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Sot, dallimi me situat\u00ebn midis Kosov\u00ebs dhe Serbis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb se ndryshimi i kufijve q\u00eb po shqyrtohet, do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb ndryshim i negociuar dhe rrjedhimisht paq\u00ebsor. Ndryshimet konsensuale jan\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me ligjin nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, dhe se nj\u00eb ndryshim i till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb arritur edhe gjetiu, si p\u00ebr shembull, shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e \u00c7ekosllovakis\u00eb, n\u00eb dy shtete: \u00c7ekin\u00eb dhe Sllovakin\u00eb m\u00eb 1993. Ndryshimet konsensuale t\u00eb kufirit u diskutuan (por pa sukses) edhe n\u00eb konferenc\u00ebn p\u00ebr Jugosllavin\u00eb m\u00eb 1991.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebrderisa ndryshimi i kufijve mund t\u00eb zgjidh\u00eb nj\u00eb problem si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb pak\u00ebnaq\u00ebsia e serb\u00ebve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb veri t\u00eb lumit Ib\u00ebr, dhe si shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb Lugin\u00ebn e Preshev\u00ebs, ekziston mund\u00ebsia q\u00eb t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb n\u00eb migrime t\u00eb pakicave nga k\u00ebto pjes\u00eb t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs dhe Serbis\u00eb, pasi ato nuk do t\u00eb d\u00ebshironin t\u00eb jetonin n\u00ebn autoritetin e nj\u00eb sovraniteti t\u00eb huaj. Ata q\u00eb do t\u00eb mbesnin do t\u00eb ndjeheshin me siguri m\u00eb t\u00eb pambrojtur. K\u00ebshtu, potenciali p\u00ebr nj\u00eb konflikt t\u00eb m\u00ebtejm\u00eb do t\u00eb reduktohej n\u00ebse autoritetet kosovare dhe serbe do t\u00eb p\u00ebrkushtoheshin t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrin masa p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00eb drejtave dhe promovimin e interesave t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre pakicave, edhe pse rezultatet e deritanishme n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrziera.<\/p>\n
Ekzistojn\u00eb mendime t\u00eb ndryshme se nj\u00eb ide e till\u00eb e ndryshimit t\u00eb kufijve mund t\u00eb hap\u00eb \u2018Kutin\u00eb e Pandor\u00ebs\u2019 dhe t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasoja n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb rajonin. Megjithat\u00eb, dy president\u00ebt kan\u00eb potencuar se n\u00ebse d\u00ebshtojn\u00eb t\u00eb arrijn\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje, pasojat p\u00ebr dyja vendet do t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb pap\u00ebrmir\u00ebsueshme. Sipas jush, cila \u00ebsht\u00eb rruga q\u00eb duhet ndjekur n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u2018momentum\u2019 t\u00eb ri p\u00ebr rajonin?<\/p>\n
Richard Caplan: Kan\u00eb ekzistuar shqet\u00ebsime q\u00eb moti se ndryshimi i kufijve n\u00eb rajon mund t\u00eb hap\u00eb \u2018Kutin\u00eb e Pandor\u00ebs\u2019. Hezitimi p\u00ebr njohjen e shteteve t\u00eb dala nga ish-Jugosllavia, \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye. \u201cAjo \u00e7far\u00eb kemi b\u00ebr\u00eb me Jugosllavin\u00eb, mund t\u00eb zbatohet nga raste tjera\u201d, pati th\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1991, ministri i Jasht\u00ebm francez Roland Dumas. Mir\u00ebpo, ende \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb thuhet se njohja e shteteve t\u00eb reja ka pasur ndikim n\u00eb raste tjera. Shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e shteteve kudo ( Bashkimi Sovjetik, \u00c7ekosllovakia) ka qen\u00eb e mbizot\u00ebruar m\u00eb shum\u00eb nga logjika e brendshme sesa nga perspektiva e njohjeve.<\/p>\n
Shqet\u00ebsime t\u00eb ngjashme u v\u00ebrejt\u00ebn edhe me shpalljen e nj\u00ebanshme t\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs m\u00eb 2008. Autoritetet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare ishin n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti t\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuara p\u00ebr pasojat q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb te serb\u00ebt e Bosnj\u00ebs. Megjithat\u00eb, kur Kosova e shpalli pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb, autoritetet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare mor\u00ebn mundin t\u00eb theksojn\u00eb dallimet midis dy rasteve, duke th\u00ebn\u00eb se garantimi i pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr Republik\u00ebn Serbe do t\u00eb barazohej me pastrimin etnik, mbi baz\u00ebn e t\u00eb cilit serb\u00ebt vun\u00eb dominimin n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rajon, dhe si e till\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte e papranueshme.<\/p>\n
Ky ndryshim i theksuar q\u00ebndron i heshtur sot, por q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i vetmi: \u00e7do rregullim i kufirit q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb i pranuesh\u00ebm do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb kishte mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb gjer\u00eb n\u00eb udh\u00ebheqjen politike dhe popullat\u00ebn e gjer\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb dhe Serbi. Ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb n\u00ebse nj\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje e till\u00eb ekziston n\u00eb dyja vendet por \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb se e qart\u00eb se nuk ekziston n\u00eb Bosnje dhe Hercegovin\u00eb ose n\u00eb Maqedoni.<\/p>\n
N\u00ebse ndryshimi i kufijve arrihet me pajtueshm\u00ebri, kjo do t\u00eb lejonte Serbin\u00eb dhe Kosov\u00ebn t\u00eb normalizonin raportet. Normalizimi i raporteve do t\u2019ia mund\u00ebsonte Serbin\u00eb dhe Kosov\u00ebs to l\u00ebvizin p\u00ebrpara n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e integrimeve evropiane.<\/p>\n
Alternativa e kund\u00ebrt k\u00ebrc\u00ebnon vazhdimin me nj\u00eb braktisje diplomatike, e cila Kosov\u00ebn do t\u00eb linte pa njohje t\u00eb nj\u00eb numri t\u00eb madh t\u00eb vendeve, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb pes\u00eb shtetet e Bashkimit Evropian. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht do ta linte me p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr integrimin e veriut t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. Nuk duhet t\u00eb n\u00ebnvler\u00ebsojm\u00eb pasojat e nj\u00eb shtyrje t\u00eb afateve.<\/p>\n
K\u00ebshilltari p\u00ebr Siguri komb\u00ebtare i presidentit t\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb, Donald Trump, John Bolton, ka th\u00ebn\u00eb se Shtetet e Bashkuara nuk e p\u00ebrjashtojn\u00eb korrigjimin e kufijve midis Kosov\u00ebs dhe Serbis\u00eb, n\u00ebse pal\u00ebt pajtohen p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb. N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, Gjermania dhe Britania Madhe jan\u00eb m\u00eb hezituese ndaj k\u00ebsaj ideje. Si e komentoni k\u00ebt\u00eb situat\u00eb?<\/p>\n
Richard Caplan: Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb befasi q\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara jan\u00eb \u2018agnostike\u2019 p\u00ebr ndryshimin e kufijve pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast. \u00cbsht\u00eb e pritshme q\u00eb ata t\u00eb mir\u00ebpresin nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje q\u00eb d\u00ebrgon n\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e raporteve midis Kosov\u00ebs dhe Serbis\u00eb. Gjithashtu, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb befasuese q\u00eb Gjermania dhe Britania e Madhe, bashk\u00eb me disa shtete evropiane, kan\u00eb treguar m\u00eb pak entuziaz\u00ebm p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb iniciativ\u00eb, pasi ato frik\u00ebsohen nga efektet q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb ndryshimi i propozuar i kufijve, pavar\u00ebsisht m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs s\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb dhe konsensuale q\u00eb mund t\u00eb arrihen k\u00ebto ndryshime.<\/p>\n
Gjithashtu, ekziston shqet\u00ebsimi q\u00eb ndryshimi i kufijve, reflekton p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr largimin e pakicave nga k\u00ebto territore, n\u00eb vend se t\u00eb promovohet bashk\u00ebjetesa dhe shum\u00ebllojshm\u00ebria nd\u00ebrmjet komuniteteve. \u201cL\u00ebvizja e kufij\u00ebve nuk do t\u00eb rregulloj\u00eb ndarjet, por do ti thelloj\u00eb ato\u201d, kan\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr v\u00ebrejtjen, Carld Bild, Paddy Ashdown dhe Christian Scharz-Schilling, tre p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb lart\u00eb p\u00ebr Bosnj\u00eb Hercegovin\u00ebn.<\/p>\n
Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb hera e par\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebto dy vende ballkanike propozojn\u00eb zgjidhje t\u00eb problemeve, p\u00ebrderisa gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb historis\u00eb zgjidhjet u jan\u00eb ofruar nga aktor\u00eb tjer\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar\u00eb. Si mund t\u00eb menaxhohet kjo situat\u00eb nga komuniteti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb epok\u00eb, kur kemi vlime t\u00eb tensioneve n\u00eb shum\u00eb rajone n\u00eb bot\u00eb. A mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb propozime t\u00eb ngjashme p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e problemeve edhe nga vendet tjera?<\/p>\n
Richard Caplan: \u00cbsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb theksohet se kjo zgjidhje po buron nga udh\u00ebheqja lokale sesa si rezultat i diplomacis\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. Rregullimi i negociuar i kufijve mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb baz\u00eb p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e konflikteve kudo, si\u00e7 edhe ka qen\u00eb rastet (jo pa probleme) t\u00eb Etiopis\u00eb dhe Eritres\u00eb dhe Sudanit me Sudanin Jugor. \u00cbsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e rrall\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb ket\u00eb vullnet q\u00eb t\u00eb heq\u00eb dor\u00eb nga sovraniteti i nj\u00eb pjese t\u00eb territorit. Somalilandi, n\u00eb veri t\u00eb Somalis\u00eb, q\u00eb ka qen\u00eb i pavarur n\u00eb gjitha aspektet, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 emrit, q\u00eb nga 1991, \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebshmi se sa e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjidhje e till\u00eb.\/REL<\/p>\n
Burimi: gazetaeprizrenit<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Sot, dallimi me situat\u00ebn midis Kosov\u00ebs dhe Serbis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb se ndryshimi i kufijve q\u00eb po shqyrtohet, do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb ndryshim i negociuar dhe rrjedhimisht paq\u00ebsor. Ndryshimet konsensuale jan\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me ligjin nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, dhe se nj\u00eb ndryshim i till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb arritur edhe gjetiu, si p\u00ebr shembull, shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e \u00c7ekosllovakis\u00eb, n\u00eb dy shtete: \u00c7ekin\u00eb dhe […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":87040,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-87039","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-interviste"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87039","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=87039"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87039\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":87041,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87039\/revisions\/87041"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/87040"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=87039"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=87039"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/al\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=87039"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}