{"id":64756,"date":"2022-08-01T20:15:25","date_gmt":"2022-08-01T18:15:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/?p=64756"},"modified":"2022-08-05T10:37:07","modified_gmt":"2022-08-05T08:37:07","slug":"trashegimia-ne-kancerin-e-gjirit-dhe-personalizimi-i-mjekesise-ne-trajtimin-e-tij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/trashegimia-ne-kancerin-e-gjirit-dhe-personalizimi-i-mjekesise-ne-trajtimin-e-tij\/","title":{"rendered":"Trash\u00ebgimia n\u00eb kancerin e gjirit dhe personalizimi i mjek\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb trajtimin e tij"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Autor: Dr. Egzon Avdullahi<\/p><\/div>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shkrim do t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn historia familjare e kancerit mund t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb metod\u00ebn se si i trajtojm\u00eb pacient\u00ebt q\u00eb vijn\u00eb tek ne pa kancer, por duam t\u00eb dim\u00eb n\u00ebse ata jan\u00eb n\u00eb rrezik t\u00eb shtuar apo jo. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shkrim do ta shtjellojm\u00eb kancerin e gjirit. Mund t\u2019ia nisim me shembullin e nj\u00eb gruaje n\u00eb t\u00eb 30-tat e cila ka ardhur p\u00ebr k\u00ebshillim. Dhe arsyeja pse ajo vjen p\u00ebr k\u00ebshillim \u00ebsht\u00eb sepse n\u00ebna e saj vdiq n\u00eb t\u00eb 60-tat nga kanceri i vezoreve. Motra e n\u00ebn\u00ebs s\u00eb saj ka kancer t\u00eb avancuar t\u00eb gjirit n\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur pacientja \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebshilluar. N\u00ebna e n\u00ebn\u00ebs s\u00eb saj ka nd\u00ebruar jet\u00eb nga kanceri n\u00eb t\u00eb 40-tat t\u00eb cilin nuk e dijm\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb n\u00ebnlloji dhe n\u00ebna e gjyshes ka vdekur n\u00eb t\u00eb 50-tat, gjithashtu nga kanceri n\u00eb vezore. Pra, ky pacient vjen sepse ka nj\u00eb histori shum\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb familjare si t\u00eb kancerit t\u00eb vezoreve ashtu edhe nj\u00eb histori t\u00eb kancerit t\u00eb gjirit.<\/p>\n

Kur shikojm\u00eb pacient\u00ebt q\u00eb kan\u00eb kancer, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e vog\u00ebl e tyre do t\u00eb japin nj\u00eb histori familjare shum\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb, si n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast. Dhe tek k\u00ebta me nj\u00eb histori familjare shum\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb, prap se prap\u00eb ekziston nj\u00eb segment shum\u00eb m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl, ndoshta 5%, ndoshta 10%, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb zbulojm\u00eb variante gjenetike q\u00eb i vendosin ata n\u00eb rrezik t\u00eb shtuar p\u00ebr kancer. Ka 10 deri n\u00eb 15% t\u00eb tjer\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb na japin nj\u00eb histori shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb familjare t\u00eb kancerit. N\u00eb k\u00ebto raste duhet t\u00eb dyshojm\u00eb se di\u00e7ka gjenetike po ndodh\u00eb, por ne n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb nuk kemi aft\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb identifikuar gjenet. Dhe pastaj p\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e kancereve, s\u00ebmundja duket se shfaqet sporadikisht. Nuk ka nj\u00eb histori t\u00eb fort\u00eb familjare dhe ne nuk e dim\u00eb ende rolin e varianc\u00ebs gjenetike t\u00eb zakonshme ose t\u00eb rrall\u00eb n\u00eb ato lloj familjesh.<\/p>\n

Si parim, m\u00ebnyra n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ne mendojm\u00eb se kjo ndodh \u00ebsht\u00eb se qelizat nd\u00ebrsa ndahen, shpesh kur ato dyfishojn\u00eb molekulat e ADN-s\u00eb s\u00eb tyre nuk arrijn\u00eb ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb k\u00ebte n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb absolutisht perfekte. Her\u00eb pas here ato do t\u00eb fitojn\u00eb mutacione. K\u00ebshtu p\u00ebr shembull ju shihni dy kromozome, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb mutacion t\u00eb vog\u00ebl. Tani trupi ka mekanizma p\u00ebr t\u00eb korrigjuar ato mutacione me an\u00eb t\u00eb riparimit t\u00eb ADN-s\u00eb. Dhe k\u00ebshtu, shumic\u00ebn e koh\u00ebs, ato anomali riparohen dhe ne nuk grumbullojm\u00eb mutacione me nj\u00eb rit\u00ebm t\u00eb lart\u00eb gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb jet\u00ebs. Por her\u00eb pas here, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundojn\u00eb me nj\u00eb mutacion n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjen, dhe kjo mund ose nuk mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb nj\u00eb problem. Por me kalimin e koh\u00ebs akumulohen mutacione t\u00eb shumta. Dhe si\u00e7 ndodh zakonisht n\u00eb k\u00ebto raste, qeliza mund t\u00eb fitoj\u00eb aft\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr tu replikuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb autonome n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme me kancerin, dhe k\u00ebshtu t\u00eb zhvilloj\u00eb nj\u00eb tumor.<\/p>\n

M\u00ebnyra n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ne mendojm\u00eb se kjo ndodh, shpesh, \u00ebsht\u00eb se mutacionet n\u00eb gjenet e riparimit t\u00eb ADN-s\u00eb mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb nj\u00eb problem, dhe mutacionet n\u00eb gjenet, puna e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb shtypin kancerin, gjenet shtyp\u00ebs t\u00eb tumorit, mund t\u00eb fitojn\u00eb mutacione dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye t\u00eb humbasin funksionin. Pra, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00ebnyra se si ne mendojm\u00eb se kanceri mund t\u00eb lind\u00eb gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb jet\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb se disa njer\u00ebz e fillojn\u00eb jet\u00ebn me nj\u00eb mutacion n\u00eb linj\u00ebn e tyre gjenetike. Pastaj gjat\u00eb jet\u00ebs mund t\u00eb zhvillojn\u00eb mutacione t\u00eb tjera. Dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb kombinimi i asaj me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ata lindin plus asaj q\u00eb fitojn\u00eb dhe grumbullojn\u00eb gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb jet\u00ebs q\u00eb rezulton n\u00eb kancer. Shumica e mutacioneve q\u00eb fitojm\u00eb me secilin dyzim t\u00eb qelizave riparohen. Pra, ne nuk i grumbullojm\u00eb ato, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 nj\u00eb numri t\u00eb vog\u00ebl. Dhe sigurisht ka shum\u00eb gj\u00ebra q\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb mutacione. Disa prej tyre jan\u00eb thjesht\u00eb t\u00eb rast\u00ebsishme. Dhe disa prej tyre jan\u00eb gj\u00ebra kancerogjene, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb tymi i duhanit, p\u00ebr shembull, \u00ebsht\u00eb forma m\u00eb e njohur e nj\u00eb kimikati t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm q\u00eb mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb k\u00ebto lloj mutacionesh t\u00eb ADN-s\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimisht \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb kancer.<\/p>\n

Dy gjenet me frekuenc\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb kancerin e gjirit t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb mutacione jan\u00eb gjenet e quajtura BRCA1 dhe BRCA2. Ato jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira n\u00eb mekanizmin e riparimit t\u00eb ADN-s\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyra q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb mundur ende t\u00eb kuptohen plot\u00ebsisht. Pra, n\u00ebse marrim nj\u00eb person, i cila ka vet\u00ebm kancer t\u00eb gjirit n\u00eb familjen e tij, apo le t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr i cila ka kancer t\u00eb gjirit dhe vezoreve, 80% do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb mutacion n\u00eb BRCA1, 15% do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb mutacion n\u00eb BRCA2. Dhe pastaj ka nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb mutacioneve t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat nuk do t\u00eb flasim, por t\u00eb cilat gjithashtu mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb shkak familjar p\u00ebr kancer.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrball\u00eb nj\u00eb pacienti q\u00eb na vjen me pyetjen, un\u00eb kam nj\u00eb an\u00ebtar t\u00eb familjes q\u00eb ka kancer, a duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebj teste gjenetike? Pra, pyetja specifike sa i p\u00ebrket kujdesit p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb pacient t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb, a ka ai mjaftuesh\u00ebm nj\u00eb histori familjare q\u00eb testimi gjenetik t\u00eb jet\u00eb di\u00e7ka q\u00eb ne duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb. N\u00eb nj\u00ebr\u00ebn an\u00eb, disa argumentojn\u00eb se t\u00eb gjith\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ken\u00eb teste gjenetike n\u00eb \u00e7do koh\u00eb q\u00eb duan. Por problemet jan\u00eb se testimi gjenetik \u00ebsht\u00eb i shtrenjt\u00eb. Disa her\u00eb, testimi gjenetik jep rezultate q\u00eb ne nuk i kuptojm\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht dhe thjesht ngat\u00ebrron pacientin. Por n\u00eb mjediset ku ka shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi q\u00eb t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb kontribues gjenetik n\u00eb ndjeshm\u00ebrin\u00eb ndaj kancerit ne do t\u00eb b\u00ebnim at\u00eb. At\u00ebher\u00eb testimi gjenetik ka shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb i dobish\u00ebm klinikisht.<\/p>\n

Pra, tek nj\u00eb pacient q\u00eb pyesim, a ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb se dy primar\u00eb t\u00eb kancerit t\u00eb gjirit n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn an\u00eb t\u00eb familjes, ose kancer t\u00eb gjirit dhe ndonj\u00eb kancer tjet\u00ebr? Dhe kanceret e tjera jan\u00eb n\u00eb vezore, pankreas dhe t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb flasim n\u00eb vijim. A ka ndonj\u00eb an\u00ebtar t\u00eb familjes me kancer t\u00eb vezoreve? A \u00ebsht\u00eb kjo nj\u00eb familje n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn dihet se dikush ka nj\u00eb mutacion BRCA1? N\u00ebse keni nj\u00eb familje n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn dikush ka nj\u00eb mutacion BRCA1, at\u00ebher\u00eb testimi gjenetik p\u00ebr at\u00eb mutacion \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb shum\u00eb e arsyeshme p\u00ebr tu b\u00ebr\u00eb. Dhe pastaj ka dy grupe t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb rrezik ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Nj\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb se hebrenjt\u00eb Ashkenazi kan\u00eb nj\u00eb shans 1 n\u00eb 30 p\u00ebr t\u00eb bartur nj\u00eb mutacion BRCA1 q\u00eb predispozon p\u00ebr kancerin e gjirit. Ekzistojn\u00eb tre mutacione q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapura n\u00eb popullat\u00ebn Ashkenazi, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft e thjesht\u00eb t\u00eb testosh p\u00ebr ato tre variante te grat\u00eb hebreje Ashkenazi. Dhe at\u00ebher\u00eb kanceri i gjirit q\u00eb shfaqet tek nj\u00eb burr\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ngrej\u00eb me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb flamuj t\u00eb kuq q\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb gjithashtu nj\u00eb sindrom\u00eb gjenetike, shpesh BRCA1 ose BRCA2. Deri n\u00eb 40 ose 50% t\u00eb burrave me kancer t\u00eb gjirit mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb mutacione n\u00eb ato gjene. Kjo, natyrisht, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr ta, si dhe p\u00ebr an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e familjes q\u00eb ndajn\u00eb materialin e tyre gjenetik. Pra, kur p\u00ebrballemi me dik\u00eb q\u00eb po b\u00ebn teste gjenetike, duhet t\u00eb pyesim gjithmon\u00eb, \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me rezultatet q\u00eb dalin? Pra, n\u00ebse ato rezultojn\u00eb pozitive ose negative. Pra, n\u00ebse nj\u00eb person do t\u00eb testohej dhe do t\u00eb zbulohej nj\u00eb mutacion n\u00eb BRCA1 ose BRCA2 q\u00eb ishte lidhur m\u00eb par\u00eb me rrezikun e kancerit, ne do t\u00eb thoshim se ata jan\u00eb n\u00eb rrezik t\u00eb shtuar p\u00ebr t\u2019u prekur nga kanceri. Dhe pastaj do t\u00eb flisnim p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebnim p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb. Por ai parim vlen p\u00ebr testimin gjenetik t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha llojeve, p\u00ebr kancerin, p\u00ebr kardiomiopatin\u00eb, p\u00ebr ndjeshm\u00ebrin\u00eb ndaj aritmis\u00eb etj. N\u00ebse gjeni mutacionin q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i shoq\u00ebruar m\u00eb par\u00eb me s\u00ebmundjen n\u00eb fjal\u00eb, kjo do t\u00eb rris\u00eb rrezikun. Por ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb, kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb valide. Tani, ajo q\u00eb ne do t\u00eb donim t\u00eb b\u00ebnim, n\u00eb familjen q\u00eb ka mutacion dhe \u00e7do familje tjet\u00ebr, \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb fakt testimi i dikujt q\u00eb ka kancer. Testojm\u00eb dik\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin ne mendojm\u00eb se ka nj\u00eb kontribues gjenetik n\u00eb kancer tashm\u00eb t\u00eb formuar. N\u00ebse gjejm\u00eb nj\u00eb mutacion BRCA1 ose BRCA2, p\u00ebr shembull, at\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb testojm\u00eb \u00e7do an\u00ebtar tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb familjes dhe t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb pyetjen, a e ndajn\u00eb ata k\u00ebt\u00eb mutacion? N\u00ebse ata nuk e ndajn\u00eb at\u00eb mutacion, at\u00ebher\u00eb ata duhet t\u00eb trajtohen si \u00e7do person tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb vjen tek ju dhe thot\u00eb a jam i rrezikuar nga kanceri? Dhe p\u00ebrgjigja \u00ebsht\u00eb se ju nuk jeni n\u00eb rrezik m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr kancer se kushdo tjet\u00ebr. Nj\u00eb skenar tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb i nj\u00eb pacienti q\u00eb vjen tek ju, i cili thot\u00eb se askush n\u00eb familjen time nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb testuar m\u00eb par\u00eb. Un\u00eb kam nj\u00eb histori shum\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb familjare. Dhe, \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebj? Pra, ju b\u00ebni testimin dhe rezulton se ata nuk kan\u00eb asnj\u00eb mutacion q\u00eb mund ta identifikoni. Historia familjare \u00ebsht\u00eb treguese se di\u00e7ka ekziston q\u00eb e v\u00eb at\u00eb familje n\u00eb rrezik t\u00eb shtuar, por ju nuk mund ta gjeni mutacionin. P\u00ebrgjigjja \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb ju duhet t\u00eb vazhdoni t’i gjurmoni edhe m\u00eb tej, mund t\u00eb b\u00ebni m\u00eb shpesh ekzaminime mbik\u00ebqyr\u00ebse t\u00eb tilla si mamografia. Por ju nuk mund t’i deklaroni ato me rrezik t\u00eb shtuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Dhe pastaj, problemi m\u00eb i madh me testimin gjenetik bashk\u00ebkohor \u00ebsht\u00eb se ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb ju merrni pacient\u00eb q\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb testimin, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk kan\u00eb nj\u00eb an\u00ebtar t\u00eb familjes q\u00eb ka ende kancer, ose ju nuk keni nj\u00eb an\u00ebtar t\u00eb indeksuar t\u00eb familjes e rezultatet e testimit zbulojn\u00eb nj\u00eb variant q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb par\u00eb kurr\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjen si BRCA1 ose BRCA2. N\u00eb raste t\u00eb k\u00ebtilla, nuk mund t\u00eb thuash q\u00eb varianti gjenetik ka t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb rris\u00eb rrezikun. Gjithashtu nuk mund t\u00eb thoni q\u00eb varianti gjenetik thjesht mund t\u00eb mos ket\u00eb efekt plot\u00ebsisht. Pra, k\u00ebta jan\u00eb gjithashtu pacient\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt duhet t\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb mbik\u00ebqyrje dhe nj\u00eb ndjeshm\u00ebri t\u00eb shtuar ndaj mund\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb kancerit, por nuk mund ta deklarojm\u00eb pacientin q\u00eb ka rrezik shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb ndjeshm\u00ebris\u00eb ndaj kancerit.<\/p>\n

Pra, \u00e7far\u00eb ndodh me njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb kan\u00eb mutacione BRCA1? Rezulton se pacient\u00ebt q\u00eb kan\u00eb mutacione BRCA1 kan\u00eb nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar kancer t\u00eb gjirit ose vezoreve kur t\u00eb arrijn\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 70 vje\u00e7are. Mund t\u00eb themi q\u00eb gjasat arrijn\u00eb deri n\u00eb 90% bazuar n\u00eb studime shkencore. Dhe rreziku fillon n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 40 vje\u00e7 ose m\u00eb her\u00ebt p\u00ebr k\u00ebto gra. Si pik\u00eb referimi, frekuenca e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb kancerit t\u00eb gjirit \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 2% n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 50 vje\u00e7 dhe rreth 7% n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 70. Pra, k\u00ebto jan\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb rritje dramatike t\u00eb rrezikut t\u00eb kancerit. Gj\u00ebja tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr t\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebr pacient\u00ebt q\u00eb kan\u00eb kancer t\u00eb gjirit dhe q\u00eb kan\u00eb nj\u00eb mutacion BRCA1 ose BRCA2 \u00ebsht\u00eb se ata jan\u00eb n\u00eb rrezik shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur nj\u00eb kancer t\u00eb dyt\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilluar n\u00eb gjirin kontralateral. K\u00ebta pacient\u00eb gjithashtu kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr mbik\u00ebqyrje t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. Pra, \u00e7far\u00eb b\u00ebni me nj\u00eb person i cili rezulton pozitiv p\u00ebr nj\u00eb mutacion q\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb ishte i lidhur me kancerin. Ka me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb tre opsione dhe ato jan\u00eb shum\u00eb personale. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull i mjek\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb personalizuar ku pacienti \u00ebsht\u00eb personalizuesi, dhe pacienti vendos se \u00e7far\u00eb d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Rritja e mbik\u00ebqyrjes, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb mamografi m\u00eb t\u00eb shpeshta dhe n\u00eb fakt ekzaminime m\u00eb t\u00eb shpeshta gjinekologjike, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb opsion q\u00eb shum\u00eb gra zgjedhin.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb opsion i dyt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mastektomia profilaktike dhe salpingo-ooforektomia profilaktike. Dhe kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb shum\u00eb gra zgjedhin.<\/p>\n

Dhe pastaj mendohet se disa ila\u00e7e q\u00eb kan\u00eb aft\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtypur kancerin si Tamoxifen mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb dobishme p\u00ebr grat\u00eb q\u00eb zgjedhin t\u00eb shkojn\u00eb n\u00eb at\u00eb rrug\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebri, nj\u00eb zgjedhje shum\u00eb personale, dhe ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vendim q\u00eb gruaja duhet t\u00eb marr\u00eb s\u00eb bashku me mjekun dhe familjen e saj. Pra, p\u00ebrfundimi i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb se kush duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb v\u00ebmendje t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar gjenet e ndjeshm\u00ebris\u00eb ndaj kancerit. Historia e familjes \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb shum\u00eb godit\u00ebse. Dhe k\u00ebshtu \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e arsyeshme q\u00eb nj\u00eb pacient i till\u00eb t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb dhe t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb pyetjen, se a duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebj teste gjenetike? Ka shum\u00eb polemika rreth llojit t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb testimit gjenetik n\u00eb lidhje me faktin se \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i shtrenjt\u00eb. Kush do t\u00eb mendoj\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr BRCA1 dhe BRCA2, por p\u00ebr gjene t\u00eb tjera, gjene m\u00eb pak t\u00eb para, q\u00eb gjithashtu mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb mutacione q\u00eb predispozojn\u00eb ndaj kancerit. Kanceri i gjirit n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn m\u00eb pak se 50 vje\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb dometh\u00ebn\u00ebse tek grat\u00eb hebreje Ashkenazi, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht me nj\u00eb histori t\u00eb kancerit t\u00eb gjirit ose vezoreve. N\u00ebse ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb kancer t\u00eb vezoreve n\u00eb familje, kancer t\u00eb gjirit ose vezoreve, nj\u00eb burr\u00eb me kancer t\u00eb gjirit duhet ta hap\u00eb at\u00eb familje p\u00ebr vler\u00ebsim t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm gjenetik. Kanceri pankreatik gjithashtu lind nga mutacionet BRCA1 dhe BRCA2 dhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb kancer pankreatik n\u00eb familje duhet t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim. Kanceri kolorektal n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb hershme se 50 vje\u00e7 dhe shum\u00eb polipe t\u00eb zorr\u00ebs s\u00eb trash\u00eb, jan\u00eb treguese p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ekzaminim t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm. Disa feokromocitoma jan\u00eb familjare dhe m\u00eb pas kanceri medular i tiroides \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr kancer tipik q\u00eb shpesh shfaqet n\u00eb familje dhe duhet t\u00eb nxis\u00eb nj\u00eb referim tek nj\u00eb specialist i familjes p\u00ebr kancerin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shkrim do t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn historia familjare e kancerit mund t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb metod\u00ebn se si i trajtojm\u00eb pacient\u00ebt q\u00eb vijn\u00eb tek ne pa kancer, por duam t\u00eb dim\u00eb n\u00ebse ata jan\u00eb n\u00eb rrezik t\u00eb shtuar apo jo. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shkrim do ta shtjellojm\u00eb kancerin e gjirit. Mund t\u2019ia […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":64437,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,5],"tags":[1946],"class_list":["post-64756","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinione","category-shendetesi","tag-egzon-avdullahi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64756","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=64756"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64756\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":64818,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64756\/revisions\/64818"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64437"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=64756"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=64756"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=64756"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}