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Muhammed Gholam El Habot, eski el yazmalar\u0131na dokunmadan \u00f6nce dikkatlice bir \u00e7ift beyaz eldiven tak\u0131yor. Kuzey Moritanya’daki antik Chinguetti kasabas\u0131ndaki sessiz k\u00fct\u00fcphanenin i\u00e7indeki metal raflarda, zamanla y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f deri kapakl\u0131 y\u00fczlerce nadir kitap bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131k ah\u015fap kap\u0131lardan i\u00e7eri giren g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00f6\u011fle \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle hava berrakt\u0131r.\u00a0Arap\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck bir el yazmas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131yor, sararm\u0131\u015f sayfalarda hasar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol ediyor, ard\u0131ndan dikkatlice kapat\u0131p karton kutuya koyuyor.<\/p>\n
\u201cBu kitaplar benim ailem gibi!\u201d 50 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki adam, y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn etraf\u0131nda u\u00e7u\u015fan sinekleri uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken Hassaniya leh\u00e7esiyle \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: “Onlarla ili\u015fkim baba-o\u011ful aras\u0131ndakine benziyor. Onlar\u0131 korumal\u0131y\u0131z” diye ekliyor.<\/p>\n
El Habot aile k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi, bir zamanlar \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir ticari ve dini merkezi olan, Sahra’n\u0131n kenar\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir orta\u00e7a\u011f \u015fehri olan Chinguetti’de hala i\u015flevsel kalan birka\u00e7 k\u00fct\u00fcphaneden biri.<\/p>\n
Bug\u00fcn, ta\u015f sokaklar neredeyse bo\u015f. Sakinlerin \u00e7o\u011fu, i\u015f ve daha iyi bir ya\u015fam aray\u0131\u015f\u0131yla ba\u015fkent Nouakchott’a veya di\u011fer \u015fehirlere gitti.<\/p>\n
Ancak tek tehdit g\u00f6\u00e7 de\u011fil.\u00a0Topraklar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 90’\u0131n\u0131n Sahra taraf\u0131ndan kapland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Moritanya, giderek artan \u00e7\u00f6lle\u015fme ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya. Kum f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131 daha s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131klar daha uzun s\u00fcr\u00fcyor ve ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemez hale geldi.<\/p>\n
\u00c7amur ve ta\u015ftan in\u015fa edilmi\u015f k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler i\u00e7in bu sessiz bir felaket. Wyoming \u00dcniversitesi’nden Amerikal\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Andrew Bishop, “A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve dengesiz nem, el yazmalar\u0131na geri d\u00f6n\u00fclemez \u015fekilde zarar veriyor” diye a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor. Kendisi ayr\u0131ca \u015funu vurguluyor: “Bu geleneksel binalar 40 derecenin \u00fczerindeki s\u0131cakl\u0131klara veya yo\u011fun ya\u011f\u0131\u015flara dayanacak \u015fekilde in\u015fa edilmedi.”<\/p>\n
Muhammed el Habot k\u00fct\u00fcphaneci olmay\u0131 planlamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda babas\u0131n\u0131n hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve vefat\u0131ndan sonra g\u00f6rev gere\u011fi aile k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinin ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7ti. K\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinde kitaplarla ilgilenmek b\u00fcy\u00fck bir onur say\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde gen\u00e7 neslin art\u0131k ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedi\u011fini \u00fcz\u00fclerek s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u0130ki o\u011flu da bu gelene\u011fi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek istemiyor. Chinguetti’li gen\u00e7lerin \u00e7o\u011fu, ekonomik f\u0131rsatlar\u0131n daha fazla oldu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlere gidiyor.<\/p>\n
“Bir zamanlar k\u00fct\u00fcphanenin bek\u00e7isi olarak se\u00e7ilmek bir gurur meselesiydi. Bug\u00fcn herkes ayr\u0131lmak istiyor” diyor. Ailesinin k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinin tarihi birka\u00e7 y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00f6ncesine dayan\u0131yor. Atalar\u0131ndan biri olan Sidi Mohamed Ould Habot, bilgi aramak i\u00e7in M\u0131s\u0131r’dan End\u00fcl\u00fcs’e seyahat eden \u00fcnl\u00fc alimler aras\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Chinguetti’ye \u0130slam hukuku, matematik, t\u0131p, astronomi ve \u015fiir \u00fczerine binlerce kitap getirdiler. En parlak d\u00f6neminde \u015fehir “\u0130slam’\u0131n yedinci kutsal \u015fehri” olarak kabul ediliyordu. Mekke’ye giden hac\u0131lar, \u00e7\u00f6lde yapacaklar\u0131 uzun yolculu\u011fa haz\u0131rlanmak i\u00e7in orada durdular.<\/p>\n
Zamanla ticaret yollar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fti ve \u015fehrin \u00f6nemi azald\u0131. K\u00fct\u00fcphaneler birbiri ard\u0131na kapanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ancak El Habot, ailenin miras\u0131n\u0131n terk edilemeyece\u011fine inan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
“Atalar\u0131m\u0131z, k\u00fct\u00fcphanenin herkese a\u00e7\u0131k kalmas\u0131n\u0131 ve ailenin d\u00fcr\u00fcst bir torunu taraf\u0131ndan korunmas\u0131n\u0131 emanet etti. Bu bizim i\u00e7in ahlaki ve manevi bir sorumluluktur” diyor.<\/p>\n
Bu arada el yazmalar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 giderek daha pahal\u0131 hale geldi. Kitaplar b\u00f6ceklerden, nemden ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131klardan zarar g\u00f6r\u00fcr. En s\u0131cak g\u00fcnlerde nemi art\u0131rmak ve hassas yanaklar\u0131n kurumas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in salona kovalarla su koyuyor.<\/p>\n
Bir zamanlar k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir gelir kayna\u011f\u0131 olan turizm, Moritanya’da yabanc\u0131lara y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar ve ard\u0131ndan pandemiden bu yana keskin bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fad\u0131. Ziyaret\u00e7iler yava\u015f yava\u015f geri d\u00f6n\u00fcyor ancak Chinguetti’nin k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerinin \u00e7o\u011fu kapal\u0131 kal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
UNESCO, 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015fehrin on \u00fc\u00e7 k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi i\u00e7in klima, bilgisayar ve depolama ekipman\u0131 sa\u011flayan 100.000 dolarl\u0131k bir restorasyon projesini finanse etti. Ancak El Habot i\u00e7in zorluk, ekipman eksikli\u011finden \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fka bir eski el yazmas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131yor ve heyecanla ay\u0131n evreleri ve tutulman\u0131n resimlerini g\u00f6steriyor. Bir sonraki sayfada Mekke ve Medine g\u00f6steriliyor. Kitab\u0131 elinde tutarken al\u00e7ak sesle, “Bu miras\u0131 sanki benim bir par\u00e7amm\u0131\u015f gibi korumal\u0131y\u0131m. Sadece ailem i\u00e7in de\u011fil, t\u00fcm insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in” diyor. tesheshi.com<\/p>\n
Kaynak: prizrenpost<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Muhammed Gholam El Habot, eski el yazmalar\u0131na dokunmadan \u00f6nce dikkatlice bir \u00e7ift beyaz eldiven tak\u0131yor. Kuzey Moritanya’daki antik Chinguetti kasabas\u0131ndaki sessiz k\u00fct\u00fcphanenin i\u00e7indeki metal raflarda, zamanla y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f deri kapakl\u0131 y\u00fczlerce nadir kitap bulunmaktad\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131k ah\u015fap kap\u0131lardan i\u00e7eri giren g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00f6\u011fle \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle hava berrakt\u0131r.\u00a0Arap\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck bir el yazmas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131yor, sararm\u0131\u015f sayfalarda hasar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":55346,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55345","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55345","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=55345"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55345\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55347,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55345\/revisions\/55347"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/55346"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55345"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=55345"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=55345"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}