{"id":48022,"date":"2026-05-26T12:55:44","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T10:55:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/pamuk-nereden-geliyor-genetik-bir-calisma-binlerce-yillik-tarihi-oruyor\/"},"modified":"2026-05-26T12:55:44","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T10:55:44","slug":"pamuk-nereden-geliyor-genetik-bir-calisma-binlerce-yillik-tarihi-oruyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/pamuk-nereden-geliyor-genetik-bir-calisma-binlerce-yillik-tarihi-oruyor\/","title":{"rendered":"Pamuk nereden geliyor? Genetik bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihi “\u00f6r\u00fcyor”"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve rahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bilinen pamuk, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde di\u011fer bitki liflerinden daha fazla kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ve d\u00fcnyadaki en karl\u0131 g\u0131da d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerden biridir.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda d\u00f6rt ana pamuk t\u00fcr\u00fc yeti\u015ftirilmektedir, ancak bunlardan biri olan Gossypium hirsutum, k\u00fcresel \u00fcretimin yakla\u015f\u0131k %90’\u0131na hakimdir.<\/p>\n

Yeni bir genetik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, bu \u00f6nemli t\u00fcr\u00fcn evcille\u015ftirilmesinin izini s\u00fcr\u00fcyor ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 4 ila 7 bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce d\u00fcnyada evcille\u015ftirildi\u011fini ortaya koyuyor. Meksika’daki Yucatan Yar\u0131madas\u0131’n\u0131n kuzeybat\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131. O zamanlar, Maya uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nce, Tun\u00e7 \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7ileri b\u00f6lgede ya\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, ekili \u00e7e\u015fitlerin genomlar\u0131n\u0131 Yucatan, Florida ve Karayip adalar\u0131 Porto Riko ve Guadeloupe’deki yabani bitkilerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak bu sonuca ula\u015ft\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

“Yabani pamuk bitkileri odunsu, \u00e7ok dall\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131lar veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck a\u011fa\u00e7lard\u0131r. Uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcrler, seyrek \u00e7i\u00e7eklidirler ve ekili \u00e7e\u015fitlere k\u0131yasla daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7i\u00e7ekler, meyveler ve tohumlara sahiptirler.” PNAS dergisinde yay\u0131nlanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ortak yazar\u0131 Iowa State \u00dcniversitesi’nden Wendel, Reuters’e \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Pamuk ipliklerinin asl\u0131nda tek h\u00fccreli tohum t\u00fcyleri oldu\u011funu, ancak bitkilerin en benzersiz ve \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 yap\u0131lar\u0131ndan birini olu\u015fturduklar\u0131n\u0131 ekledi.<\/p>\n

Iowa Eyaleti’nden Corinne Grover, “ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara g\u00f6re, “ilk tekstil i\u015f\u00e7ileri bu iplikleri elle e\u011firiyordu ve bunlar\u0131 kuma\u015f, bal\u0131k a\u011flar\u0131, ipler ve di\u011fer \u00fcr\u00fcnleri \u00f6rmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131yordu” dedi. \u00dcniversite.<\/p>\n

Gossypium hirsutum, 16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u0130spanyol fetih\u00e7ilerinin Amerika’ya gelmesinden sonra d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131ld\u0131. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00c7in, Hindistan, ABD ve Brezilya en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcreticilerdir.<\/p>\n

Beklendi\u011fi gibi, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn yeti\u015ftirilen pamuk \u00e7e\u015fitleri, yabani atalar\u0131na k\u0131yasla \u00e7ok daha az genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe sahiptir; bu, evcille\u015ftirilmi\u015f bitki ve hayvan t\u00fcrlerinde yayg\u0131n bir olgudur.<\/p>\n

Bilim insanlar\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitlilikteki bu azalman\u0131n, t\u00fcr\u00fcn iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi nedeniyle artan s\u0131cakl\u0131klar gibi \u00e7evresel de\u011fi\u015fikliklere uyum sa\u011flama yetene\u011fini s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda uyar\u0131yor. iklimseldir.<\/p>\n

Daha \u00f6nce yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara g\u00f6re, bug\u00fcn k\u00fcresel \u00fcretimin yakla\u015f\u0131k %5’ini olu\u015fturan di\u011fer bir pamuk t\u00fcr\u00fc olan Gossypium barbadense’nin Peru veya Ekvador k\u00f6kenli oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

Daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck miktarlarda ba\u015fka iki t\u00fcr taraf\u0131ndan da \u00fcretilmektedir: Hindistan k\u00f6kenli Gossypium arboreum ve Sahra Alt\u0131 Afrika ve Arap k\u00f6kenli Gossypium herbaceum. Yar\u0131mada.<\/p>\n

18. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda, ABD’de tohumlar\u0131n liflerden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 otomatikle\u015ftiren ilk pamuk i\u015fleme makineleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu, i\u015fleme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rd\u0131 ve pamuk ekimini \u00e7ok daha karl\u0131 hale getirdi.<\/p>\n

Grover’a g\u00f6re “pamu\u011fun, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde k\u00f6lelikle, yerli halklar\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclmesiyle ve imparatorluklar\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131yla olan ili\u015fkisi nedeniyle karma\u015f\u0131k bir tarihi var. Ancak, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki insanlar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131yla i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f, kal\u0131c\u0131 bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrd\u00fcr.”<\/p>\n

\n

Kaynak: prizrenpost<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve rahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bilinen pamuk, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde di\u011fer bitki liflerinden daha fazla kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ve d\u00fcnyadaki en karl\u0131 g\u0131da d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerden biridir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda d\u00f6rt ana pamuk t\u00fcr\u00fc yeti\u015ftirilmektedir, ancak bunlardan biri olan Gossypium hirsutum, k\u00fcresel \u00fcretimin yakla\u015f\u0131k %90’\u0131na hakimdir. Yeni bir genetik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, bu \u00f6nemli t\u00fcr\u00fcn evcille\u015ftirilmesinin izini s\u00fcr\u00fcyor ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 4 ila 7 bin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":48023,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48022","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mizah"],"views":7,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48022","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48022"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48022\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":48024,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48022\/revisions\/48024"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48023"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48022"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48022"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48022"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}