 1880 ndaj Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Lidhjes p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn p\u00ebr ta detyruar t\u00eb dor\u00ebzonte Ulqinin nuk dhan\u00eb rezultat. Edhe Komiteti i Lidhjes p\u00ebr Ulqinin n\u00eb peticionin q\u00eb u d\u00ebrgoi m\u00eb 16 n\u00ebntor Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, shprehte vendosm\u00ebrin\u00eb p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e qytetit. Fryma e q\u00ebndres\u00ebs kishte p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb gjith\u00eb popullsin\u00eb e qytetit.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr t\u00eb shpejtuar dor\u00ebzimin e Ulqinit u angazhuan konsulli anglez (K. Grini) dhe ai austro-hungarez (F. Lipih) n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt, n\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje me Dervish Pash\u00ebn, ushtruan trysni mbi Komitetin Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs p\u00ebr ta bindur t\u00eb hiqte dor\u00eb nga mbrojtja e Ulqinit. P\u00ebrkundrejt k\u00ebsaj konsujt e huaj do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhynin pran\u00eb sulltanit p\u00ebr t\u2019u dh\u00ebn\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb drejtat autonomiste. P\u00ebrball\u00eb trysnis\u00eb s\u00eb Dervish Pash\u00ebs dhe premtimeve t\u00eb konsujve t\u00eb huaj, m\u00eb 17 n\u00ebntor 1880 shum\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkrahinor t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs deklaruan se hiqnin dor\u00eb nga q\u00ebndresa e armatosur n\u00eb Ulqin. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb edhe mjaft nga p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e krahut t\u00eb moderuar kishin kapitulluar para Dervish Pash\u00ebs dhe pat\u00ebn shkuar aq larg, sa disa dit\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb kishin lajm\u00ebruar telegrafisht Kuvendin e Dibr\u00ebs se nuk kishin nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr ndihma, pasi kishin vendosur ta dor\u00ebzonin qytetin. Kapitullimi i tyre shkaktoi revoltimin e atdhetar\u00ebve shkodran\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt formuan nj\u00eb komitet t\u00eb ri t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn. N\u00eb komitetin e ri, q\u00eb u ngrit m\u00eb 19 n\u00ebntor 1880, hyn\u00eb partizan\u00ebt e vendosur t\u00eb mbrojtjes me arm\u00eb t\u00eb Ulqinit, si Selim \u00c7oba, Isuf Sokoli, Fetah Dragusha, Filip \u00c7eka etj.<\/p>\n Por ngjarjet u zhvilluan me shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb madhe. P\u00ebr\u00e7arja n\u00eb udh\u00ebheqjen e Lidhjes dob\u00ebsoi forcat e saj ushtarake, sidomos ardhjen e vullnetar\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. Komiteti i ri nuk pati koh\u00eb t\u00eb mobilizonte popullin dhe t\u00eb organizonte q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e armatosur kund\u00ebr ushtris\u00eb osmane. Tri dit\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb, m\u00eb 22 n\u00ebntor 1880, nd\u00ebrsa Shkodra nuk e kishte kap\u00ebrcyer ende kriz\u00ebn e brendshme politike, Dervish Pasha i dha urdh\u00ebr ushtris\u00eb turke t\u00eb fillonte marshimin p\u00ebr n\u00eb Ulqin. At\u00eb dit\u00eb ushtrit\u00eb turke u ndesh\u00ebn me forcat shqiptare te Kodra e Kuqe, af\u00ebr fshatit Klesna. N\u00eb fillim vullnetar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb i spraps\u00ebn ushtrit\u00eb turke, por m\u00eb von\u00eb, pasi arrit\u00ebn reparte t\u00eb tjera osmane t\u00eb pajisura me artileri moderne, forcat shqiptare u thyen. Komandanti i tyre Isuf Sokoli u plagos r\u00ebnd\u00eb dhe pak m\u00eb von\u00eb vdiq.<\/p>\n Pasi u thye ushtria shqiptare, forcat turke vazhduan marshimin dhe hyn\u00eb n\u00eb Ulqin, m\u00eb 23 n\u00ebntor 1880, t\u00eb cilin pastaj m\u00eb 26 n\u00ebntor ua dor\u00ebzuan ushtrive malazeze. S\u00eb bashku me dor\u00ebzimin e Ulqinit mori fund edhe \u00e7\u00ebshtja e kufijve verior\u00eb, e cila kishte shqet\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr gati 30 muaj jo vet\u00ebm Perandorin\u00eb Osmane, por edhe diplomacin\u00eb evropiane. Megjithat\u00eb, edhe pse \u00e7\u00ebshtja e kufirit turko-malazez u mbyll, lufta q\u00eb zhvilluan shqiptar\u00ebt kund\u00ebr shantazhit brutal t\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha dhe nd\u00ebrhyrjes ushtarake t\u00eb Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb la p\u00ebrshtypje t\u00eb thell\u00eb n\u00eb opinionin publik t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs. Jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb shtyp, por edhe n\u00eb disa parlamente t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs, u ngrit\u00ebn z\u00ebra proteste kund\u00ebr politik\u00ebs s\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, t\u00eb cilat vendos\u00ebn t\u00eb p\u00ebrdornin luftanijet p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtypur t\u00eb drejtat komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb popullit shqiptar.<\/p>\n L\u00ebvizja kulturore shqiptare n\u00eb vitet e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit (1878-1881)<\/p>\n Mendimi politik, filozofik e shoq\u00ebror n\u00eb vitet e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit L\u00ebvizja Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare nuk u shpreh vet\u00ebm me luft\u00ebn e p\u00ebrditshme politike, diplomatike e ushtarake p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb atdheut dhe p\u00ebr formimin e shtetit komb\u00ebtar shqiptar. Ajo u shfaq n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb edhe me zhvillimin e vrullsh\u00ebm t\u00eb mendimit politik, filozofik e shoq\u00ebror, si edhe t\u00eb veprimtaris\u00eb publicistike, letrare e shkencore.<\/p>\n Nga frym\u00ebzimi atdhetar e nga karakteri p\u00ebrparimtar, l\u00ebvizja kulturore shqiptare e viteve t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit ishte pjes\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebse e l\u00ebvizjes kulturore rilind\u00ebse, e cila kishte marr\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00ebt e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm. Por gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb Kriz\u00ebs Lindore ajo p\u00ebrshiu t\u00eb gjitha sferat e jet\u00ebs kulturore t\u00eb vendit dhe u kthye, m\u00eb shum\u00eb se n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn, n\u00eb nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje atdhetare. Si e till\u00eb ajo u frym\u00ebzua nga lufta politike, diplomatike e ushtarake q\u00eb zhvilluan shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00ebn udh\u00ebheqjen e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit, por me p\u00ebrmbajtjen e saj atdhetare e demokratike ndikoi n\u00eb ngritjen ideologjike t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb papar\u00eb deri at\u00ebher\u00eb. L\u00ebvizjen kulturore t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj periudhe e udh\u00ebhoq\u00ebn po ata atdhetar\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt p\u00ebrpunuan edhe platform\u00ebn politike t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare t\u00eb Prizrenit. At\u00eb e udh\u00ebhoq\u00ebn figura t\u00eb shquara, si Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, Pashko Vasa, Jani Vreto, Sami Frash\u00ebri, Thimi Mitko, Ymer Prizreni, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt me veprimtarin\u00eb e tyre si ideolog\u00eb e si aktivist\u00eb, si shkrimtar\u00eb e si organizator\u00eb, z\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb historin\u00eb e gjith\u00eb Rilindjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare.<\/p>\n N\u00eb fush\u00ebn e mendimit politik e shoq\u00ebror, l\u00ebvizja kulturore trajtoi problemet kryesore q\u00eb shqet\u00ebsonin l\u00ebvizjen komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb kushtet e Kriz\u00ebs Lindore t\u00eb viteve 70: konsolidimin e unitetit komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve, mbrojtjen e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb atdheut dhe formimin e shtetit shqiptar autonom si hap drejt krijimit t\u00eb shtetit komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb pavarur, demokratik e iluminist.<\/p>\n Nj\u00eb vend qendror n\u00eb platform\u00ebn ideologjike, t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb varg shkrimesh nga udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre viteve, zuri koncepti filozofik p\u00ebr kombin. \u00c7\u00ebshtja kishte r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi jetike p\u00ebr shqiptar\u00ebt, pasi n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare sundonte ende koncepti mesjetar, i cili e mbante bashk\u00ebsin\u00eb fetare t\u00eb nj\u00eb populli si nj\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs t\u00eb domosdosh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb nj\u00eb komb. Sipas k\u00ebtij koncepti, shqiptar\u00ebt t\u00eb ndar\u00eb n\u00eb tri besime fetare t\u00eb ndryshme nuk merreshin ende si pjes\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb kombi t\u00eb vet\u00ebm as nga Perandoria Osmane, as nga Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, as nga shtetet fqinje ballkanike. Si rrjedhim, atyre u mohohej e drejta p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar nj\u00eb shtet komb\u00ebtar m\u00eb vete. Kund\u00ebr k\u00ebtij koncepti t\u00eb prapambetur u ngrit\u00ebn t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ideolog\u00ebt dhe aktivist\u00ebt e l\u00ebvizjes kulturore shqiptare. \u201cT\u00eb ngresh besimin fetar n\u00eb parim komb\u00ebsie dhe t\u00eb marr\u00ebsh dogm\u00ebn p\u00ebr rac\u00eb apo ritin p\u00ebr atdhe, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aspak e pranueshme\u201d, shkruante Pashko Vasa m\u00eb 1879.<\/p>\n Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj rilind\u00ebsit nuk u pajtuan as me konceptin tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb qarkullonte n\u00eb disa teoricien\u00eb t\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre, sipas t\u00eb cil\u00ebve nj\u00eb popull quhet komb kur ka formuar shtetin. Konceptin filozofik p\u00ebr kombin e formuloi n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb Abdyl Frash\u00ebri qysh n\u00eb pragun e themelimit t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare t\u00eb Prizrenit. N\u00eb artikujt e tij, t\u00eb botuar n\u00eb pranver\u00ebn e vitit 1878, ai shikonte si p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs t\u00eb nj\u00eb kombi gjuh\u00ebn e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt, territorin e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt, historin\u00eb e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt dhe jet\u00ebn shpirt\u00ebrore t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt (t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ai e k\u00ebrkonte jo n\u00eb fen\u00eb e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt, por n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e dokeve, t\u00eb zakoneve, t\u00eb tregimeve, t\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00ebve, t\u00eb valleve dhe t\u00eb virtyteve t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta) dhe mbi t\u00eb gjitha aspirat\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar nj\u00eb shtet t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. L\u00ebvizja kulturore shqiptare p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsoi k\u00ebshtu n\u00eb fush\u00ebn ideologjike nj\u00eb nga konceptet filozofike m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrparuara t\u00eb shek. XIX.<\/p>\n L\u00ebvizja kulturore shqiptare e shtriu k\u00ebt\u00eb koncept t\u00eb p\u00ebrparuar edhe n\u00eb truallin e veprimtaris\u00eb politike. Ideolog\u00ebt rilind\u00ebs t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre viteve, m\u00eb shum\u00eb se paraardh\u00ebsit e tyre, i dhan\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes kulturore shqiptare, ashtu si edhe l\u00ebvizjes politike komb\u00ebtare, nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtje laike. Madje, p\u00ebr hir t\u00eb unitetit komb\u00ebtar, ata u b\u00ebnin thirrje bashkatdhetar\u00ebve q\u00eb t\u00eb mos d\u00ebgjonin predikimet e xhamis\u00eb e t\u00eb kish\u00ebs, kur ato binin ndesh me interesat komb\u00ebtar\u00eb, u sh\u00ebrbenin sunduesit t\u00eb huaj dhe propagandave t\u00eb shteteve fqinje; k\u00ebshtu ata ishin n\u00eb konflikt t\u00eb hapur me institucionet klerikale dhe t\u00eb pal\u00ebkundur p\u00ebrball\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimeve t\u00eb tyre. Thirrje t\u00eb tilla si ajo e Pashko Vas\u00ebs: E mos shikjoni kisha e xhamia \/ Feja e shqyptarit asht shqyptaria! u b\u00ebn\u00eb shum\u00eb popullore n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Ky laicizim i nd\u00ebrgjegjes komb\u00ebtare, i cili gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit p\u00ebrparoi me hapa t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb, pushtoi pothuajse t\u00eb gjitha fushat e jet\u00ebs kulturore t\u00eb vendit.<\/p>\n Nj\u00eb vend po aq t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb platform\u00ebn ideologjike t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes kulturore zuri edhe koncepti politik p\u00ebr territorin komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve. Kjo \u00e7\u00ebshtje kishte gjithashtu r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi jetike, pasi n\u00eb kushtet e Kriz\u00ebs Lindore shqiptar\u00ebve u duhej t\u00eb afirmonin sa m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb territoriale t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb si nj\u00ebsi politike, p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar p\u00ebrmbushjen e lakmive t\u00eb huaja shoviniste n\u00eb kurriz t\u00eb saj. Ashtu si n\u00eb konceptin e kombit, edhe n\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb territorit ideolog\u00ebt atdhetar\u00eb nuk ndoq\u00ebn rrug\u00ebn e udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsve nacionalist\u00eb t\u00eb monarkive ballkanike, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrligjur aspiratat e tyre shoviniste n\u00eb kurriz t\u00eb kombeve t\u00eb tjera, ngrit\u00ebn t\u00eb ashtuquajturin kriter historik. Si\u00e7 dihet, ky kriter krijoi te Serbia, Bullgaria e Greqia prirjen p\u00ebr t\u00eb rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbur, n\u00eb antagoniz\u00ebm me nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebn, e para Perandorin\u00eb e Stefan Dushanit, e dyta Perandorin\u00eb e car Samuilit, e treta Perandorin\u00eb Greke-bizantine, t\u00eb cilat pat\u00ebn n\u00eb mesjet\u00eb n\u00ebn zgjedh\u00ebn e tyre nj\u00eb varg komb\u00ebsish t\u00eb Ballkanit. Edhe shqiptar\u00ebt, shkruante Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, kishin mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb merrnin nga historia e tyre e lasht\u00eb argumentin e trev\u00ebs ku banonin mbar\u00eb fiset ilire p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrligjur krijimin e nj\u00eb shteti t\u00eb madh shqiptar. Por ky kriter do t\u00eb ishte i padrejt\u00eb, pasi n\u00eb mjaft nga ato vise tashm\u00eb banojn\u00eb popuj t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk do t\u00eb pranonin n\u00eb kushtet e reja t\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimit t\u00eb hynin n\u00ebn nj\u00eb zgjedh\u00eb t\u00eb huaj. Rilind\u00ebsit k\u00ebrkonin q\u00eb t\u00eb zbatohej n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb kriteri etnik dhe jo ai historik, t\u00eb respektoheshin gjendja reale dhe t\u00eb drejtat territoriale t\u00eb sotme t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb popujve. Vet\u00ebm kriteri etnik, theksonte Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, do t\u00eb vendoste nj\u00eb paqe t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme n\u00eb Gadishullin Ballkanik dhe nj\u00eb harmoni t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet kombeve t\u00eb tij. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb koncept politik l\u00ebvizja kulturore shqiptare u rreshtua gjithashtu n\u00eb pozitat m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrparuara t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjeve kulturore evropiane t\u00eb shek. XIX.<\/p>\n Gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit l\u00ebvizja kulturore shqiptare ngriti n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb edhe koncepte t\u00eb tjera politike, filozofike ose shoq\u00ebrore, t\u00eb cilat ishin shfaqur gjat\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm. Ajo i dha konceptit atdhe ose m\u00ebm\u00ebdhe nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtje t\u00eb re politike jo vet\u00ebm si nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebsi krahinore t\u00eb vendlindjes, por si nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebsi t\u00eb mbar\u00eb trojeve amtare dhe si nj\u00eb ideal t\u00eb shenjt\u00eb, p\u00ebr \u00e7lirimin ose mbrojtjen e t\u00eb cilit t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt duhej t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqeshin me \u00e7do mjet, duke mos kursyer as jet\u00ebn e tyre. Ajo e pasuroi m\u00eb tej kultur\u00ebn politiko-shoq\u00ebrore, duke e trajtuar konceptin e autonomis\u00eb s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb nga k\u00ebndi i interesave komb\u00ebtar\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb, si nj\u00eb hallk\u00eb kalimtare p\u00ebr t\u00eb send\u00ebrtuar, n\u00eb kushte komb\u00ebtare m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme, pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e saj t\u00eb plot\u00eb. Procesi i laicizimit t\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegjes politike komb\u00ebtare ia hapi dyert nj\u00eb dep\u00ebrtimi m\u00eb t\u00eb hovsh\u00ebm t\u00eb mendimit iluminist n\u00eb jet\u00ebn kulturore t\u00eb vendit, gj\u00eb q\u00eb shpejtoi emancipimin ideologjik t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve nga presioni i dogmatizmit obskurantist i institucioneve fetare. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, ajo e shtriu konceptin e v\u00ebllaz\u00ebrimit t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e detyrave, por edhe n\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave. Si rrjedhim, ajo e shkriu at\u00eb me konceptin e barazis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre qytetare, pavar\u00ebsisht nga p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsia fetare, shoq\u00ebrore e krahinore, e cila nuk ishte n\u00eb rendin shoq\u00ebror osman. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 t\u00eb tjerave, ajo e konceptoi edhe vet\u00eb kultur\u00ebn jo si nj\u00eb stoli, por si nj\u00eb arm\u00eb q\u00eb duhej t\u00eb forconte unitetin komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb luft\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar shtetin komb\u00ebtar shqiptar.<\/p>\n Let\u00ebrsia politike<\/strong><\/p>\n Gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit mendimi politik shqiptar u shpreh me mjete t\u00eb panjohura m\u00eb par\u00eb. T\u00eb tilla ishin protestat e memorandumet drejtuar Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat vet\u00ebm fare pak u redaktuan nga kryesia e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb shumica d\u00ebrrmuese u hartua me nism\u00ebn e deg\u00ebve krahinore t\u00eb saj ose t\u00eb qarqeve t\u00eb ndryshme atdhetare t\u00eb vendit. Pavar\u00ebsisht nga autor\u00ebt, ato pajtohen nd\u00ebrmjet tyre n\u00eb trajtimin dhe n\u00eb zgjidhjen e \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve themelore q\u00eb shqet\u00ebsonin L\u00ebvizjen Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare. Pothuajse t\u00eb gjitha flasin n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb kombit shqiptar. Kudo spikat fryma e v\u00ebllaz\u00ebrimit t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve pavar\u00ebsisht nga dallimet fetare, spikat krenaria e tyre p\u00ebr traditat e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta liridash\u00ebse dhe vendosm\u00ebria p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur t\u00eb drejtat komb\u00ebtare. Takimi i tyre n\u00eb k\u00ebto \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme politike tregonte se platforma ideologjike komb\u00ebtare kishte dep\u00ebrtuar thell\u00eb n\u00eb shtresat e gjera t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb shqiptare.<\/p>\n Por shprehjen e vet m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, si nga forma ashtu dhe nga p\u00ebrmbajtja, ajo e gjeti te traktatet politike dhe te shkrimet publicistike t\u00eb hartuara nga personalitetet e l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr publikun nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar. Patriot\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb e kishin ndier prej koh\u00ebsh nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr nj\u00eb tribun\u00eb shtypi t\u00eb pavarur. Por Porta e Lart\u00eb e kishte kund\u00ebrshtuar vazhdimisht lejen p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb nj\u00eb organ periodik shqip brenda kufijve t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb. Edhe p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb botuar nj\u00eb gazet\u00eb shqiptare jasht\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane kishin d\u00ebshtuar pjes\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr munges\u00eb mjetesh financiare, pjes\u00ebrisht nga q\u00ebndrimi armiq\u00ebsor i qeverive t\u00eb huaja. Me p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb m\u00ebdha Sami Frash\u00ebri arriti ta shtinte n\u00eb dor\u00eb, n\u00eb qershor t\u00eb vitit 1878, drejtimin e gazet\u00ebs turke \u201cTerxhuman-i Shark\u201d (\u201cInterpreti i Lindjes\u201d), q\u00eb botohej n\u00eb Stamboll, por kjo nuk pati jet\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, pasi pas kat\u00ebr muajsh u mbyll nga censura osmane. Nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb von\u00eb L\u00ebvizjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare i erdhi n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb nj\u00eb nga arvanit\u00ebt m\u00eb p\u00ebrparimtar\u00eb t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb, Anastas Kullurioti, i cili filloi n\u00eb shtator 1879 botimin n\u00eb Athin\u00eb t\u00eb gazet\u00ebs \u201cI foni tis Alvanias\u201d (\u201cZ\u00ebri i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d), por edhe kjo u mbyll pas nj\u00eb viti.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebr penat publicistike Abdyl Frash\u00ebri u dallua n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr gam\u00ebn e problemeve, p\u00ebr forc\u00ebn e argumenteve dhe p\u00ebr qart\u00ebsin\u00eb e mendimeve n\u00eb shkrimet e tij t\u00eb botuara n\u00eb shtypin turk, austriak e fr\u00ebng. Ai shtjelloi n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb koncize pothuajse t\u00eb gjitha aspektet e platform\u00ebs ideologjike e politike t\u00eb L\u00ebvizjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi dhe t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare t\u00eb Prizrenit n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti. Nj\u00eb veprimtari po aq t\u00eb pasur zhvilloi gjithashtu Sami Frash\u00ebri, i cili u shqua n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e publicistik\u00ebs polemizuese kund\u00ebr armiqve t\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjes komb\u00ebtare shqiptare. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, ai trajtoi n\u00eb gazet\u00ebn e vet \u201cTerxhuman-i Shark\u201d, nga k\u00ebndi i interesave t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, edhe ngjarjet e p\u00ebrditshme nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. N\u00eb publicistik\u00ebn e k\u00ebtyre viteve mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb gjithashtu, ndon\u00ebse n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb kufizuar, Jani Vretoja, Thimi Mitkoja dhe shum\u00eb atdhetar\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i botuan shkrimet e tyre pa emrin e autorit. Nj\u00eb kontribut t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm dha n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb edhe Jeronim de Rada, nj\u00eb nga arb\u00ebresh\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb shquar t\u00eb Italis\u00eb.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrmjet traktateve politike t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre viteve, vendin kryesor e z\u00eb vepra e Pashko Vas\u00ebs \u201cE v\u00ebrteta mbi Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe shqiptar\u00ebt\u201d, e cila u botua m\u00eb 1879 fr\u00ebngjisht, anglisht e gjermanisht, kurse nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb von\u00eb u p\u00ebrkthye turqisht e greqisht. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb vep\u00ebr autori kishte p\u00ebr q\u00ebllim, sikurse shkruante vet\u00eb, ta b\u00ebnte t\u00eb njohur popullin shqiptar para bot\u00ebs s\u00eb qytet\u00ebruar \u201cme cil\u00ebsit\u00eb, me t\u00eb metat, me nevojat dhe me shpresat e tij\u201d, t\u00eb tregonte origjin\u00ebn e tij si nj\u00eb nga popujt m\u00eb t\u00eb lasht\u00eb t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs, t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruante fazat q\u00eb ai kishte kaluar gjat\u00eb shekujve, ta mbronte nga armiqt\u00eb keqdash\u00ebs q\u00eb e kishin p\u00ebrbuzur dhe t\u00eb argumentonte t\u00eb drejtat komb\u00ebtare q\u00eb i takonin, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe at\u00eb t\u00eb bashkimit t\u00eb vilajeteve shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, q\u00eb do t\u00eb sh\u00ebnonte nj\u00eb hap drejt autonomis\u00eb s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n \u00c7\u00ebshtjes s\u00eb aleat\u00ebve t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb luft\u00ebn e tyre komb\u00ebtare iu kushtuan dy traktate t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta. N\u00eb nj\u00ebrin prej tyre, t\u00eb botuar bullgarisht n\u00eb Sofje m\u00eb 1879 nga Jusuf Ali beu, me titull \u201cBisedime t\u00eb dit\u00ebs q\u00eb meritojn\u00eb v\u00ebmendje\u201d, autori shprehte mendimin se shqiptar\u00ebt e bullgar\u00ebt kishin mjaft interesa t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt krijonin mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb bashk\u00ebluft\u00ebtar\u00eb. N\u00eb tjetr\u00ebn, t\u00eb botuar greqisht n\u00eb Athin\u00eb m\u00eb 1880 nga Thimi Brandi, me titull \u201cAnkime t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve\u201d, mbrohej teza se shqiptar\u00ebt e grek\u00ebt rrezikoheshin nj\u00ebsoj nga rritja e shteteve sllave, se asnj\u00ebra nga t\u00eb dyja pal\u00ebt nuk mund t\u00eb shpresonte te Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, se historia u diktonte rrug\u00ebn e bashk\u00ebpunimit t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb politik dhe se k\u00ebt\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim e pengonin vet\u00ebm qarqet zyrtare greke, t\u00eb cilat mendonin pa t\u00eb drejt\u00eb se me zhvillimin e saj l\u00ebvizja kulturore shqiptare do t\u00eb pak\u00ebsonte shk\u00eblqimin e helenizmit. Nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb politike t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre viteve z\u00eb, m\u00eb n\u00eb fund, broshura \u201cShqiptar\u00ebt dhe demonstrata navale p\u00ebrpara juris\u00eb eprore t\u00eb shtypit\u201d, q\u00eb nj\u00eb autor anonim shqiptar e botoi fr\u00ebngjisht m\u00eb 1880, p\u00ebr q\u00ebndres\u00ebn q\u00eb organizoi Lidhja e Prizrenit n\u00eb mbrojtje t\u00eb Ulqinit. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb broshur\u00eb autori u b\u00ebn nj\u00eb akuz\u00eb t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi dhe qeveris\u00eb britanike n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, t\u00eb cilat, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrkrahnin iden\u00eb e krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb shteti komb\u00ebtar shqiptar si e vetmja rrug\u00eb e drejt\u00eb e zgjidhjes s\u00eb Kriz\u00ebs Lindore, d\u00ebrguan flot\u00ebn e tyre luftarake p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtypur me dhun\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat legjitime t\u00eb nj\u00eb populli liridash\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Shkrimet publicistike dhe traktatet politike trajtojn\u00eb po at\u00eb tem\u00eb q\u00eb frym\u00ebzuan protestat e memorandumet e k\u00ebsaj periudhe – njohjen e shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare si nj\u00eb komb i formuar plot\u00ebsisht dhe miratimin e t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre supreme p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur shtetin komb\u00ebtar n\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e tyre etnik\u00eb.<\/p>\n Me k\u00ebto shkrime e traktate autor\u00ebt soll\u00ebn nj\u00eb varg argumentesh historike, filozofike, etnografike, filologjike e politike, q\u00eb provonin se shqiptar\u00ebt i kishin t\u00eb gjitha vetit\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb nj\u00eb komb dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar shtetin e vet. Nj\u00eb nga argumentet e dor\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb ishte prejardhja e shqiptar\u00ebve nga ilir\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt njiheshin si pasardh\u00ebs t\u00eb pellazg\u00ebve, pra, lasht\u00ebsia e tyre shprehej n\u00eb lasht\u00ebsin\u00eb e autoktonis\u00eb, t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs e t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs. Ata kritikuan tez\u00ebn pseudoshkencore t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapur n\u00eb ato vite, sipas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs nuk kishte nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb vetme shqipe, por aq gjuh\u00eb sa ishin dialektet e saj ose tez\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr se t\u00eb folmet e saj ishin \u201cdialekte t\u00eb bastardhuara\u201d t\u00eb greqishtes a t\u00eb latinishtes dhe mbrojt\u00ebn pik\u00ebpamjen, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e kishin pranuar gjuh\u00ebtar\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb shquar t\u00eb koh\u00ebs, se gjuha shqipe ishte nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb m\u00eb vete n\u00eb familjen e gjuh\u00ebve indoevropiane, se dallimet dialektore brenda saj nuk kishin r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi themelore dhe se lidhjet nd\u00ebrmjet saj e greqishtes ose latinishtes ishin pak a shum\u00eb nj\u00ebsoj si lidhjet nd\u00ebrmjet gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb ndryshme indoevropiane. Po ashtu, ata soll\u00ebn argumente t\u00eb reja me t\u00eb cilat provuan se shqiptar\u00ebt e t\u00eb gjitha besimeve e t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha krahinave kishin t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin formim shpirt\u00ebror. Shqiptar\u00ebt, shkruante Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, kan\u00eb pasur kultur\u00ebn e tyre t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb qysh n\u00eb koh\u00ebt parahistorike; ata u kan\u00eb q\u00ebndruar besnik\u00eb, deri n\u00eb nj\u00ebfar\u00eb shkalle, traditave t\u00eb lashta pasi p\u00ebrqafuan jo vet\u00ebm krishterimin, por edhe islamizmin. N\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri dallimet fetare, n\u00ebnvizonte ai, nuk kan\u00eb ndonj\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi p\u00ebrball\u00eb dallimeve shoq\u00ebrore. Shoq\u00ebria shqiptare karakterizohej, sipas tij, nga ndarja n\u00eb krer\u00eb e n\u00eb popull dhe jo nga ndarja n\u00eb mysliman\u00eb e t\u00eb krishter\u00eb. Mysliman\u00ebt dhe t\u00eb krishter\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb, shkruante Pashko Vasa, \u201cflasin po at\u00eb gjuh\u00eb, kan\u00eb po ato zakone, vazhdojn\u00eb po ato doke dhe po ato tradita. Midis tyre nuk ka pasur kurr\u00eb smir\u00eb t\u00eb rr\u00ebnjosur, as armiq\u00ebsira shekullore. Ndryshimi i fes\u00eb nuk ka qen\u00eb kurr\u00eb shkak p\u00ebr t\u2019i shtytur n\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7arje sistematike\u201d. Pothuajse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb autor\u00ebt e k\u00ebsaj periudhe evokuan n\u00eb shkrimet e tyre politike figur\u00ebn e ndritur t\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbeut si mish\u00ebrim i nj\u00ebsis\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, si simbol i atdhedashuris\u00eb shqiptare dhe si flamur i luft\u00ebs \u00e7lirimtare. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet emrit t\u00eb tij t\u00eb lavdish\u00ebm, ata u kujtonin sundimtar\u00ebve osman\u00eb se shqiptar\u00ebt ishin gati, n\u00eb rast se nuk do t\u2019u njiheshin t\u00eb drejtat e tyre komb\u00ebtare, t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritnin epopen\u00eb e shek. XV. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, ata u kujtonin popujve t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs se vendet e tyre kishin detyrime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha ndaj Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, e cila me luft\u00ebn e saj heroike q\u00eb kishte zhvilluar n\u00ebn udh\u00ebheqjen e Sk\u00ebnderbeut, e kishte mbrojtur lirin\u00eb e tyre nga pushtimi osman. Nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb publicistik\u00ebn e k\u00ebtyre viteve zun\u00eb shkrimet q\u00eb mbronin karakterin e programin komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit nga akuzat e shpifjet e armiqve t\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjes shqiptare, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt e paraqitnin at\u00eb si nj\u00eb organizat\u00eb fanatike islamike t\u00eb manipuluar nga Porta e Lart\u00eb dhe t\u00eb drejtuar kund\u00ebr popujve fqinj\u00eb t\u00eb krishter\u00eb. Sami Frash\u00ebri, i cili u dallua m\u00eb shum\u00eb se t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb, argumentoi me nj\u00eb varg artikujsh t\u00eb botuar n\u00eb shtypin osman se Lidhja e Prizrenit u formua nga nd\u00ebrgjegjja komb\u00ebtare e shqiptar\u00ebve dhe se Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk ka pasur gisht n\u00eb formimin e saj. \u201cSi mund t\u00eb thuhet, – shkruante ai, – se Lidhja e Prizrenit \u00ebsht\u00eb formuar mbi baz\u00ebn e fanatizmit mysliman, kur aty kan\u00eb marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb pa dallim feje mysliman\u00eb e t\u00eb krishter\u00eb, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb mbar\u00eb bijt\u00eb e atdheut?\u201d. Porta e Lart\u00eb, shkruante Samiu n\u00eb nj\u00eb artikull tjet\u00ebr, jo vet\u00ebm \u201cnuk ka pasur gisht n\u00eb formimin e saj\u201d, por ajo as \u201cnuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u2019i ndaloj\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt q\u00eb t\u00eb marrin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb\u201d. Lidhja e Prizrenit, theksonin nj\u00ebz\u00ebri patriot\u00ebt e k\u00ebtyre viteve, ka p\u00ebr q\u00ebllim t\u00eb mbroj\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve dhe nuk drejtohet kund\u00ebr kombeve t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb Ballkanit. \u201cLidhja Shqiptare, – shkruante m\u00eb 1879 nj\u00eb atdhetar anonim nga Shqip\u00ebria e Mesme, – \u00ebsht\u00eb lidhje komb\u00ebtare. Ajo nuk d\u00ebmton asnj\u00eb komb tjet\u00ebr. Ajo d\u00ebshiron, k\u00ebrkon dhe p\u00ebrpiqet me t\u00eb gjitha fuqit\u00eb e saj t\u00eb shp\u00ebtoj\u00eb kombin e vet duke bashkuar Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm autonom dhe t\u00eb shk\u00ebputet nga prapambetja duke zhvilluar shkrimin n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e komb\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb saj. Ajo d\u00ebshiron e k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb ket\u00eb paqe dhe miq\u00ebsi me t\u00eb gjitha kombet q\u00eb e rrethojn\u00eb. Ajo respekton e nderon t\u00eb gjitha komb\u00ebsit\u00eb e huaja dhe t\u00eb gjitha gjuh\u00ebt e tjera q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndodhen n\u00eb gjirin e saj\u201d.<\/p>\n M\u00eb n\u00eb fund, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb autor\u00ebt dhan\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin vler\u00ebsim p\u00ebr politik\u00ebn e ndjekur nga Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha n\u00eb lidhje me \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb e d\u00ebnuan nj\u00ebsoj Traktatin e Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit dhe Kongresin e Berlinit. Askush nuk pati iluzione se Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha do t\u2019i merrnin parasysh me vullnetin e tyre interesat komb\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Ata qen\u00eb nj\u00ebz\u00ebri t\u00eb mendimit, se n\u00eb kushtet e atyre viteve rreziku m\u00eb imediat vinte nga politika pansllaviste ruse, se me synimet e veta ekspansioniste Perandoria Cariste k\u00ebrc\u00ebnonte jo vet\u00ebm ekzistenc\u00ebn e komb\u00ebsis\u00eb shqiptare, por edhe at\u00eb t\u00eb komb\u00ebsive t\u00eb tjera ballkanike, madje edhe ekzistenc\u00ebn e komb\u00ebsive sllave t\u00eb gadishullit. Sipas mendimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb atdhetar\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb, e vetmja rrug\u00ebdalje nga situata dramatike, q\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnonte jo vet\u00ebm Gadishullin Ballkanik, por edhe Kontinentin Evropian, ishte respektimi i parimit t\u00eb komb\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00ebr\u00eb popujt. N\u00eb rast se Shqip\u00ebria do t\u00eb cop\u00ebtohej midis fqinj\u00ebve t\u00eb saj, Gadishulli Ballkanik nuk do t\u00eb kishte kurr\u00eb qet\u00ebsi, pasi shqiptar\u00ebt nuk do hiqnin asnj\u00ebher\u00eb dor\u00eb nga lufta p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar t\u00eb drejtat e tyre komb\u00ebtare. P\u00ebrkundrazi, theksonte Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, n\u00eb rast se Shqip\u00ebria do t\u00eb fitonte t\u00eb drejtat e saj, \u201cdo t\u00eb vij\u00eb dita kur Evropa do t\u00eb bindet se shqiptar\u00ebt i sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjes s\u00eb njer\u00ebzimit dhe t\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimit m\u00eb mir\u00eb se \u00e7do popull tjet\u00ebr i Lindjes\u201d.<\/p>\n Shoq\u00ebria e t\u00eb Shtypurit Shkronja Shqip (Shoq\u00ebria e Stambollit-1879)<\/strong><\/p>\n Hovi q\u00eb mori lufta p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb i dha gjithashtu nj\u00eb shtytje t\u00eb fuqishme l\u00ebvizjes n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e arsimit e t\u00eb let\u00ebrsis\u00eb shqipe, t\u00eb cilat tani synonin jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb ngrinin n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegjen atdhetare t\u00eb masave popullore, por edhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrballonin nevojat q\u00eb shtronte z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimi i administrat\u00ebs osmane me administrat\u00ebn shqiptare.<\/p>\n Q\u00eb me themelimin e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit, u ndje m\u00eb shum\u00eb se kurdoher\u00eb nevoja e ngutshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb caktuar alfabetin e nj\u00ebsuar t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs shqipe dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb fund anarkis\u00eb q\u00eb sundonte n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb. Po ashtu, tani u ndje m\u00eb shum\u00eb se m\u00eb par\u00eb nevoja e ngutshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar nj\u00eb organizat\u00eb qendrore ose, si\u00e7 thuhej at\u00ebher\u00eb, nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri kulturore, e cila t\u00eb merrte p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr barr\u00ebn e drejtimit e t\u00eb organizimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjeve p\u00ebr t\u00eb ngritur shkolla shqipe n\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar me ritme m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejta let\u00ebrsin\u00eb shqiptare, duke botuar tekste shkollore, vepra letrare, broshura shkencore e organe periodike shqipe. Nism\u00ebn p\u00ebr zgjidhjet e k\u00ebtyre dy detyrave e mori drejtp\u00ebrdrejt Komiteti i Stambollit. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim ai formoi qysh n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb vjesht\u00ebs s\u00eb vitit 1878 nj\u00eb komision t\u00eb gjer\u00eb prej 25 vetash, i cili ngarkoi nj\u00eb komision t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb me 7 an\u00ebtar\u00eb (Sami Frash\u00ebri, Jani Vreto, Pashko Vasa, Hoxha Tahsini, Koto Hoxhi, Ibrahim B\u00ebrzeshta, Said Toptani), p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e alfabetit t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt.<\/p>\n Sikurse shprehej disa dit\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb Thimi Brandi n\u00eb nj\u00eb let\u00ebr q\u00eb i drejtonte Jani Vretos, formimi i Komisionit Kulturor u p\u00ebrsh\u00ebndet si nj\u00eb hap i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm q\u00eb \u201cdo t\u00eb vinte themelet e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe\u201d. Por p\u00ebrpjekjet e atdhetar\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri kulturore t\u00eb ligjshme, e cila ta zhvillonte lirisht veprimtarin\u00eb e saj n\u00eb Perandorin\u00eb Osmane, p\u00ebrs\u00ebri d\u00ebshtuan. Porta e Lart\u00eb dhe n\u00ebn shembullin e saj Patrikana e Fanarit e kund\u00ebrshtuan k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e paraqitur prej tyre si p\u00ebr formimin e organizat\u00ebs kulturore, ashtu dhe p\u00ebr botimin e nj\u00eb gazete shqip.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa i vijuan p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr formimin e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb kulturore, atdhetar\u00ebt u mor\u00ebn me \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e alfabetit. N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb vitit 1879 para komisionit t\u00eb alfabetit u paraqit\u00ebn kat\u00ebr projekte t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr shkrimin e shqipes, t\u00eb cilat u diskutuan duke pasur parasysh kriteret shkencore, politike e praktike q\u00eb duheshin p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn shqipe. Prej tyre komisioni miratoi projektin e Sami Frash\u00ebrit, i cili ishte i nd\u00ebrtuar sipas parimit fonetik (p\u00ebr \u00e7do tingull nj\u00eb shkronj\u00eb) dhe sipas alfabetit latin, t\u00eb plot\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr tinguj t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb shqipes me shkronja t\u00eb huajtura nga alfabeti grek ose t\u00eb sajuara nga autori. Projektet e tjera nuk u pranuan p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb ndryshme, ose pse mb\u00ebshteteshin vet\u00ebm n\u00eb alfabetin grek (J. Vreto), ose pse nuk i p\u00ebrmbaheshin parimit fonetik (P. Vasa), ose pse p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e tij duheshin shtypshkronja t\u00eb posa\u00e7me (H. Tahsini).<\/p>\n N\u00eb nj\u00eb let\u00ebr q\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e komisionit u d\u00ebrgonin m\u00eb 5 mars 1879 bashkatdhetar\u00ebve q\u00eb banonin n\u00eb Egjipt, i porositnin t\u00eb p\u00ebrdornin, sikurse thuhet aty, \u201ck\u00ebt\u00eb alfabet (t\u00eb cilin) ne shok\u00eb v\u00ebllez\u00ebr shqiptar\u00eb… me nj\u00eb mendje, me nj\u00eb zem\u00ebr, me nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb, vum\u00eb themeli p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkruar gjuh\u00ebn ton\u00eb shqipen\u00eb\u201d. Ai sh\u00ebnonte nj\u00eb hap t\u00eb madh p\u00ebrpara n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e l\u00ebvizjes kulturore dhe p\u00ebr rrjedhim pati nj\u00eb p\u00ebrhapje t\u00eb gjer\u00eb n\u00eb mas\u00ebn e shqiptar\u00ebve. Megjithat\u00eb, edhe ai nuk ishte shum\u00eb praktik, pasi shtypshkronjat duhej t\u00eb pajiseshin dhe me disa shkronja t\u00eb posa\u00e7me. Kjo e met\u00eb shkaktoi m\u00eb von\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtime nga mjaft personalitete shqiptare, si pasoj\u00eb e t\u00eb cilave \u00e7\u00ebshtja e alfabetit t\u00eb nj\u00ebsuar mbeti p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00eb rend t\u00eb dit\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Tre muaj m\u00eb von\u00eb, komisioni botoi vepr\u00ebn e par\u00eb me alfabetin e ri, me titull \u201cAlfabetare e gluh\u00ebs\u00eb shqip\u201d, e cila p\u00ebrmbante, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 alfabetit t\u00eb Stambollit, disa shkrime m\u00ebsimore t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitura nga Sami Frash\u00ebri, Pashko Vasa, Jani Vreto e Koto Hoxhi.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr t\u00eb mos e acaruar m\u00eb shum\u00eb pak\u00ebnaq\u00ebsin\u00eb e shqiptar\u00ebve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb periudh\u00eb i kishte pushtuar vala e l\u00ebvizjes autonomiste, Porta e Lart\u00eb ngurroi t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhynte menj\u00ebher\u00eb kund\u00ebr k\u00ebsaj veprimtarie q\u00eb po zhvillohej brenda n\u00eb kryeqytetin e Perandoris\u00eb. K\u00ebt\u00eb rrethan\u00eb e shfryt\u00ebzuan atdhetar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt shpejtuan t\u00eb formonin, pa lejen e qeveris\u00eb, edhe shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb kulturore. Pas disa dit\u00eb bisedimesh paraprake, ata thirr\u00ebn n\u00eb Stamboll, m\u00eb 12 tetor 1879, nj\u00eb konferenc\u00eb t\u00eb posa\u00e7me, e cila do t\u00eb themelonte shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe do t\u00eb miratonte statutin e saj, sipas projektit q\u00eb kishte p\u00ebrgatitur Jani Vreto qysh n\u00eb tetorin e vitit t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm. N\u00eb konferenc\u00ebn e Stambollit mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb 27 veta, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonin, aq sa lejonin rrethanat politike, popullsin\u00eb shqiptare t\u00eb tri besimeve dhe t\u00eb krahinave kryesore t\u00eb vendit, q\u00eb nga Kosova deri n\u00eb \u00c7am\u00ebri. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, ata vinin nga radh\u00ebt e t\u00eb gjitha shtresave shoq\u00ebrore t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrmjet tyre kishte bejler\u00eb \u00e7ifligar\u00eb dhe intelektual\u00eb qytetar\u00eb, por shumic\u00ebn d\u00ebrrmuese e p\u00ebrb\u00ebnin emigrant\u00eb me origjin\u00eb fshatare, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kishin l\u00ebn\u00eb vendlindjen p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar n\u00eb kurbet. Krahas k\u00ebtyre njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb, aty mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb edhe figurat m\u00eb t\u00eb shquara t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ishin n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb edhe an\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit, si Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, Pashko Vasa, Jani Vreto, Sami Frash\u00ebri, Zija Prishtina etj.<\/p>\n M\u00eb 12 tetor 1879 konferenca vendosi themelimin e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb kulturore dhe miratoi kanonizm\u00ebn (statutin) e saj, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e n\u00ebnshkruan t\u00eb gjith\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit. Zyrtarisht organizata u quajt \u201cShoq\u00ebria e t\u00eb Shtypurit Shkronja Shqip\u201d, kurse shkurtimisht u b\u00eb zakon t\u00eb thirret \u201cShoq\u00ebria e Shkronj\u00ebzave\u201d, ose \u201cShoq\u00ebria e Stambollit\u201d. Kryetar i saj u zgjodh Sami Frash\u00ebri, kurse pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit e konferenc\u00ebs formuan k\u00ebshillin qendror t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n Programi i Shoq\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb Shtypurit Shkronja Shqip u shpreh n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb n\u00eb kanonizm\u00ebn e saj. Ai nisej nga teza e shpallur qysh prej rilind\u00ebsve t\u00eb par\u00eb, se \u00e7do komb q\u00eb nuk e shkruan gjuh\u00ebn e tij dhe nuk ka alfabetin e vet komb\u00ebtar \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb komb i prapambetur. Prandaj q\u00ebllimi i shoq\u00ebris\u00eb ishte ta nxirrte popullin shqiptar nga prapambetja duke zhvilluar arsimin komb\u00ebtar dhe let\u00ebrsin\u00eb shqipe. Ajo synonte t\u00eb mobilizonte n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb veprimtari t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt atdhetar\u00eb, kudo q\u00eb ndodheshin, n\u00eb atdhe ose n\u00eb m\u00ebrgim, duke i grumbulluar organizativisht, n\u00eb deg\u00eb krahinore t\u00eb varura prej qendr\u00ebs. Ajo mendonte gjithashtu t\u00eb krijonte nj\u00eb fond p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar nevojat materiale t\u00eb programit t\u00eb saj. Fondi do t\u00eb krijohej nga kuotizacionet e an\u00ebtar\u00ebve dhe nga t\u00eb ardhurat q\u00eb do t\u00eb mblidheshin nga shitja e librave. Sapo t\u00eb shtoheshin t\u00eb ardhurat, thuhej n\u00eb nenin 18, shoq\u00ebria do t\u00eb pajisej me nj\u00eb shtypshkronj\u00eb, me an\u00ebn e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs do t\u00eb shtypte libra, gazeta e revista shqipe. M\u00eb von\u00eb, thuhej n\u00eb nenin 19, kur t\u00eb ardhurat do t\u00eb rriteshin m\u00eb shum\u00eb, shoq\u00ebria do t\u00eb ngrinte me shpenzimet e saj edhe shkolla shqipe. K\u00ebto shkolla do t\u00eb ishin krejt t\u00eb pavarura dhe do t\u00eb formonin b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn e rrjetit arsimor komb\u00ebtar.<\/p>\n Krer\u00ebt e Shoq\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb Shtypurit Shkronja Shqip iu p\u00ebrvesh\u00ebn pun\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbatuar menj\u00ebher\u00eb programin e saj. Disa jav\u00eb pas themelimit t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb ata shtyp\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb shtypshkronj\u00eb t\u00eb Stambollit kanonizm\u00ebn e saj, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e shp\u00ebrndan\u00eb brenda e jasht\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb u nis n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri nj\u00eb grup aktivist\u00ebsh p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar n\u00eb formimin e deg\u00ebve t\u00eb Shoq\u00ebris\u00eb. Por gjat\u00eb vitit 1880 Porta e Lart\u00eb kaloi n\u00eb reaksion t\u00eb hapur kund\u00ebr l\u00ebvizjes kulturore shqiptare. Administrata e saj nd\u00ebrhyri me ashp\u00ebrsi dhe me k\u00ebrc\u00ebnime p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar veprimtarin\u00eb e Shoq\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb Shtypurit Shkronja Shqip. Ajo nuk dha leje as p\u00ebr botime librash, as p\u00ebr krijim deg\u00ebsh, as p\u00ebr ngritje shkollash shqipe. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb edhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb turkoman\u00ebve e t\u00eb grekoman\u00ebve, t\u00eb institucioneve klerikale islamike e ortodokse, nd\u00ebrmor\u00ebn nj\u00eb fushat\u00eb t\u00eb eg\u00ebr kund\u00ebr veprimtar\u00ebve t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes kulturore shqiptare. Peshkopi ortodoks i Drinopoj\u00ebs (Gjirokastr\u00ebs) l\u00ebshoi nj\u00eb mallkim publik kund\u00ebr shkrimit shqip. Hovi q\u00eb mori l\u00ebvizja kulturore shqiptare shqet\u00ebsoi jo vet\u00ebm kish\u00ebn fanariote, por edhe qeverin\u00eb greke. Si pasoj\u00eb e k\u00ebtij shqet\u00ebsimi, organet shtet\u00ebrore t\u00eb Athin\u00ebs ndaluan n\u00eb vjesht\u00ebn e vitit 1880 botimin e m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb gazet\u00ebs \u201cI foni tis Alvanias\u201d dhe filluan persekutimet kund\u00ebr botuesit t\u00eb saj, Anastas Kulluriotit. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana Shoq\u00ebria e t\u00eb Shtypurit Shkronja Shqip nuk pati mund\u00ebsi ta zhvillonte veprimtarin\u00eb e saj kulturore brenda Perandoris\u00eb Osmane dhe ca m\u00eb pak n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Madje ajo u detyrua t\u00eb kalonte n\u00eb ilegalitet. Ndjekjeve u shp\u00ebtoi vet\u00ebm dega e Shoq\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Shkronj\u00ebzave q\u00eb u formua m\u00eb 1880 n\u00eb Bukuresht (Rumani), e cila m\u00eb von\u00eb luajti nj\u00eb rol t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr plot\u00ebsimin e programit kulturor t\u00eb Shoq\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Stambollit.<\/p>\n Let\u00ebrsia popullore dhe artistike<\/strong><\/p>\n Nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb l\u00ebvizjen kulturore t\u00eb viteve t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit z\u00eb let\u00ebrsia popullore dhe artistike shqip. N\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb popullore nj\u00eb zhvillim shum\u00eb t\u00eb begatsh\u00ebm pati epika historike. N\u00eb qershor t\u00eb vitit 1878, n\u00eb dit\u00ebt e themelimit t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit, u botua n\u00eb Aleksandri t\u00eb Egjiptit vepra madhore e Thimi Mitkos \u201cB\u00ebleta shqiptare\u201d, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn qen\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb mjaft k\u00ebng\u00eb popullore historike t\u00eb krijuara gjat\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm nga poet\u00ebt anonim\u00eb t\u00eb krahinave t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00eb hullin\u00eb e k\u00ebtyre k\u00ebng\u00ebve eci edhe vepritmaria popullore e viteve t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit. Si m\u00eb par\u00eb, edhe tani ajo pati p\u00ebr q\u00ebllim t\u00eb p\u00ebrjet\u00ebsonte n\u00eb vargje ngjarjet trondit\u00ebse historike dhe t\u00eb frym\u00ebzonte brezat e rinj p\u00ebr betejat e ardhshme. Por poezia popullore historike e k\u00ebsaj periudhe dallohet nga ajo e dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr frym\u00ebn e saj m\u00eb t\u00eb theksuar komb\u00ebtare. Uniteti komb\u00ebtar i shqiptar\u00ebve q\u00eb krijoi Lidhja e Prizrenit n\u00eb fush\u00ebn politike, u pasqyrua k\u00ebshtu edhe n\u00eb krijimtarin\u00eb popullore historike.<\/p>\n Sipas tradit\u00ebs, rapsod\u00ebt popullor\u00eb krijimet e tyre letrare m\u00eb monumentale ua kushtuan ngjarjeve historike m\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebnuara. N\u00eb qerthullin e k\u00ebtyre ngjarjeve tani nuk hyn\u00eb vet\u00ebm momentet dramatike madhore, si\u00e7 ishin p\u00ebrpjekjet e armatosura me armiqt\u00eb e tyre, por edhe momentet politike kulmore. K\u00ebshtu, krahas k\u00ebng\u00ebve epike q\u00eb iu kushtuan luft\u00ebs p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e L\u00ebkur\u00ebsit e t\u00eb Gjasht\u00ebs, t\u00eb Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb, t\u00eb Hotit e t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs, t\u00eb Kelmendit e t\u00eb Ulqinit, t\u00eb Slivov\u00ebs e t\u00eb Shtimjes, u thur\u00ebn gjithashtu k\u00ebng\u00eb historike p\u00ebr kuvendet e Prizrenit e t\u00eb Gjirokastr\u00ebs, t\u00eb Gjakov\u00ebs e t\u00eb Frash\u00ebrit, t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs e t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs, madje edhe p\u00ebr forume t\u00eb tilla nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, si\u00e7 ishte Kongresi i Berlinit. Po ashtu, tani poet\u00ebt anonim\u00eb u ngrit\u00ebn monumente n\u00eb vargje jo vet\u00ebm kryetrimave q\u00eb u shquan n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e luft\u00ebs, si Mic Sokoli, Ali Ibra, Isuf Sokoli, Col Delia, \u00c7el Shabani ose Sef Kosharja, por edhe ideolog\u00ebve ose udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsve politik\u00eb t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit, si\u00e7 ishin Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, Sulejman Vokshi, Ali pash\u00eb Gucia, Haxhi Ymeri (Ymer Prizreni) etj.<\/p>\n T\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebng\u00ebt popullore historike t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre viteve kan\u00eb karakter epik ose retorik. Pavar\u00ebsisht se jan\u00eb thurur nga rapsod\u00eb t\u00eb viseve t\u00eb ndryshme dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur nga nj\u00ebra-tjetra, ato bashkohen qoft\u00eb nga boshti tematik, qoft\u00eb nga frym\u00ebzimi atdhetar. N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet vargjeve t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb pasura me figura dhe shprehje poetike, autor\u00ebt anonim\u00eb himnizojn\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt ose t\u00ebrthorazi luft\u00ebn atdhetare t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare t\u00eb Prizrenit. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb ata stigmatizojn\u00eb her\u00eb me tallje, her\u00eb me sarkaz\u00ebm armiqt\u00eb, kryesisht \u201cshtat\u00eb krajlat\u201d (gjasht\u00eb Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha s\u00eb bashku me Perandorin\u00eb Osmane), rreshtimi i t\u00eb cil\u00ebve kund\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb shkaktonte te shqiptar\u00ebt jo frik\u00eb, por krenari.<\/p>\n Krenaria komb\u00ebtare, e lidhur ngusht\u00eb me besimin p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen, mbizot\u00ebron pothuajse n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebng\u00ebt popullore historike t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj periudhe. Shqiptar\u00ebt jan\u00eb krenar\u00eb, sepse asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk i kan\u00eb l\u00ebshuar arm\u00ebt kund\u00ebr sundimtarit osman: \u201cSe Shqipnia e ka pas adet \/ Nga nj\u00eb pash\u00eb me mbyt p\u00ebr vjet!\u201d, thuhet n\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00eb popullore t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre viteve. Sef Kosharja nuk e ndien veten t\u00eb turp\u00ebruar, si dikur kreshnik\u00ebt mesjetar\u00eb, kur mareshali osman Dervish Pasha e d\u00ebnoi me varje n\u00eb maj\u00ebn e nj\u00eb lisi. P\u00ebrkundrazi, ai \u00ebsht\u00eb krenar se vdes p\u00ebr atdhe (\u201cPo hije m\u2019ka mue, o djemt\u2019e mi \/ Se kam lan\u00eb shpirtin p\u00ebr Shqipni\u201d). N\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00eb tjet\u00ebr popullore, Dervish Pasha, pasi e shtyp Lidhjen e Prizrenit pyet: Ku ndodhet Sulejman Vokshi, q\u00eb nuk po e kap dot? Ku u zhduk populli q\u00eb shkon pas tij? Dhe rapsodi p\u00ebrgjigjet: Jan\u00eb atje lart n\u00eb bjeshk\u00eb, atje ku zbardhin ret\u00eb dhe s\u00eb shpejti do t\u00eb takohen p\u00ebrs\u00ebri me t\u00eb (\u201cN\u2019ato bjeshk\u00eb, te ret\u00eb e bardha \/ Q\u2019atje nelt, ku zbardhin ret\u2019\/ Kjoft kysmet do\u2019i shihsh opet!\u201d). As Abdyl Frash\u00ebri nuk e ndien veten t\u00eb mundur ose t\u00eb turp\u00ebruar kur kalonte p\u00ebrmes Manastirit i lidhur me hekura dhe i shoq\u00ebruar nga xhandar\u00ebt osman\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt po e \u00e7onin n\u00eb burgun e Prizrenit. P\u00ebrkundrazi, k\u00ebndon rapsodi popullor, \u201cemiri i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d (\u201cudh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi\u201d i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb) iu drejtua me krenari e me optimiz\u00ebm nj\u00eb konsulli t\u00eb huaj, i cili qeshi me ironi kur e pa t\u00eb lidhur me pranga: \u201cNe e mboll\u00ebm k\u00ebt\u00eb far\u00eb \/ Po t\u00eb tjer\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb \/ Do ta korrin m\u00eb t\u00eb mbar\u00eb!\u201d. Edhe let\u00ebrsia artistike e k\u00ebtyre viteve u dallua p\u00ebr karakterin m\u00eb t\u00eb theksuar komb\u00ebtar luftarak, p\u00ebr lidhjen e ngusht\u00eb me detyrat politike, p\u00ebr rolin m\u00eb t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm edukativ atdhetar dhe p\u00ebr v\u00ebllimin m\u00eb t\u00eb pasur t\u00eb krijimeve letrare.<\/p>\n Vrulli i l\u00ebvizjes atdhetare q\u00eb shp\u00ebrtheu gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit t\u00ebrhoqi n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb mjaft pena t\u00eb reja, por shumica e krijimeve t\u00eb tyre letrare mbet\u00ebn t\u00eb pabotuara. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 \u201cAlfabetares\u201d dhe \u201cKanonizm\u00ebs\u201d s\u00eb Shoq\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Stambollit, t\u00eb cilat ishin nj\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim, Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk lejoi asnj\u00eb shkrim tjet\u00ebr shqip q\u00eb t\u00eb botohej n\u00eb Perandorin\u00eb Osmane. Por edhe jasht\u00eb kufijve t\u00eb saj mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e botimit ishin t\u00eb kufizuara. Vet\u00ebm pak shkrime shqipe arrit\u00ebn t\u00eb botoheshin n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb organ periodik t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, si\u00e7 ishte gazeta \u201cI foni tis Alvanias\u201d q\u00eb dilte n\u00eb Athin\u00eb, ose revista \u201cIris\u201d, q\u00eb shtypej n\u00eb Bukuresht. P\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar nj\u00eb p\u00ebrhapje m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb n\u00eb rradh\u00ebt e bashkatdhetar\u00ebve, disa krijime letrare shqipe, si\u00e7 ishte poema \u201cMori Shqypni\u201d e Pashko Vas\u00ebs dhe himni me titull \u201cMarsejeza\u201d i Thimi Mitkos, u botuan n\u00eb flet\u00eb qarkulluese dhe u shp\u00ebrndan\u00eb n\u00eb atdhe me an\u00ebn e veprimtar\u00ebve t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit. Pati gjithashtu krijime letrare, t\u00eb cilat u shp\u00ebrndan\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrim midis bashkatdhetar\u00ebve. K\u00ebshtu ndodhi, p\u00ebr shembull, me poem\u00ebn \u201cShqip\u00ebria\u201d, t\u00eb shkruar nga Naim Frash\u00ebri.<\/p>\n L\u00ebvizja letrare shqipe u zhvillua kryesisht n\u00eb gjinin\u00eb e poezis\u00eb luftarake. Kjo u lidh me detyrat politike e kulturore m\u00eb t\u00eb ngutshme q\u00eb shtroheshin para l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi dhe Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti. Si rrjedhim, tematika e rrahur prej saj ishte po ajo q\u00eb trajtoi edhe let\u00ebrsia politike e atyre viteve. N\u00eb \u00e7do poezi spikat thirrja p\u00ebr bashkimin e shqiptar\u00ebve si nj\u00eb trup i vet\u00ebm pavar\u00ebsisht nga dallimet fetare. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb autor\u00ebt e tyre d\u00ebnojn\u00eb armiqt\u00eb e atdheut – Perandorin\u00eb Osmane, Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, monarkit\u00eb ballkanike dhe institucionet klerikale. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb l\u00ebshojn\u00eb kushtrimin p\u00ebr t\u00eb rr\u00ebmbyer arm\u00ebt jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar lirin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, por edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb e saj tok\u00ebsore. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb ata ftojn\u00eb bashkatdhetar\u00ebt e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkruar gjuh\u00ebn amtare, l\u00ebvrimin e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs e vler\u00ebsonin si nj\u00eb arm\u00eb t\u00eb fuqishme jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr p\u00ebrparimin e vendit, por edhe p\u00ebr thellimin e l\u00ebvizjes atdhetare.<\/p>\n Krijimi letrar m\u00eb i frym\u00ebzuar i viteve t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb nj\u00eb nga poezit\u00eb m\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuese t\u00eb mbar\u00eb Rilindjes Komb\u00ebtare \u00ebsht\u00eb poema \u201cMori Shqypni\u201d e Pashko Vas\u00ebs. Me nj\u00eb pasuri figurash poetike, me nj\u00eb patos romantik atdhetar dhe me nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb rrjedhshme, autori synon t\u00eb ngrej\u00eb pesh\u00eb zemrat e bashkatdhetar\u00ebve n\u00eb luft\u00eb p\u00ebr lirin\u00eb e atdheut. Ai e fillon poem\u00ebn e vet duke kund\u00ebrv\u00ebn\u00eb mjerimin e at\u00ebhersh\u00ebm t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb me madh\u00ebshtin\u00eb e saj t\u00eb dikurshme. Shqip\u00ebria, k\u00ebndon poeti, dikur zonj\u00eb e nderuar, n\u00ebn\u00eb trimash t\u00eb d\u00ebgjuar, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn i kallnin tmerrin armikut, tani ishte e shtrir\u00eb p\u00ebrdhe si nj\u00eb lis i lart\u00eb, gjithkush e shkelte me k\u00ebmb\u00eb trupin e saj dhe askush nuk e thoshte nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb t\u00eb \u00ebmb\u00ebl p\u00ebr t\u00eb. Pse ndodhte kjo? Kjo ndodhte, theksonte autori, jo se shqiptar\u00ebt e kishin humbur trim\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe atdhedashurin\u00eb e dikurshme, por se ishin t\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7ar\u00eb nga institucionet fetare, se ishin t\u00eb ndar\u00eb nga krer\u00ebt n\u00eb nj\u00ebqind \u201c\u00e7eta\u201d dhe, si rrjedhim, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb bashkoheshin kund\u00ebr armiqve, luftonin kund\u00ebr nj\u00ebri-tjetrit. Pas tablos\u00eb dramatike, fillon shp\u00ebrthimi epik i poetit atdhetar, i cili i fton shqiptar\u00ebt t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb m\u00ebnjan\u00eb fet\u00eb, t\u00eb bashkohen t\u00eb gjith\u00eb si v\u00ebllez\u00ebr, t\u00eb lidhen t\u00eb gjith\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb bes\u00eb, t\u00eb rr\u00ebmbejn\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb arm\u00ebt dhe \u201cPara se t\u00eb humbas\u00eb k\u00ebshtu Shqipnia \/ Me pushk\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb le t\u00eb vdes\u00eb trimnia\u201d. Poema arrin pik\u00ebn e vet kulmore kur autori l\u00ebshon thirrjen p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur me \u00e7do kusht tok\u00ebn shqiptare: \u201cAsht toka jon\u00eb, t\u2019par\u00ebt na e kan\u00eb lan\u00eb \/ Kush mos e preki! T\u00eb vdesim t\u00eb tan\u00eb! \/ T\u00eb vdesim si burrat qi diqen motit\u201d.<\/p>\n K\u00ebt\u00eb kalim nga nota heroike p\u00ebr t\u00eb kalur\u00ebn n\u00eb gj\u00ebm\u00ebn elegjiake p\u00ebr t\u00eb tashmen, e p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn edhe autor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre viteve, si Thimi Mitkoja, Naim Frash\u00ebri dhe Nikolla \u00c7ako, pasi u jepte dor\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ndiznin me patos atdhetar zemrat e bashkatdhetar\u00ebve n\u00eb luft\u00ebn p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e madhe t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n T\u00eb gjith\u00eb krijuesit letrar\u00eb t\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit jan\u00eb krenar\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn e shqiptar\u00ebve, e cila z\u00eb fill me pellazg\u00ebt parahistorik\u00eb, ata krenohen p\u00ebr figurat e m\u00ebdha q\u00eb kan\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb historin\u00eb e njer\u00ebzimit, si Aleksandri i Maqedonis\u00eb, Pirroja i Epirit, sidomos Sk\u00ebnderbeu (q\u00eb, si\u00e7 theksonte Naim Frash\u00ebri, i dha \u201cd\u00ebrm\u00ebn\u201d Perandoris\u00eb Turke) ose Marko Bo\u00e7ari (q\u00eb, si\u00e7 shprehej Nikolla \u00c7ako, fitoi kund\u00ebr \u201cskllav\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d osmane). N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet k\u00ebtyre evokimeve ata i p\u00ebrgjigjeshin n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb atij opinioni konservator evropian, q\u00eb e paraqiste kombin shqiptar si nj\u00eb popull pa histori. Madje, si poet\u00eb, ata reagonin m\u00eb me pasion sesa si prozator\u00eb, duke arritur deri n\u00eb at\u00eb shkall\u00eb sa lasht\u00ebsin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve nuk e shprehnin me argumente historike, por me hiperbola letrare (p\u00ebr Naimin Shqip\u00ebria ka qen\u00eb gjall\u00eb q\u00eb kur u krijua bota, p\u00ebr Mitkon shqiptar\u00ebt kan\u00eb lindur para se t\u00eb formohej h\u00ebna).<\/p>\n Ashtu si Pashko Vasa, edhe poet\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb e p\u00ebrshkruajn\u00eb gjendjen e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb atyre viteve me ngjyrat m\u00eb t\u00eb err\u00ebta. Ata kan\u00eb pika takimi edhe kur trajtojn\u00eb detyrat q\u00eb shtroheshin para vendit. \u00c7\u2019na duhet trim\u00ebria, theksonte Naimi, n\u00eb qoft\u00eb se prej saj nuk fiton gj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria? Madje, vijonte ai, sot Shqip\u00ebria ka nevoj\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr trim\u00ebrin\u00eb e bijve t\u00eb saj, por edhe p\u00ebr diturin\u00eb e tyre e n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr l\u00ebvrimin e gjuh\u00ebs amtare. N\u00eb nj\u00eb thirrje t\u00eb varg\u00ebzuar Thimi Mitkoja u kujtonte bashkatdhetar\u00ebve se p\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar nga sundimi i huaj dhe p\u00ebr ta ndritur kombin e tyre, duhej t\u00eb luftonin p\u00ebr tri \u00e7\u00ebshtje: p\u00ebr lirin\u00eb, p\u00ebr vet\u00ebligj\u00ebsin\u00eb (autonomin\u00eb) dhe p\u00ebr shkrimin e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 detyr\u00ebs q\u00eb ishte n\u00eb rend t\u00eb dit\u00ebs – mbrojtja e trojeve shqiptare. Madje, t\u00eb pushtuar nga patosi atdhetar, shpeshher\u00eb ata shkuan m\u00eb larg se k\u00ebrkesat q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbante programi politik i Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit.<\/p>\n N\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e rasteve ata u b\u00ebn\u00eb thirrje v\u00ebllez\u00ebrve t\u00eb tyre jo aq p\u00ebr \u201cvet\u00ebligj\u00ebsi\u201d, sesa p\u00ebr \u201czbimin e Turqis\u00eb\u201d dhe \u201clirin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d, si n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Sk\u00ebnderbeut. Karakteristik\u00eb tjet\u00ebr e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt e poet\u00ebve t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre viteve ishte optimizmi p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen e atdheut. Ashtu si n\u00eb shkrimet politike, edhe n\u00eb krijimet letrare autor\u00ebt ishin t\u00eb bindur se, me djem trima si ata q\u00eb luftuan n\u00eb Guci dhe me udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs t\u00eb ndritur si Abdyl Frash\u00ebri me shok\u00eb, Shqip\u00ebria e rob\u00ebruar dhe e prapambetur do ta fitonte nj\u00eb dit\u00eb lirin\u00eb e humbur e do t\u00eb hynte shpejt n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e qytet\u00ebrimit. N\u00eb nj\u00eb poezi greqisht, nj\u00eb poet anomin e shprehte optimizmin e vet p\u00ebr luft\u00ebn e m\u00ebtejshme t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve me k\u00ebto kat\u00ebr vargje: Lufta p\u00ebr realizimin e autonomis\u00eb dhe shtypja e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit<\/strong><\/p>\n Kryengritja e armatosur dhe formimi i qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme (dhjetor 1880-janar 1881) Pas dor\u00ebzimit t\u00eb Ulqinit forcat politike shqiptare dhe ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht Lidhja Shqiptare e Prizrenit e p\u00ebrqendruan v\u00ebmendjen n\u00eb dy \u00e7\u00ebshtje kryesore: n\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb pretendimeve greke ndaj \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb dhe n\u00eb problemin e t\u00eb drejtave autonomiste t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb periudh\u00eb u rrit m\u00eb tej vendosm\u00ebria e shqiptar\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos i l\u00ebshuar Greqis\u00eb asnj\u00eb p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00eb tok\u00eb t\u00eb \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n T\u00eb gjitha forcat atdhetare kishin q\u00ebndrim t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje, vijuan t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin q\u00eb Protokolli nr.13 t\u00eb korrigjohej n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb q\u00eb Greqia t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqej jo me vise shqiptare, por me troje greke n\u00eb Thesali.<\/p>\n Edhe Porta e Lart\u00eb, duke qen\u00eb e bindur se p\u00ebrdorimi i dhun\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u2019i detyruar shqiptar\u00ebt t\u00eb hiqnin dor\u00eb nga \u00c7am\u00ebria do t\u00eb shkaktonte nj\u00eb kryengritje t\u00eb re, me p\u00ebrmasa t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, po kund\u00ebrshtonte zbatimin me forc\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtij vendimi. Stambolli u p\u00ebrpoq t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitonte nga zvarritja e \u00e7\u00ebshtjes s\u00eb \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb masat p\u00ebr rivendosjen e autoritetit t\u00eb tij t\u00eb tronditur n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtypur l\u00ebvizjen autonomiste. Megjith\u00ebse krahu i moderuar i Lidhjes Shqiptare hoqi dor\u00eb nga lufta p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, atdhetar\u00ebt radikal\u00eb e vazhduan at\u00eb m\u00eb me forc\u00eb pas ngjarjeve t\u00eb Ulqinit. N\u00eb nj\u00eb mbledhje t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb q\u00eb u mbajt n\u00eb Prizren n\u00eb n\u00ebntor, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn mori pjes\u00eb edhe Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, u vendos q\u00eb ky (Abdyl Frash\u00ebri) t\u00eb nisej p\u00ebr n\u00eb Stamboll p\u00ebr t\u2019i paraqitur edhe nj\u00ebher\u00eb Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn p\u00ebr bashkimin e vilajeteve dhe ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj kryengritja kund\u00ebrosmane t\u00eb niste sapo t\u00eb shihej se Porta e Lart\u00eb do t\u00eb kalonte n\u00eb sulm kund\u00ebr Lidhjes Shqiptare t\u00eb Prizrenit. Qysh n\u00eb jav\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb muajit dhjetor 1880 Porta e Lart\u00eb filloi t\u00eb kalonte shkall\u00eb-shkall\u00eb n\u00eb sulm kund\u00ebr l\u00ebvizjes autonomiste shqiptare. Goditjen e par\u00eb ua dha forcave atdhetare n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr. Menj\u00ebher\u00eb pasi p\u00ebrfundoi dor\u00ebzimin e Ulqinit, Dervish Pasha u turr me eg\u00ebrsi t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme kund\u00ebr organeve t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit n\u00eb vilajetin e Shkodr\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilat arriti t\u2019i shp\u00ebrndante me terror, duke rivendosur pushtetin e administrat\u00ebs centraliste osmane. Mareshali turk u tregua m\u00eb i eg\u00ebr me partizan\u00ebt e l\u00ebvizjes autonomiste, sesa me pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit e luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ulqinit. M\u00eb 11 dhjetor ai arrestoi pabesisht dhe internoi n\u00eb Anadoll edhe figura t\u00eb tilla si Hodo Sokolin e Preng Bib\u00eb Dod\u00ebn, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00ebn e Ulqinit, por ishin p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebs t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave autonomiste, nd\u00ebrsa Daut Bori\u00e7in e izoloi n\u00eb Stamboll. Arrestime t\u00eb tjera nd\u00ebrmori ai n\u00eb qytetin e Shkodr\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Disa dit\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb Porta e Lart\u00eb e thirri n\u00eb Stamboll Dervish Pash\u00ebn dhe i ngarkoi detyr\u00ebn t\u00eb hartonte planin e nj\u00eb ekspedite t\u00eb madhe ushtarake kund\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtypur n\u00eb mbar\u00eb vendin Lidhjen Shqiptare dhe prirjen e saj p\u00ebr kryengritje t\u00eb armatosur kund\u00ebrosmane. N\u00eb relacionin q\u00eb i paraqiti sulltanit m\u00eb 27 dhjetor, Dervish Pasha k\u00ebrkonte q\u00eb l\u00ebvizja autonomiste shqiptare t\u00eb shtypej para se t\u00eb shp\u00ebrthente nj\u00eb kryengritje e p\u00ebrgjithshme e armatosur dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoheshin n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri 40 batalione ushtar\u00ebsh me dy qendra drejtuese, nj\u00ebra n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, tjetra n\u00eb Shkup, q\u00eb ekspedita ushtarake t\u00eb fillonte n\u00eb Veri dhe pas zgjidhjes s\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjes s\u00eb \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb t\u00eb shtrihej edhe n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Jugut. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb sulltan Abdyl Hamiti II u drejtoi shqiptar\u00ebve nj\u00eb thirrje t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme, ku i cil\u00ebsonte t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ata q\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin krijimin e nj\u00eb vilajeti t\u00eb vet\u00ebm shqiptar si armiqt\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb rreziksh\u00ebm t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane.<\/p>\n Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit shqiptar\u00eb i mor\u00ebn vesh synimet e Stambollit, prandaj i shpejtuan p\u00ebrgatitjet p\u00ebr organizimin e aksionit t\u00eb armatosur autonomist. Sipas planit t\u00eb tyre, ai do t\u00eb fillonte n\u00eb vilajetin e Kosov\u00ebs, do t\u00eb shtrihej menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs dhe pastaj do t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapej n\u00eb viset shqiptare t\u00eb dy vilajeteve t\u00eb tjera. N\u00eb Kosov\u00eb veprimet e armatosura filluan n\u00eb sanxhakun e Prizrenit, qysh n\u00eb muajin dhjetor 1880, me nj\u00eb varg sulmesh nga ana e fshatar\u00ebve kund\u00ebr administrat\u00ebs osmane. Fill pas tyre u ngrit\u00ebn banor\u00ebt e Prizrenit, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt d\u00ebbuan nga qyteti mytesarifin e sanxhakut s\u00eb bashku me n\u00ebpun\u00ebsit e huaj. K\u00ebtu mb\u00ebrriti n\u00eb ato dit\u00eb edhe Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, q\u00eb u largua fshehurazi nga Stambolli. Brenda pak dit\u00ebve qytete e krahina t\u00eb tjera, si Shkupi, Gjakova, Luma e Gucia, u \u00e7liruan e u pastruan nga administrata perandorake dhe u bashkuan me pushtetin e ri q\u00eb u ngrit n\u00eb Prizren.<\/p>\n Vrulli i l\u00ebvizjes kund\u00ebrosmane i nxiti udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb rrym\u00ebs radikale, t\u00eb grumbulluar n\u00eb Prizren, t\u00eb b\u00ebnin hapat e par\u00eb p\u00ebr zbatimin e programit t\u00eb tyre autonomist. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb dhjetorit ata riorganizuan Komitetin Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare, ku mbeti shumica e an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm, q\u00eb ishin edhe nd\u00ebr themeluesit e saj, si Ymer Prizreni, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, Sulejman Vokshi, Shuaip Spahiu, Ali Ibra etj. Komiteti Komb\u00ebtar mori vendime t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme: t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapte kryengritjen kund\u00ebrosmane n\u00eb krejt vilajetin e Kosov\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb th\u00ebrriste mbledhjen e Kuvendit t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar qeverin\u00eb e p\u00ebrkohshme. Kuvendi i Jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm i Lidhjes Shqiptare u mblodh n\u00eb Prizren n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb dhjet\u00ebdit\u00ebshit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb t\u00eb muajit janar. N\u00eb Kuvend mbajti nj\u00eb fjalim programatik Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin tha, midis t\u00eb tjerave: \u201cPorta e Lart\u00eb nuk do q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb asgj\u00eb p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb. Ajo i trajton me p\u00ebrbuzjen m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe si lutjet tona, ashtu edhe neve\u2026 Le t\u00eb mendojm\u00eb e le t\u00eb punojm\u00eb p\u00ebr vete dhe t\u00eb mos ket\u00eb asnj\u00eb ndryshim nd\u00ebrmjet tosk\u00ebve e geg\u00ebve. T\u00eb jemi t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb dhe t\u00eb formojm\u00eb nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri etnike t\u00eb bashkuar\u201d. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb formulim Abdyl Frash\u00ebri n\u00ebnkuptonte krijimin e \u201cnj\u00eb shteti autonom shqiptar\u201d, i cili, n\u00ebse nuk do t\u00eb njihej nga Stambolli dhe do t\u00eb sigurohej me an\u00ebn e kryengritjes s\u00eb armatosur, do t\u00eb shpinte vetvetiu n\u00eb shpalljen e pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n N\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim t\u00eb punimeve Kuvendi i Jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm miratoi, me pak ndryshime, Komitetin Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare. Duke marr\u00eb parasysh detyr\u00ebn e re q\u00eb shtrohej para vendit – z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimin e administrat\u00ebs osmane me administrat\u00ebn shqiptare autonome – Kuvendi e veshi organin qendror t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare me funksione t\u00eb plota pushtetore. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim ai e shpalli Komitetin Komb\u00ebtar qeveri t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme me kryetar Ymer Prizrenin, n\u00ebnkryetar Shuaip Spahiun dhe me dhjet\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00eb, midis t\u00eb cil\u00ebve ishin Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, i ngarkuar p\u00ebr pun\u00ebt e jashtme dhe Sulejman Vokshi, i ngarkuar p\u00ebr pun\u00ebt ushtarake.<\/p>\n Fill pas formimit t\u00eb saj qeveria e p\u00ebrkohshme u p\u00ebrpoq ta p\u00ebrhapte flak\u00ebn e kryengritjes \u00e7lirimtare n\u00eb viset e tjera t\u00eb vilajetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs e t\u00eb shtrinte pushtetin e saj n\u00eb gjith\u00eb vilajetin e Kosov\u00ebs dhe shkall\u00eb-shkall\u00eb edhe n\u00eb tre vilajetet e tjera shqiptare. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb ajo iu p\u00ebrvesh organizimit t\u00eb forcave ushtarake. Brenda pak dit\u00ebve u formuan nj\u00ebsi ushtarake t\u00eb rregullta dhe pran\u00eb tyre reparte sh\u00ebtit\u00ebse q\u00eb do t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbenin ku ta lypte nevoja. N\u00eb viset e \u00e7liruara u ngrit menj\u00ebher\u00eb administrata shqiptare, e cila hyri n\u00ebn vart\u00ebsin\u00eb e qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme t\u00eb Prizrenit.<\/p>\n L\u00ebvizja e armatosur autonomiste u p\u00ebrhap me shpejt\u00ebsi edhe n\u00eb viset e tjera t\u00eb vilajetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. N\u00eb saje t\u00eb p\u00ebrkrahjes q\u00eb gjet\u00ebn n\u00eb masat popullore, repartet e Lidhjes Shqiptare t\u00eb komanduara nga Sulejman Vokshi, m\u00eb 4 janar shtin\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb Shkupin, m\u00eb 18 janar \u00e7liruan pa luft\u00eb Prishtin\u00ebn (kryeqendr\u00ebn e vilajetit) dhe m\u00eb 25 janar Mitrovic\u00ebn. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb u lidh\u00ebn me qeverin\u00eb e p\u00ebrkohshme edhe qytetet e tjera t\u00eb vilajetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, si Peja, Ferizaj, Vu\u00e7iterna etj. N\u00ebpun\u00ebsit e lart\u00eb turq u d\u00ebbuan nga t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto qendra, ku u vendos autoriteti i Lidhjes. Garnizonet e dob\u00ebta turke u detyruan t\u00eb mbylleshin n\u00eb pika t\u00eb caktuara, prej nga nuk mund t\u00eb dilnin pa dor\u00ebzuar m\u00eb par\u00eb arm\u00ebt. Forcat e Lidhjes Shqiptare zun\u00eb urat hekurudhore n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb pengohej ardhja e p\u00ebrforcimeve ushtarake osmane. Shoq\u00ebria e trenave me qend\u00ebr n\u00eb Shkup mori urdh\u00ebr t\u00eb mos transportonte trupa e municione p\u00ebr ushtrin\u00eb turke.<\/p>\n N\u00eb shkurt autoriteti i qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme u shtri n\u00eb Tetov\u00eb, n\u00eb Gostivar e n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr. N\u00eb Dib\u00ebr d\u00ebbimi i n\u00ebpun\u00ebsve turq ndeshi n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtimin e feudal\u00ebve sulltanist\u00eb, q\u00eb kryesoheshin nga Sadik pash\u00eb Hoxholli, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt, duke mos pasur mb\u00ebshtetje n\u00eb popullsin\u00eb vendase, thirr\u00ebn n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb dy batalione turke nga Manastiri. Qeveria e p\u00ebrkohshme e Prizrenit d\u00ebrgoi n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr Abdyl Frash\u00ebrin, q\u00eb u vendos drejtp\u00ebrdrejt n\u00eb selin\u00eb e prefektur\u00ebs, para s\u00eb cil\u00ebs u mbajt nj\u00eb miting i madh. Duke iu p\u00ebrgjigjur thirrjes s\u00eb Abdylit, q\u00eb n\u00eb fjal\u00ebn e tij u k\u00ebrkoi dibran\u00ebve t\u00eb bashkoheshin me qeverin\u00eb e p\u00ebrkohshme, popullsia e Dibr\u00ebs s\u00eb Sip\u00ebrme, qytetar\u00eb e mal\u00ebsor\u00eb, d\u00ebboi m\u00eb 19 shkurt mytesarifin turk dhe vendosi pushtetin e Lidhjes Shqiptare. Dibra u lidh k\u00ebshtu me qeverin\u00eb e p\u00ebrkohshme.<\/p>\n Porta e Lart\u00eb u p\u00ebrpoq t\u2019i mbyste me an\u00ebn e censur\u00ebs lajmet mbi ngjarjet trondit\u00ebse q\u00eb po zhvilloheshin n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. Madje jo vet\u00ebm shtypi turk, por edhe shtypi nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar nuk botoi asgj\u00eb mbi k\u00ebto ngjarje. Atdhetar\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb nuk u mbeti asnj\u00eb mjet n\u00eb dor\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb njoftuar zhvillimin e l\u00ebvizjes autonomiste, p\u00ebrve\u00e7se letrave personale q\u00eb shk\u00ebmbenin fshehurazi nd\u00ebrmjet tyre. N\u00eb nj\u00eb let\u00ebr t\u00eb till\u00eb q\u00eb Sami Frash\u00ebri i d\u00ebrgonte nga Stambolli Jeronim de Rad\u00ebs n\u00eb Itali n\u00eb val\u00ebn e k\u00ebtyre ngjarjeve, m\u00eb 20 shkurt 1881, shkruante: \u201cLidhja e Shqiptar\u00ebve q\u00eb ka k\u00ebrthiz\u00ebn n\u00eb Prizren, n\u00eb Geg\u00ebri, ka k\u00ebrkuar shum\u00eb her\u00eb, q\u00eb nga tre vjet e t\u00ebhu, bashkimin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb me nj\u00eb provinc\u00eb me autonomi; po mbret\u00ebria gjer m\u00eb sot e kish g\u00ebnjyer me fjal\u00eb. K\u00ebt\u00eb her\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt e kuptuan fort mir\u00eb q\u00eb mbret\u00ebria nuk do t\u00eb b\u00ebnj\u00eb gj\u00eb kurr\u00eb p\u00ebr ta, dhe Lidhja e Prizrenit ka nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb bashkoj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e ta b\u00ebnj\u00eb nj\u00eb me autonomi, a mbase me shk\u00ebputje fare pas pun\u00ebs\u00eb. K\u00ebshtu Lidhja mori emrin e guvern\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrdorme (qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme – sh\u00ebn. i aut.) dhe p\u00ebrzuri guvernator\u00ebt turq nga gjith\u00eb vilajeti i Kosov\u00ebs dhe nga Prizreni, nga Gjakova, nga Tetova, nga Dibra etj. 10 000 shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb armatosur kan\u00eb z\u00ebn\u00eb Shkupin dhe udh\u00ebn\u00eb e hekurt\u00eb; 10 000 t\u00eb tjer\u00eb po b\u00ebhen gati p\u00ebr t\u2019u unjur n\u00eb Tosk\u00ebri. P\u00ebr pak koh\u00eb do t\u00eb d\u00ebgjoni nj\u00eb kryengritje t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri\u201d.<\/p>\n N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb shkurtit qeveria e p\u00ebrkohshme arriti t\u00eb shtrinte autoritetin e saj n\u00eb kat\u00ebr nga pes\u00eb sanxhak\u00ebt e vilajetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs (me p\u00ebrjashtim t\u00eb Novi Pazarit): n\u00eb t\u00eb Prizrenit, t\u00eb Pej\u00ebs, t\u00eb Shkupit e t\u00eb Prishtin\u00ebs. Pushteti i ri u krijua n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet shnd\u00ebrrimit t\u00eb komiteteve t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme t\u00eb Lidhjes n\u00eb organe pushteti n\u00eb \u00e7do sanxhak. Po k\u00ebshtu ndodhi edhe me komitetet e kazave q\u00eb vareshin nga ato t\u00eb sanxhak\u00ebve.<\/p>\n Qeveria e p\u00ebrkohshme synonte ta shtrinte kryengritjen e armatosur \u00e7lirimtare n\u00eb krejt viset shqiptare, n\u00eb vilajetin e Shkodr\u00ebs, n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Mesme e t\u00eb Jugut. Nj\u00eb kujdes t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb i kushtoi ajo sanxhakut t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs, si nj\u00eb hallk\u00eb q\u00eb lidhte gjith\u00eb trevat shqiptare.<\/p>\n Veprimtaria e qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme u p\u00ebrqendrua n\u00eb ngritjen e forcave t\u00eb armatosura shqiptare, n\u00eb vendosjen e rendit publik, n\u00eb organizimin e administrat\u00ebs s\u00eb re e sidomos t\u00eb gjykatave shqiptare (q\u00eb u krijuan n\u00eb \u00e7do sanxhak duke z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar ato osmane), n\u00eb krijimin e nj\u00eb buxheti t\u00eb shtetit shqiptar, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet p\u00ebrqendrimit n\u00eb duart e Lidhjes t\u00eb taksave shtet\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n Krahas veprimeve ushtarake, t\u00eb cilat \u00e7uan n\u00eb \u00e7lirimin e shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb vilajetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb disa viseve t\u00eb vilajetit t\u00eb Manastirit, qeveria e p\u00ebrkohshme i kushtoi kujdes t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb edhe ngritjes s\u00eb pushtetit t\u00eb ri shqiptar. Administrata e re q\u00eb u ngrit n\u00eb viset e \u00e7liruara u pastrua jo vet\u00ebm nga funksionar\u00ebt turq, por edhe nga ata sulltanist\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb. U mor\u00ebn masa t\u00eb rrepta kund\u00ebr veprimeve arbitrare dhe shp\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb funksioneve pushtetore nga n\u00ebpun\u00ebsit e pand\u00ebrgjegjsh\u00ebm. Duke i dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb madhe vendosjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb qet\u00ebsie shembullore, organet e Lidhjes Shqiptare ndoq\u00ebn me ashp\u00ebrsi t\u00eb gjith\u00eb keqb\u00ebr\u00ebsit e arratisur. Masa t\u00eb rrepta u mor\u00ebn gjithashtu edhe kund\u00ebr paris\u00eb reaksionare, q\u00eb u p\u00ebrpoq t\u00eb minonte pushtetin e ri me veprimtarin\u00eb e saj armiq\u00ebsore. Mjaft prej p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesve t\u00eb saj u arrestuan. P\u00ebr sukseset q\u00eb pati pushteti i ri i vendosur nga Lidhja Shqiptare n\u00eb viset e Kosov\u00ebs, kryekonsulli austro-hungarez raportonte nga Shkodra, m\u00eb 5 mars 1881, midis t\u00eb tjerave: \u201c … Edhe n\u00ebpun\u00ebsit m\u00eb t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl jan\u00eb caktuar nga Lidhja; gjyqtar \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb qytetar i Prizrenit; taksat q\u00eb nxirren nga popullsia derdhen n\u00eb llogari t\u00eb Lidhjes; n\u00ebpun\u00ebsit i marrin rrogat rregullisht. Lidhja ka kujdes p\u00ebr mbajtjen e rendit qoft\u00eb n\u00eb qytet, qoft\u00eb n\u00eb fshat. Sigurimi publik tani \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb n\u00eb rregull se \u00e7\u2019ishte n\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur administrat\u00ebn e drejtonin funksionar\u00ebt e sulltanit\u201d.<\/p>\n Sukseset q\u00eb arriti l\u00ebvizja \u00e7lirimtare n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb ngjall\u00ebn nj\u00eb entuziaz\u00ebm t\u00eb madh n\u00eb radh\u00ebt e atdhetar\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb. Madje shum\u00eb prej tyre filluan t\u00eb shpresonin se me k\u00ebt\u00eb hov q\u00eb po merrte aksioni revolucionar \u00e7lirimtar po krijohej mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar jo vet\u00ebm autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, por \u201cmbase\u201d, si\u00e7 shprehej Sami Frash\u00ebri ato dit\u00eb, edhe shk\u00ebputjen e saj t\u00eb plot\u00eb nga Perandoria Osmane. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana qarqet atdhetare filluan t\u00eb mendonin edhe p\u00ebr form\u00ebn e qeverisjes q\u00eb duhej t\u00eb kishte shteti i ardhsh\u00ebm shqiptar. Lidhur me form\u00ebn e regjimit, opinioni publik shqiptar anonte kryesisht nga regjimi monarkist. Ai e p\u00ebrfytyronte Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e lir\u00eb si nj\u00eb principat\u00eb a si nj\u00eb mbret\u00ebri me nj\u00eb fisnik shqiptar ose t\u00eb huaj n\u00eb krye. Sipas k\u00ebtij koncepti, Shqip\u00ebria nuk duhej t\u00eb b\u00ebnte p\u00ebrjashtim nga vendet e tjera t\u00eb Ballkanit q\u00eb u formuan si shtete monarkiste. P\u00ebrkrah\u00ebsit e regjimit republikan ishin m\u00eb t\u00eb pak\u00ebt. Nd\u00ebr ta u shqua Sami Frash\u00ebri, i cili propozonte p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjidhje origjinale, nj\u00eb republik\u00eb me nj\u00eb kryesi kolegjiale. \u201cN\u00eb u b\u00ebft\u00eb dot Shqip\u00ebria m\u00eb vete, – shkruante Sami Frash\u00ebri n\u00eb letr\u00ebn e p\u00ebrmendur drejtuar De Rad\u00ebs, – nuk do t\u00eb kemi nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr princ\u00ebr as t\u00eb krishter\u00eb as muhamedan\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb na rrjepn\u00eb e t\u00eb na pin\u00eb gjakn\u00eb. Vendi yn\u00eb mund edhe do t\u00eb guvernohet (t\u00eb qeveriset – sh\u00ebn. i aut.) prej nj\u00eb far\u00eb dhimokratije, prej pleqet\u201d. Kjo pik\u00ebpamje p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri nj\u00eb regjim republikan me nj\u00eb presidenc\u00eb kolegjale p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonte mendimin m\u00eb p\u00ebrparimtar t\u00eb shprehur deri at\u00ebher\u00eb nga l\u00ebvizja demokratike shqiptare.<\/p>\n Pas sukseseve q\u00eb korri l\u00ebvizja n\u00eb vilajetin e Kosov\u00ebs e n\u00eb sanxhakun e Dibr\u00ebs, pritej q\u00eb ajo t\u00eb shtrihej edhe n\u00eb viset e tjera t\u00eb vendit. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Jugut atdhetar\u00ebt prisnin \u00e7astin e p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u2019u hedhur n\u00eb veprim. Shenj\u00ebn do ta jepte Abdyl Frash\u00ebri n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb ecuris\u00eb t\u00eb bisedimeve turko-greke dhe t\u00eb zhvillimit t\u00eb ngjarjeve n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. Meqen\u00ebse k\u00ebtu Porta e Lart\u00eb kishte p\u00ebrqendruar forca ushtarake t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar nj\u00eb sulm t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm nga ana e Greqis\u00eb, qeveria e p\u00ebrkohshme e Prizrenit filloi t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatiste reparte vullnetar\u00ebsh p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar kryengrit\u00ebsit e vilajetit t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs, sapo k\u00ebta t\u00eb hidheshin n\u00eb veprim. Por pik\u00ebrisht ato dit\u00eb u krijua nj\u00eb gjendje nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare shum\u00eb e nd\u00ebrlikuar, e cila e pengoi shtrirjen e l\u00ebvizjes n\u00eb viset jugore.<\/p>\n Ngjarjet e reja n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, t\u00eb cilat po \u00e7onin n\u00eb prishjen e status quo-s\u00eb n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Juglindore, pra n\u00eb ndryshimin e hart\u00ebs politike t\u00eb Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit, shqet\u00ebsuan jo vet\u00ebm Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb, por edhe Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha. Shqet\u00ebsimin e tyre e rriti m\u00eb tej q\u00ebndrimi i Greqis\u00eb, e cila, duke p\u00ebrfituar nga kryengritja shqiptare, filloi ta k\u00ebrc\u00ebnonte Perandorin\u00eb Osmane me luft\u00eb p\u00ebr ta detyruar q\u00eb t\u2019i l\u00ebshonte asaj \u00c7am\u00ebrin\u00eb e Thesalin\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrlikimet e m\u00ebdha q\u00eb po krijoheshin n\u00eb Gadishullin Ballkanik nga sukseset e L\u00ebvizjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare i detyruan Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhynin energjikisht p\u00ebr t\u2019i detyruar Stambollin e Athin\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u2019i jepnin fund \u00e7\u00ebshtjes s\u00eb kufirit turko-grek, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb Porta e Lart\u00eb t\u2019i kishte duart t\u00eb lira p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtypur Lidhjen e Prizrenit dhe kryengritjen e saj t\u00eb armatosur. P\u00ebr t\u2019i b\u00ebr\u00eb ball\u00eb k\u00ebtij komploti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar q\u00eb po organizohej kund\u00ebr L\u00ebvizjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit u orvat\u00ebn p\u00ebrs\u00ebri t\u00eb siguronin nj\u00eb pik\u00ebmb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb jashtme. Rastin ua dha Greqia me gatishm\u00ebrin\u00eb e saj p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb kund\u00ebr Perandoris\u00eb Osmane. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare me Abdyl Frash\u00ebrin n\u00eb krye, u kthyen te projekti i tyre i vjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr t\u00eb lidhur nj\u00eb aleanc\u00eb politike e ushtarake me Greqin\u00eb, sipas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs, n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim t\u00eb luft\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt kund\u00ebr Stambollit, Athina do t\u00eb aneksonte provinc\u00ebn greke t\u00eb Thesalis\u00eb, kurse shqiptar\u00ebt do t\u00eb fitonin pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e tyre etnik\u00eb, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb k\u00ebtu edhe viset shqiptare t\u00eb \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n N\u00eb fillim qeveria e Athin\u00ebs u tregua e interesuar p\u00ebr bisedimet shqiptaro-greke, t\u00eb cilat u zhvilluan n\u00eb Korfuz. Por shpejt u pa se ajo nuk kishte hequr dor\u00eb nga platforma e saj, q\u00eb parashikonte aneksimin e vilajetit t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs nga Greqia dhe bashkimin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb me Greqin\u00eb n\u00eb form\u00ebn e nj\u00eb shteti dualist. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, nd\u00ebrsa vijonin bisedimet e Korfuzit, presioni i Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha ndaj Stambollit dhe Athin\u00ebs u rrit aq shum\u00eb, sa Porta e Lart\u00eb e qeveria greke u detyruan t\u00eb b\u00ebnin l\u00ebshime dhe t\u2019i jepnin fund grindjes rreth kufirit t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb ri. Sipas protokollit, q\u00eb u n\u00ebnshkrua m\u00eb 27 mars 1881, Perandoria Osmane pranoi t\u2019i l\u00ebshonte Greqis\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb Thesalis\u00eb, af\u00ebrsisht deri n\u00eb lumin Selemvria dhe nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl n\u00eb k\u00ebndin juglindor t\u00eb Epirit, konkretisht qytetin e Art\u00ebs s\u00eb bashku me rrethinat e tij. Ky vendim i Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha u mor p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb q\u00ebndres\u00ebs gati trevje\u00e7are t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare, e cila luftoi me vendosm\u00ebri p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos l\u00ebshuar asnj\u00eb p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00eb tok\u00eb shqiptare n\u00eb vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs (Epir).<\/p>\n Q\u00ebndrimi i Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha ndaj \u00e7\u00ebshtjes shqiptare dhe nd\u00ebrhyrjet e konsujve t\u00eb tyre kund\u00ebr l\u00ebvizjes autonomiste ushtruan nj\u00eb ndikim negativ n\u00eb zhvillimin e m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb ngjarjeve n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Jugut. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, me n\u00ebnshkrimin e marr\u00ebveshjes turko-greke, Athina nuk d\u00ebshironte m\u00eb trazira n\u00eb vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs. Madje tani lindi rreziku q\u00eb, sapo t\u00eb shp\u00ebrthente kryengritja autonomiste n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Jugut, Greqia t\u2019i sulmonte shqiptar\u00ebt prapa krah\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb aneksimin e vilajetit t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana atdhetar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb viseve jugore ngurruan t\u00eb fillonin veprimet kryengrit\u00ebse kund\u00ebr Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n Betejat e fundit t\u00eb Lidhjes dhe shtypja e saj (prill 1881)<\/strong><\/p>\n Sapo u bind se \u00e7\u00ebshtja e kufirit turko-grek po hynte n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e zgjidhjes, Porta e Lart\u00eb mendoi se tashm\u00eb i kishte duart t\u00eb lira p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtypur me forc\u00eb l\u00ebvizjen autonomiste shqiptare. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim, disa dit\u00eb p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruhej protokolli i marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb kufirit, ajo i dha urdh\u00ebr Dervish Pash\u00ebs q\u00eb t\u00eb vinte n\u00eb zbatim planin e ekspedit\u00ebs ushtarake kund\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Atij iu dha grada e kryegjeneralit dhe detyra e kryekomandantit t\u00eb Rumelis\u00eb, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb forcave t\u00eb armatosura t\u00eb dislokuara n\u00eb vilajetet e Kosov\u00ebs, t\u00eb Manastirit, t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs, t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs e t\u00eb Selanikut. Ekspedita e tij, e p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga 30 batalione, do t\u00eb ndihmohej edhe nga garnizonet ushtarake t\u00eb vendosura n\u00eb qytetet e Kosov\u00ebs. Ekspedita do t\u00eb kishte edhe 7 gjeneral\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb n\u00ebn komand\u00ebn e Dervish Pash\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Goditjen e par\u00eb ushtria osmane ia dha Komitetit t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare n\u00eb Shkup, t\u00eb kryesuar nga Jashar bej Shkupi. Ky komitet, ndryshe nga ata t\u00eb qyteteve t\u00eb tjera te Kosov\u00ebs, nuk preku as administrat\u00ebn osmane, as mytesarifin dhe as garnizonin turk t\u00eb qytetit. Ai nuk pengoi gjithashtu futjen e forcave t\u00eb tjera ushtarake osmane m\u00eb 27 shkurt 1881 dhe vendosjen k\u00ebtu t\u00eb Ibrahim Pash\u00ebs si komandant i garnizonit. M\u00eb 23 mars Ibrahim Pasha thirri n\u00eb selin\u00eb e tij 11 an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e Komitetit t\u00eb Lidhjes p\u00ebr Shkupin me Jashar bej Shkupin n\u00eb krye, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i arrestoi pabesisht.<\/p>\n Pushtimi i Shkupit, pati r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb madhe p\u00ebr forcat osmane, pasi p\u00ebr nga madh\u00ebsia dhe pozita strategjike qyteti ishte nj\u00eb pik\u00ebmb\u00ebshtetje e fort\u00eb p\u00ebr zhvillimin e ekspedit\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre n\u00eb mbar\u00eb vilajetin e Kosov\u00ebs. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, gjat\u00eb dit\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebvonshme u shp\u00ebrngul\u00ebn nga Selaniku n\u00eb Shkup forcat kryesore t\u00eb ekspedit\u00ebs ushtarake osmane (30 batalione me rreth 20 mij\u00eb ushtar\u00eb). M\u00eb 7 prill 1881 arriti edhe vet\u00eb Dervish Pasha, i cili vendosi k\u00ebtu shtabin e vet. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb aty u shpall shtetrrethimi dhe filluan arrestimet. P\u00ebr t\u00eb ngjallur terror n\u00eb popull, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e arrestuar t\u00eb Komitetit t\u00eb Lidhjes, pasi i sh\u00ebtit\u00ebn n\u00eb rrug\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur me hekura, i d\u00ebrguan n\u00eb burgun e Selanikut dhe m\u00eb von\u00eb i internuan n\u00eb ishullin e Rodosit, n\u00eb detin Egje.<\/p>\n Sapo ra Shkupi, Lidhja Shqiptare l\u00ebshoi kushtrimin n\u00eb mbar\u00eb Kosov\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb rr\u00ebmbyer arm\u00ebt dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019i b\u00ebr\u00eb ball\u00eb ekspedit\u00ebs osmane. Qeveria e p\u00ebrkohshme formoi shtabin e mbrojtjes me 25 an\u00ebtar\u00eb, nga t\u00eb cil\u00ebt njihen deri m\u00eb sot Sulejman Vokshi (q\u00eb ishte edhe komandant i tij), Ali Ibra, Mic Sokoli, Binak Alia, Sef Kosharja, Halim Efendiu, Zeqirja Aga, Mullah Hyseni, Mustafa Aga, Halil Efendiu etj. N\u00eb koh\u00ebn e fillimit t\u00eb ekspedit\u00ebs ushtarake shtabi kishte vet\u00ebm 5 mij\u00eb luft\u00ebtar\u00eb. P\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr mobilizimin e forcave t\u00eb tjera nuk u kuror\u00ebzuan me sukses. Qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme i mungonin edhe mjetet financiare p\u00ebr armatimin dhe mbajtjen e tyre. Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e saj vendos\u00ebn t\u2019i p\u00ebrqendronin forcat ushtarake n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn Ferizaj-Prizren dhe ta zhvillonin luft\u00ebn e armatosur n\u00eb qafat e maleve midis Ferizajt e Suharek\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilat kontrollonin rrug\u00ebn nga mund t\u00eb kalonte ushtria turke p\u00ebr n\u00eb Prizren. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye forcat e para vullnetare u p\u00ebrqendruan kryesisht n\u00eb dy pika strategjike: n\u00eb Shtimje, ku u vendos edhe shtabi i tyre n\u00ebn kryesin\u00eb e Sulejman Vokshit; pjesa tjet\u00ebr zuri vend n\u00eb pozita m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrparuara, n\u00eb af\u00ebrsi t\u00eb fshatit Slivov\u00eb. P\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar nd\u00ebrlidhjen e shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb shtabit me Prizrenin, u ngrit me t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb n\u00eb Shtimje nj\u00eb stacion telegrafik. Sipas planit t\u00eb shtabit t\u00eb ushtrive shqiptare, n\u00eb rast se q\u00ebndresa e Shtimjes do t\u00eb thyhej, prita tjet\u00ebr kund\u00ebr ushtrive osmane do t\u00eb organizohej n\u00eb Grykat e Carralev\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Krahas p\u00ebrgatitjeve ushtarake, Lidhja e Prizrenit m\u00eb 15 prill 1881 u drejtoi nj\u00eb memorandum ambasador\u00ebve t\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha n\u00eb Stamboll, q\u00eb ishte dhe akti i fundit diplomatik i saj, me an\u00ebn e t\u00eb cilit, pasi shprehte vendimin q\u00eb kishte marr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur me arm\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat komb\u00ebtare, p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr ta futur vendin n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e p\u00ebrparimit e t\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimit, k\u00ebrkonte nd\u00ebrhyrjen e kancelarive evropiane p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar ekspedit\u00ebn nd\u00ebshkimore osmane. Por pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7ast vendimtar u duk\u00ebn pasojat e d\u00ebmshme t\u00eb q\u00ebndrimit t\u00eb but\u00eb q\u00eb kishte mbajtur qeveria e p\u00ebrkohshme ndaj forcave reaksionare, t\u00eb cilat u vun\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar mobilizimin n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb forcave vullnetare dhe organizimin e shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndres\u00ebs s\u00eb armatosur.<\/p>\n N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb gjendje tensioni t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm e t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm, dy jav\u00eb pasi ra Shkupi, Dervish Pasha u dha urdh\u00ebr ushtrive t\u00eb veta t\u00eb marshonin drejt Kosov\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb zinin qytetin Ferizaj. P\u00ebr t\u00eb ngjallur terror n\u00eb popullsin\u00eb shqiptare, gjat\u00eb marshimit ushtria osmane, pasi theu q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e par\u00eb q\u00eb ndeshi n\u00eb Gryk\u00ebn e Ka\u00e7anikut, bombardoi me artileri fshatrat q\u00eb ndodheshin gjat\u00eb rrug\u00ebs. M\u00eb 7 prill ajo hyri n\u00eb Ferizaj. T\u00eb nes\u00ebrmen arriti k\u00ebtu edhe Dervish Pasha s\u00eb bashku me shtabin e vet. Sapo u vendos n\u00eb Ferizaj, ai u d\u00ebrgoi nj\u00eb ultimatum forcave t\u00eb Lidhjes duke i k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuar se do t\u00eb merrte masa nd\u00ebshkimore t\u00eb rrepta kund\u00ebr atyre q\u00eb do t\u00eb q\u00ebllonin me arm\u00eb ushtrit\u00eb osmane. Krer\u00ebt dhe vullnetar\u00ebt e Lidhjes nuk l\u00ebviz\u00ebn nga pozitat e tyre. Vet\u00ebm disa krer\u00eb, midis tyre edhe Ali pash\u00eb Gucia, u paraqit\u00ebn te Dervish Pasha duke i shprehur besnik\u00ebrin\u00eb e tyre ndaj sulltanit dhe duke d\u00ebnuar aksionin autonomist t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit.<\/p>\n Dervish Pasha u p\u00ebrgatit p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se dhjet\u00eb dit\u00eb para se t\u00eb nisej ekspedita nga Ferizaj n\u00eb Prizren. Pasi d\u00ebshtuan orvatjet e tij p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7ar\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e Lidhjes, ai nd\u00ebrmori p\u00ebr kat\u00ebr dit\u00eb me radh\u00eb (16-19 prill) disa operacione ushtarake t\u00eb kufizuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbuluar numrin e vullnetar\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb dhe pozitat e tyre. M\u00eb 20 prill 1881 ushtrit\u00eb osmane t\u00eb ndara n\u00eb dy kolona mor\u00ebn urdh\u00ebr t\u00eb fillonin sulmin kund\u00ebr forcave shqiptare t\u00eb vendosura n\u00eb Slivov\u00eb dhe n\u00eb Shtimje.<\/p>\n Ndeshja e par\u00eb me ushtrit\u00eb osmane ndodhi m\u00eb 20 prill n\u00eb Slivov\u00eb. Edhe pse me municion t\u00eb pak\u00ebt, n\u00eb saje t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb tyre shqiptar\u00ebt e ndal\u00ebn p\u00ebr mjaft or\u00eb p\u00ebrparimin e armikut. Por gjendja e tyre u keq\u00ebsua kur hyri n\u00eb veprim artileria fushore turke. Duke par\u00eb d\u00ebmin q\u00eb po u shkaktonte luft\u00ebtar\u00ebve nj\u00eb bateri e armikut, komandanti i k\u00ebtij sektori, Mic Sokoli nga Bujani i Mal\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Gjakov\u00ebs, s\u00eb bashku me disa luft\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, lan\u00eb pozicionet mbrojt\u00ebse dhe u hodh\u00ebn drejt kodr\u00ebs ku ishte vendosur artileria turke. Q\u00ebllimi i tyre ishte t\u00eb sulmonin dhe t\u00eb asgj\u00ebsonin baterin\u00eb e armatosur, q\u00eb po u shkaktonte d\u00ebme shqiptar\u00ebve. Por t\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebta luft\u00ebtar\u00eb trima, s\u00eb bashku me komandantin e tyre Mic Sokolin, u vran\u00eb p\u00ebrpara grykave t\u00eb topave t\u00eb artileris\u00eb osmane. P\u00ebrball\u00eb ep\u00ebrsis\u00eb s\u00eb armikut n\u00eb num\u00ebr e n\u00eb armatime, shqiptar\u00ebt, me gjith\u00eb heroizmin q\u00eb treguan, u detyruan t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqeshin nga Slivova n\u00eb Shtimje, ku q\u00ebndronin forcat kryesore t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrenit. Beteja e dyt\u00eb ndodhi t\u00eb nes\u00ebrmen, m\u00eb 21 prill 1881, n\u00eb Shtimje. K\u00ebtu luftimet qen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjakshme se n\u00eb Slivov\u00eb. N\u00eb luftimet e ashpra, t\u00eb cilat vazhduan m\u00eb tep\u00ebr se 2 or\u00eb, mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb edhe vet\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e shtabit shqiptar, si Sulejman Vokshi, Ali Ibra, Binak Alia, Rustem Sadria e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. Edhe k\u00ebtu vullnetar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb luftuan me heroiz\u00ebm t\u00eb rrall\u00eb, por n\u00ebn bresh\u00ebrin\u00eb e dendur t\u00eb artileris\u00eb s\u00eb armikut dhe kur municioni i arm\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre filloi t\u00eb shteronte, u detyruan t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqeshin n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb Suharek\u00ebs.<\/p>\n N\u00eb betejat e Slivov\u00ebs e t\u00eb Shtimjes t\u00eb dyja pal\u00ebt pat\u00ebn shum\u00eb t\u00eb vrar\u00eb e t\u00eb plagosur: turqit rreth 800 veta, nd\u00ebrsa shqiptar\u00ebt 1 200 veta. Pas Shtimjes forcat e Lidhjes Shqiptare u b\u00ebn\u00eb m\u00eb 22 prill 1881 tri prita t\u00eb tjera ushtrive osmane, n\u00eb Gryk\u00ebn e Carralev\u00ebs, n\u00eb fshatin Dule dhe n\u00eb hyrje t\u00eb Suharek\u00ebs, por marshimin e tyre nuk e ndal\u00ebn dot. T\u00eb nes\u00ebrmen, m\u00eb 23 prill 1881, pasi theu q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e shqiptar\u00ebve, Dervish Pasha, i shoq\u00ebruar nga 7 gjeneral\u00eb dhe me 24 batalione, hyri n\u00eb Prizren ku shpalli menj\u00ebher\u00eb shtetrrethimin dhe b\u00ebri arrestime t\u00eb shumta.<\/p>\n Q\u00ebllimi i Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb nuk ishte vet\u00ebm q\u00eb t\u00eb shtypte kryengritjen e armatosur kund\u00ebrosmane, por t\u00eb mbyste edhe iden\u00eb e autonomis\u00eb s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb k\u00ebtu edhe k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn p\u00ebr formimin e nj\u00eb vilajeti t\u00eb vet\u00ebm shqiptar. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, pasi shtypi q\u00ebndres\u00ebn n\u00eb Prizren, Dervish Pasha thirri k\u00ebtu m\u00eb 30 prill krer\u00ebt e dikursh\u00ebm t\u00eb Lidhjes p\u00ebr sanxhak\u00ebt e Prizrenit, t\u00eb Prishtin\u00ebs, t\u00eb Pej\u00ebs, t\u00eb Mitrovic\u00ebs, t\u00eb Shkupit, t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs, t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, t\u00eb Manastirit etj., si edhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e qarqeve sulltaniste. Ai u k\u00ebrkoi atyre t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruanin nj\u00eb deklarat\u00eb, ku d\u00ebnohej veprimtaria e Lidhjes Shqiptare dhe sidomos k\u00ebrkesa e saj p\u00ebr bashkimin e vilajeteve shqiptare, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e quante nj\u00eb akt armiq\u00ebsor. K\u00ebtu erdh\u00ebn kryesisht krer\u00ebt sulltanist\u00eb dhe vet\u00ebm disa nga drejtuesit e moderuar t\u00eb Lidhjes, si Ali pash\u00eb Gucia, Iljaz pash\u00eb Dibra, Hasan pash\u00eb Dervalla dhe Esat pash\u00eb Tetova, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt e n\u00ebnshkruan deklarat\u00ebn e Dervish Pash\u00ebs. Si rrjedhim, krer\u00ebt e moderuar, q\u00eb e d\u00ebnuan me shkrim iden\u00eb e vilajetit autonom, u quajt\u00ebn nga sulltani t\u00eb falur, madje disa prej tyre, si Ali pash\u00eb Gucia etj., u em\u00ebruan n\u00eb poste t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme n\u00eb administrat\u00ebn e vilajeteve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs e t\u00eb Manastirit.<\/p>\n Ep\u00ebrsia e ushtris\u00eb osmane, kapitullimi i element\u00ebve t\u00eb moderuar dhe pushtimi i shpejt\u00eb i Prizrenit shkaktuan tronditje t\u00eb thell\u00eb n\u00eb opinionin publik t\u00eb vendit. Megjithat\u00eb, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e Lidhjes vendos\u00ebn ta vazhdonin m\u00eb tej q\u00ebndres\u00ebn kund\u00ebr ushtrive osmane. Vatrat e q\u00ebndres\u00ebs tani duhej t\u00eb organizoheshin n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb e n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr. P\u00ebr organizimin e tyre shkuan Sulejman Vokshi n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb dhe Abdyl Frash\u00ebri n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr.<\/p>\n Sipas planit t\u00eb ri, forcat dibrane duhej t\u00eb sulmonin Shkupin p\u00ebr t\u2019u marr\u00eb krah\u00ebt ushtrive osmane, gj\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb ndihmonte vullnetar\u00ebt gjakovar\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrsulmonin p\u00ebr t\u00eb rimarr\u00eb Prizrenin. Por n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr Abdyl Frash\u00ebri gjeti nj\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb ndryshuar. K\u00ebtu dibran\u00ebt nuk desh\u00ebn t\u00eb largoheshin nga Dibra p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar kund\u00ebr Dervish Pash\u00ebs n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, sepse mendonin se forcat turke do t\u00eb sulmonin fshatrat rreth qytetit. Prandaj mal\u00ebsor\u00ebt dibran\u00eb vendos\u00ebn q\u00eb ta kund\u00ebrshtonin ushtrin\u00eb osmane n\u00eb viset e tyre.<\/p>\n N\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb Sulejman Vokshi gjeti kushte m\u00eb t\u00eb favorshme. Me gjith\u00eb reaksionin e disave prej paris\u00eb feudale, qyteti e mal\u00ebsia ndodheshin ende n\u00ebn autoritetin e deg\u00ebs s\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare. Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e saj arrit\u00ebn t\u00eb mobilizonin forca t\u00eb shumta, sidomos nga radh\u00ebt e mal\u00ebsor\u00ebve t\u00eb Krasniqit e t\u00eb Gashit. Por vullnetar\u00ebt e mobilizuar nuk ishin t\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb sulm kund\u00ebr Prizrenit. Si rrjedhim, edhe forcat gjakovare q\u00ebndruan n\u00eb mbrojtje t\u00eb krahin\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre. Vendosm\u00ebria e tyre e detyroi Dervish Pash\u00ebn t\u00eb priste ardhjen e forcave t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerrte sulmin kund\u00ebr Gjakov\u00ebs. Sulmi u zhvillua nj\u00eb muaj m\u00eb von\u00eb, n\u00eb maj 1881. Pasi mor\u00ebn Gjakov\u00ebn, ushtrit\u00eb osmane shtin\u00eb n\u00ebn kontrollin e tyre t\u00eb gjitha qytetet e tjera t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. Por n\u00eb mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e Gjakov\u00ebs, t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs e t\u00eb Lum\u00ebs q\u00ebndresa e armatosur kund\u00ebr ushtrive osmane vazhdoi me sulme e kund\u00ebrsulme nga t\u00eb dyja pal\u00ebt, deri n\u00eb vjesht\u00eb 1881.<\/p>\n N\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim t\u00eb ekspedit\u00ebs ushtarake osmane, Lidhja Shqiptare e Prizrenit u shp\u00ebrnda. Pushtetin n\u00eb vilajetin e Kosov\u00ebs e mori kudo administrata e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. Vendosja e saj u shoq\u00ebrua me nj\u00eb terror t\u00eb pashembullt p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb. Dervish Pasha arrestoi dhe d\u00ebnoi pa gjyqe rreth 7 mij\u00eb veta, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs e veprimtar\u00eb t\u00eb Lidhjes, 3 mij\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb dhe 4 mij\u00eb n\u00eb vilajetet e Shkodr\u00ebs, t\u00eb Manastirit e t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs. Midis t\u00eb vrar\u00ebve n\u00eb luftimet q\u00eb u b\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb Slivov\u00eb e n\u00eb Shtimje, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Mic Sokolit, qen\u00eb edhe veprimtar\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb Lidhjes dhe luft\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb ushtris\u00eb s\u00eb saj, si Rustem Sadria, Seit Suhareka, Mehmet Smaili, Ali Ibrahimi e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa nga ata q\u00eb u kap\u00ebn dhe u ekzekutuan pa gjyq Ali Nimani (oficer karriere), Mulla Hyseni e Sef Kosharja.<\/p>\n Dervish Pasha u p\u00ebrpoq t\u00eb shtinte n\u00eb dor\u00eb me \u00e7do kusht udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e l\u00ebvizjes autonomiste shqiptare dhe t\u00eb q\u00ebndres\u00ebs s\u00eb armatosur kund\u00ebrosmane. Kryetari i qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme, Ymer Prizreni, u fsheh p\u00ebr disa koh\u00eb n\u00eb Mal\u00ebsin\u00eb e Gjakov\u00ebs, pastaj m\u00ebrgoi n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi (Ulqin). Ai nuk pranoi asgj\u00eb nga ofertat p\u00ebr falje e p\u00ebr ofiqe t\u00eb larta q\u00eb i dha sulltani dhe q\u00ebndroi n\u00eb m\u00ebrgim derisa vdiq (1884). Sulejman Vokshi q\u00ebndroi gati pes\u00eb vjet i arratisur gjithashtu n\u00eb Mal\u00ebsin\u00eb e Gjakov\u00ebs. Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj kohe ai organizoi nj\u00eb kryengritje tjet\u00ebr kund\u00ebr pushtuesit osman, q\u00eb shp\u00ebrtheu n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb m\u00eb 1885. Me shtypjen e saj u kap dhe u d\u00ebnua r\u00ebnd\u00eb. Abdyl Frash\u00ebri u nis n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Jugut. Por Dervish Pasha, i cili donte ta shtinte me \u00e7do kusht n\u00eb dor\u00eb, u dha urdhra t\u00eb rrept\u00eb organeve t\u00eb xhandarm\u00ebris\u00eb turke p\u00ebr t\u00eb z\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha shtigjet nga mund t\u00eb kalonte ai drejt jugut dhe caktoi nj\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb madhe p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb do ta kapte t\u00eb gjall\u00eb ose t\u00eb vdekur. Abdyli u shp\u00ebtoi ndjekjeve qeveritare gjat\u00eb udh\u00ebtimit t\u00eb fsheht\u00eb n\u00eb rrethet e Dibr\u00ebs, t\u00eb Matit, t\u00eb Kruj\u00ebs e t\u00eb Tiran\u00ebs, por n\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur po kap\u00ebrcente Shkumbinin, n\u00eb vahun e fshatit Buq\u00ebs, af\u00ebr Elbasanit, u kap nga nj\u00eb patrull\u00eb turke dhe u d\u00ebrgua n\u00eb Prizren. K\u00ebtu u d\u00ebnua nga nj\u00eb gjyq special me vdekje, d\u00ebnim i cili u kthye n\u00eb burgim t\u00eb p\u00ebrjetsh\u00ebm. Abdyli u mbajt tre vjet i burgosur n\u00eb kalan\u00eb e Prizrenit, pastaj u internua s\u00eb bashku me familjen n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e Marmaras\u00eb. Duke qen\u00eb i s\u00ebmur\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb nga vuajtjet n\u00eb burg dhe n\u00eb internim, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri u lejua m\u00eb 1886 t\u00eb kthehej n\u00eb Stamboll, ku jetoi i izoluar n\u00ebn v\u00ebzhgimin e policis\u00eb derisa vdiq m\u00eb 1892. U arrestuan gjithashtu udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb Lidhjes, si Shuaip Spahiu, Zija Prishtina, Omer efendi Narta, Jusuf Dohoshishti etj., q\u00eb u d\u00ebnuan me burgime e internime t\u00eb r\u00ebnda.<\/p>\n T\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin q\u00ebndrim Porta e Lart\u00eb mbajti edhe n\u00eb vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs. Edhe k\u00ebtu, pasi u d\u00ebnuan veprimet e l\u00ebvizjes atdhetare, valiu i vilajetit, Mustafa Asim pasha, n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb muajit thirri n\u00eb nj\u00eb mbledhje t\u00eb posa\u00e7me n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e deg\u00ebve t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare t\u00eb krahinave t\u00eb Jugut (49 veta) p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebnuar iden\u00eb e autonomis\u00eb s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Ashtu si n\u00eb Prizren, edhe n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb, krer\u00ebt q\u00eb nuk pranuan t\u00eb hiqnin dor\u00eb nga k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr formimin e nj\u00eb vilajeti t\u00eb vet\u00ebm shqiptar, si Mustafa Nuri Vlora, Omer pash\u00eb Vrioni, Mehmet Ali Vrioni, Dalip bej P\u00ebrmeti, Seit bej Gjirokastra, Sulejman bej Dino, Qazim bej Preveza etj., u arrestuan pabesisht dhe u internuan n\u00eb \u00c7anak-Kala.<\/p>\n Pas val\u00ebs s\u00eb burgimeve dhe t\u00eb internimeve, Dervish Pasha iu p\u00ebrvesh detyr\u00ebs s\u00eb tret\u00eb me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e kishte ngarkuar Porta e Lart\u00eb, funksionimit t\u00eb rregullt t\u00eb administrat\u00ebs shtet\u00ebrore osmane dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb \u00e7armatimit t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb, vjeljes s\u00eb taksave, rekrutimit t\u00eb nizam\u00ebve dhe ngritjes s\u00eb gjykatave perandorake n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha trojet shqiptare. P\u00ebr plot\u00ebsimin e k\u00ebsaj detyre ai q\u00ebndroi n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri bashk\u00eb me forcat e tij deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 1881.<\/p>\n Por, me gjith\u00eb terrorin e eg\u00ebr, Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk arriti ta n\u00ebnshtronte plot\u00ebsisht vendin. Ajo nuk mundi ta shuante iden\u00eb q\u00eb kishte pushtuar masat popullore p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, as aspirat\u00ebn e tyre p\u00ebr zhvillimin e kultur\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare shqiptare. Administrata centraliste osmane u vendos vet\u00ebm n\u00eb qytete e n\u00eb fshatrat fushore. Fshatrat e viseve malore nuk pranuan as t\u00eb dor\u00ebzonin arm\u00ebt, as t\u00eb jepnin taksa, as t\u00eb shkonin nizam\u00eb. \u00c7\u00ebshtja e taksave, e nizam\u00ebve dhe e arm\u00ebve mbet\u00ebn nj\u00eb plag\u00eb e hapur p\u00ebr Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb. N\u00eb kuadrin e l\u00ebvizjes autonomiste shqiptare ato u b\u00ebn\u00eb shkak p\u00ebr shp\u00ebrthimin e konflikteve t\u00eb reja nd\u00ebrmjet popullit shqiptar dhe pushtuesve osman\u00eb.<\/p>\n R\u00ebnd\u00ebsia historike e Lidhjes Shqiptare t\u00eb Prizrenit<\/strong><\/p>\n L\u00ebvizja komb\u00ebtare, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e udh\u00ebhoqi Lidhja Shqiptare e Prizrenit, lindi nga vrulli atdhetar i shtresave m\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe u zhvillua n\u00eb truallin historik t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur gjat\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm nga l\u00ebvizja e Rilindjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare. Ajo sh\u00ebnoi nj\u00eb hap t\u00eb madh cil\u00ebsor nga pik\u00ebpamja e platform\u00ebs ideologjike, e k\u00ebrkesave politike dhe e frontit luftarak, n\u00eb krahasim me l\u00ebvizjen \u00e7lirimtare t\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00ebve t\u00eb kaluar. Lidhja e Prizrenit ishte e para l\u00ebvizje \u00e7lirimtare me karakter komb\u00ebtar, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha krahinat e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn u kombinuan t\u00eb gjitha format e luft\u00ebs \u00e7lirimtare, q\u00eb nga kuvendet popullore deri te parashtresat politike, q\u00eb nga misionet diplomatike deri te kryengritjet e armatosura. Ajo ishte e para l\u00ebvizje masive, e cila synoi t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushte programin madhor t\u00eb Rilindjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare n\u00eb kushtet e Kriz\u00ebs Lindore t\u00eb viteve 70 t\u00eb shek. XIX – njohjen e kombit shqiptar si nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebsi t\u00eb pandar\u00eb, mbrojtjen e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb territoriale t\u00eb atdheut dhe formimin e nj\u00eb shteti shqiptar autonom e demokratik.<\/p>\n Lidhja Shqiptare e Prizrenit sh\u00ebnonte, si organizat\u00eb, nj\u00eb hap t\u00eb madh cil\u00ebsor nga pik\u00ebpamja e funksioneve politike, e shtrirjes territoriale dhe e mjeteve t\u00eb luft\u00ebs n\u00eb krahasim me bes\u00eblidhjet e m\u00ebparshme. Ajo ishte e para organizat\u00eb komb\u00ebtare q\u00eb krijoi deg\u00eb t\u00eb saj n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha krahinat shqiptare dhe e para organizat\u00eb atdhetare q\u00eb p\u00ebrdori p\u00ebr interesat e lart\u00eb t\u00eb atdheut krahas pushk\u00ebs edhe pen\u00ebn. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, Lidhja Shqiptare e Prizrenit ishte e para organizat\u00eb, e cila jo vet\u00ebm u vesh qysh n\u00eb fillim me funksione pushtetore, por arriti n\u00eb fund t\u00eb fitonte atributet e nj\u00eb qeverie t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme shqiptare, pothuajse krejt\u00ebsisht t\u00eb pavarur nga autoriteti i Perandoris\u00eb Osmane.<\/p>\n Lidhja Shqiptare e Prizrenit p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb sfidoi prepotenc\u00ebn e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, agresivitetin e monarkive fqinje dhe arroganc\u00ebn e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. N\u00ebn udh\u00ebheqjen e atdhetar\u00ebve m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrparuar ajo mundi t\u2019i n\u00ebnshtronte armiqt\u00eb e brendsh\u00ebm, t\u2019i izolonte bashkudh\u00ebtar\u00ebt e p\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb merrte karakterin e nj\u00eb fronti t\u00eb gjer\u00eb, duke e udh\u00ebhequr L\u00ebvizjen Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb shkall\u00ebzuar, por gjithnj\u00eb n\u00eb ngritje, derisa arriti n\u00eb vepr\u00ebn e saj m\u00eb kulmore, n\u00eb formimin e qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme shqiptare.<\/p>\n Lidhja e Prizrenit u shtyp pasi erdhi deri n\u00eb pragun e send\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb programit t\u00eb Rilindjes Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare. Materialisht ajo u shtyp nga dhuna ushtarake dhe nga terrori policor i Perandoris\u00eb Osmane. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb ajo u mbyt edhe nga konspiracioni nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar q\u00eb organizuan kund\u00ebr saj Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha. Por edhe pse u shtyp, ajo pati nj\u00eb varg arritjesh me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb madhe historike.<\/p>\n Gjat\u00eb viteve 1878-1881 u b\u00ebn\u00eb hapa m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj sesa gjat\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00ebve t\u00eb kaluar n\u00eb procesin e bashkimit t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve, pavar\u00ebsisht nga dallimet fetare, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsia shoq\u00ebrore, shp\u00ebrndarja krahinore dhe pik\u00ebpamjet politike, n\u00eb nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebsi t\u00eb vetme komb\u00ebtare, e cila, p\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, u sanksionua edhe n\u00eb llogoret e luft\u00ebs s\u00eb udh\u00ebhequr prej saj p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb atdheut dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar shtetin komb\u00ebtar shqiptar.<\/p>\n Me q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e armatosur q\u00eb zhvilloi p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e Plav\u00ebs, t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb, t\u00eb Hotit, t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs, t\u00eb Kelmendit e t\u00eb Ulqinit, Lidhja Shqiptare e Prizrenit tregoi se trojet shqiptare nuk mund t\u00eb trajtoheshin si pla\u00e7k\u00eb tregu p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqur interesat e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha ose lakmit\u00eb pushtuese t\u00eb monarkive fqinje. Madje, n\u00eb saje t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj q\u00ebndrese ajo i detyroi Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb rishikonin tri her\u00eb me radh\u00eb vendimet e tyre n\u00eb lidhje me p\u00ebrfitimet e Malit t\u00eb Zi n\u00eb d\u00ebm t\u00eb trojeve shqiptare, por edhe t\u00eb hiqnin dor\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimisht nga l\u00ebshimi i \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb shqiptare n\u00eb dobi t\u00eb Mbret\u00ebris\u00eb Greke.<\/p>\n Me karakterin komb\u00ebtar q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkoi veprimtarin\u00eb e saj trevje\u00e7are, Lidhja Shqiptare e Prizrenit e p\u00ebrmbysi tez\u00ebn q\u00eb mbronin Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha dhe shtetet fqinje ballkanike, sipas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs mohohej ekzistenca e kombit shqiptar; ajo v\u00ebrtetoi n\u00eb shkall\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare se populli shqiptar ishte nj\u00eb komb i formuar, liridash\u00ebs, atdhetar, me aspiratat e veta dhe i vendosur p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar shtetin e vet komb\u00ebtar. Edhe pse shqiptar\u00ebt nuk i fituan gjat\u00eb Kriz\u00ebs Lindore t\u00eb drejtat e tyre komb\u00ebtare, n\u00eb saje t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare t\u00eb Prizrenit \u00e7\u00ebshtja shqiptare hyri tanim\u00eb n\u00eb veprimtarin\u00eb diplomatike nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare si nj\u00eb nga problemet e mprehta q\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte zgjidhje n\u00eb \u00e7do rregullim t\u00eb ardhsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Juglindore.<\/p>\n Me veprimtarin\u00eb pushtetore, q\u00eb zhvilloi sidomos gjat\u00eb muajve t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb saj, Lidhja Shqiptare e Prizrenit hodhi gjithashtu posht\u00eb tez\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb propaganduar aq shum\u00eb nga armiqt\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb mbi paaft\u00ebsin\u00eb e shqiptar\u00ebve p\u00ebr vet\u00ebqeverisje dhe provoi n\u00eb truallin konkret se ata tashm\u00eb ishin t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur politikisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur shtetin e tyre komb\u00ebtar.<\/p>\n Lidhja Shqiptare e Prizrenit i dha nj\u00eb shtytje t\u00eb papar\u00eb deri at\u00ebher\u00eb edhe l\u00ebvizjes kulturore shqiptare; p\u00ebrparimet e arritura brenda tre vjet\u00ebve t\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb saj n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e mendimit shoq\u00ebror, t\u00eb let\u00ebrsis\u00eb publicistike dhe t\u00eb krijimtaris\u00eb letrare ishin m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, sesa hapat e kryer gjat\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm. Lidhja e Prizrenit krijoi m\u00eb n\u00eb fund nj\u00eb pik\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebndosh\u00eb referimi si me programin e saj politik, ashtu edhe me form\u00ebn e saj organizative p\u00ebr l\u00ebvizjet e m\u00ebvonshme \u00e7lirimtare t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve deri n\u00eb fitoren e pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, n\u00eb n\u00ebntor t\u00eb vitit 1912.<\/p>\n Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, Lidhja e Prizrenit u dha shqiptar\u00ebve edhe nj\u00eb varg m\u00ebsimesh t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. Sukseset e saj treguan se autonomia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb synim i realizuesh\u00ebm, por shtypja e saj tregoi se fitorja p\u00ebrfundimtare e autonomis\u00eb kalonte n\u00ebp\u00ebr rrug\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira dhe se duheshin p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb tjera vigane p\u00ebr arritjen e saj. Historia e Lidhjes tregoi se pengesa kryesore p\u00ebr krijimin e shtetit komb\u00ebtar shqiptar nuk vinte vet\u00ebm nga Perandoria Osmane, por edhe nga faktori nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar. Shqiptar\u00ebt u bind\u00ebn se luft\u00ebn \u00e7lirimtare duhej ta zhvillonin duke u mb\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb forcat e tyre njer\u00ebzore e materiale dhe se duhej t\u00eb punonin nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar p\u00ebrkrahjen e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, sidomos t\u00eb atyre q\u00eb kishin filluar t\u00eb anonin nga zgjidhja e drejt\u00eb e \u00e7\u00ebshtjes komb\u00ebtare shqiptare. Lidhja provoi gjithashtu se brenda vendit L\u00ebvizja Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare mb\u00ebshtetjen politike, morale, materiale e luftarake duhej ta k\u00ebrkonte te shtresat e gjera t\u00eb popullit dhe te bashkimi i t\u00eb gjitha forcave shoq\u00ebrore e politike t\u00eb kombit shqiptar, pa dallim feje, krahine e p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsie shoq\u00ebrore. Veprimtaria e Lidhjes Shqiptare t\u00eb Prizrenit tregoi, m\u00eb n\u00eb fund, r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e madhe q\u00eb kishte p\u00ebr betejat e ardhshme \u00e7lirimtare edukimi i popullit shqiptar me nd\u00ebrgjegjen komb\u00ebtare n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet shkoll\u00ebs shqipe, t\u00eb let\u00ebrsis\u00eb shqiptare dhe t\u00eb publicistik\u00ebs patriotike.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Komiteti i Stambollit dhe platforma e tij politike Q\u00ebndresa osmane n\u00eb Plevla vazhdoi pes\u00eb muaj. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb patriot\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb, edhe pse bisedimet e Janin\u00ebs u nd\u00ebrpren\u00eb, nuk hoq\u00ebn dor\u00eb nga ideja e kryengritjes \u00e7lirimtare kund\u00ebrosmane. Ata i vazhduan p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u2019i shkrir\u00eb komitetet shqiptare lokale n\u00eb nj\u00eb komitet komb\u00ebtar, p\u00ebr formimin e komitetit qendror komb\u00ebtar dhe […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":40716,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[4336,3803,2000,1546,41],"class_list":["post-40699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kulture","tag-140-vjetori","tag-aktuale","tag-lidhja-e-prizrenit","tag-lidhja-shqiptare-e-prizrenit","tag-prizren"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40699","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40699"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40699\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40716"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40699"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40699"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40699"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/komiteti-i-stambollit.jpeg\")
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\n\u201cSa koh\u00eb jetojn\u00eb bijt\u00eb e Gjergjit t\u00eb Madh
\nn\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri,
\nSa koh\u00eb q\u00eb ata kan\u00eb mosh\u00ebn rinore
\ndhe shquhen p\u00ebr trim\u00ebri,
\nSapo t\u00eb vij\u00eb pranvera dhe t\u00ebrfili
\nt\u00eb mbij\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebri,
\nKarejfili? i shqiptarit do t\u00eb ushtoj\u00eb
\nprap\u00eb p\u00ebr liri!\u201d.<\/p>\n