![\"bosna\"](\"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/bosna.jpg\")
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Bosna-Hersek\u2019in gelece\u011fi Bosnal\u0131lar\u0131n elinde ve \u00fclkenin nas\u0131l bir karaktere sahip olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kendilerinin tercihleri belirleyecek.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Dr. Mehmet Ali Debre<\/strong><\/p>\n Bosna sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n az bilinen y\u00f6nlendiren biri Dayton Anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n imzalanma ko\u015fullar\u0131d\u0131r. 1995 senesinde katliam ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m te\u015febb\u00fcslerine kar\u015f\u0131 4 y\u0131l direnen Bosnal\u0131lar S\u0131rp ordusuna kar\u015f\u0131 ilerlemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Banja Luka ve hatta Belgrad\u2019a kadar gidilebilece\u011fi konu\u015fuluyordu. Y\u0131llar s\u00fcren katliamlardan sonra S\u0131rplar da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Bosna ordusu toparlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ancak Bat\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerin dayatmas\u0131 ve H\u0131rvatlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenilmez karakteri birle\u015fince Bosnal\u0131lar biraz da mecburen ate\u015fkese raz\u0131 oldu. Bu karar\u0131 veren Aliya Izzetbegovi\u00e7 ilk kez y\u00fcksek sesle ele\u015ftirilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Tam da toprak kazanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fken neden Dayton gibi Bo\u015fnaklar\u0131n aleyhine i\u015fleyen bir anla\u015fmaya imza atacaklard\u0131? Tart\u0131\u015fmalar esnas\u0131nda Aliya \u0130zzetbegovi\u00e7 mealen \u015f\u00f6yle bir cevap verdi: \u201cArt\u0131k bar\u0131\u015f zaman\u0131 da neler yapabileceklerimizi g\u00f6rmeliyiz\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n Bosna-Hersek\u2019i y\u00f6netilmez bir halde b\u0131rakan Dayton 1995 y\u0131l\u0131 Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda imzaland\u0131. \u015eartlar a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131, \u00fclke ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f ve karma kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k bir idare sistemi dayat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n silahlar susmu\u015f, Bosnal\u0131lar kendilerinin de y\u00f6netebilece\u011fi bir devlete kavu\u015fmu\u015ftu. Ancak ilgin\u00e7 bir \u015fekilde sava\u015f zaman\u0131 kahramanca m\u00fccadele eden Bosnal\u0131lar Dayton\u2019dan sonra yava\u015f yava\u015f \u00fclkeyi terk edip Avrupa ve Amerika\u2019ya g\u00f6\u00e7 etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. San\u0131lan\u0131n aksine Bo\u015fnaklar\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7o\u011fu sava\u015f zaman\u0131 de\u011fil sava\u015f sonras\u0131 cereyan etmi\u015ftir. AB ve ABD\u2019nin Bosnal\u0131lar i\u00e7in sundu\u011fu vize avantaj\u0131 cazibe olu\u015fturmu\u015ftu. Y\u00fczbinlerce Bosnal\u0131 herhangi bir engele tak\u0131lmadan Almanya, Avusturya, \u0130sve\u00e7, \u0130ngiltere gibi Avrupa \u00fclkelerine gidip yerle\u015fim alabiliyor, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma iznine sahip olabiliyordu.<\/p>\n G\u00f6\u00e7 ile ba\u015flayan sosyal kriz Bosna-Hersek\u2019e yap\u0131lan d\u0131\u015f yard\u0131mlarla yeni bir boyut kazand\u0131. \u00d6zellikle M\u00fcsl\u00fcman d\u00fcnyas\u0131 Bosna\u2019ya finansal destek ve altyap\u0131 yard\u0131m\u0131 ak\u0131tmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sadece T\u00fcrkiye de\u011fil K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkeleri ve hatta Malezya-Endonezya gibi \u00fclkelerden Bosna-Hersek\u2019e maddi destek geliyordu. Sadece T\u0130KA\u2019n\u0131n rakamlar\u0131na g\u00f6re n\u00fcfusa mukayeseli d\u0131\u015f yard\u0131mda Bosna-Hersek ilk s\u0131radayd\u0131. Devlet kurumlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda STK\u2019lar ve bireysel gayretlerle organize edilen destekler vard\u0131.<\/p>\n Bu desteklerin yan\u0131nda 2000\u2019lerde ba\u015flayan turizm dalgas\u0131 ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan inan\u0131lmaz rakamlar Bosna-Hersek\u2019teki sosyal hayat\u0131 iyice de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Art\u0131k Bosna\u2019da \u00fcretim yapan n\u00fcfus kalmam\u0131\u015f, Diaspora ve di\u011fer M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlardan gelen maddi yard\u0131m ve turizme dayanan bir sosyal yap\u0131 ortaya olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n (Ayn\u0131 s\u00fcrede AB ve ABD\u2019nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yard\u0131mlar\u0131 da g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmemek laz\u0131m)<\/p>\n Sava\u015f sonras\u0131 geli\u015fmeler sonu\u00e7 olarak aile ve n\u00fcfus yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimi tetikledi. 1921\u2019deki n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re 1.890 milyon ki\u015finin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bosna-Hersek b\u00f6lgesinin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfusu y\u00fczde 31\u2019di. Yugoslavya d\u00f6nemi yap\u0131lan ilk say\u0131mda yine M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n n\u00fcfusu y\u00fczde 30 civar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Resmi verilere g\u00f6re 1948 ile 1992 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131 bu denge de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir; 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan resm\u00ee say\u0131ma g\u00f6re Bosna-Hersek n\u00fcfusu 4.370.000 ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar bu n\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde 43\u2019unu olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. Sava\u015ftan sonra 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda BM\u2019nin y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re Bosna-Hersek\u2019te 3.900 milyon insan ya\u015f\u0131yordu ve b\u00fct\u00fcn katliamlara kar\u015f\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 46\u2019a y\u00fckselmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n Peki aradan ge\u00e7en 20 senede Bosna-Hersek\u2019te ne oldu? Evlilik ve do\u011fum oranlar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n, hatta d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyesine geriledi. Bosna\u2019da \u015fu anda aile hayat\u0131 ya\u015fayan insan say\u0131s\u0131 neredeyse n\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde 50\u2019sinin alt\u0131nda. Yak\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klanan 2013 say\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re Bosna-Hersek\u2019te \u015fu an 3, 5 milyon ki\u015fi ya\u015f\u0131yor ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfus y\u00fczde y\u00fczde 50\u2019ye ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda. Ancak bu say\u0131mda yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan kay\u0131t oldu\u011funu da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek 1996-2016 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Bosna-Hersek n\u00fcfusu yakla\u015f\u0131k 500.000 ki\u015fi azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00f6\u00e7 eden insanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funu da gen\u00e7 kitle olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Halbuki s\u00fcre\u00e7 1948-1992 aras\u0131ndaki gibi devam etseydi \u015fu anda Bosna-Hersek\u2019in n\u00fcfusu 5 milyon, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n da oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 70 olacakt\u0131. Yani Dayton Anla\u015fmas\u0131 fiilen sona erecekti. Hatta kronik bir hal alan Sancak B\u00f6lgesi sorunu da belki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme kavu\u015facakt\u0131.<\/p>\n Bu resme g\u00f6re Bosna-Hersek\u2019in gelece\u011finin parlak olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bu durumda Bosnal\u0131lar\u0131n kendilerinin de pay\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve kendi geleceklerini tayin edebilecek durumda olduklar\u0131n\u0131 tekrar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeleri gerekiyor. T\u00fcrkiye, AB, ABD, Rusya ve hatta S\u0131rbistan\u2019\u0131n faaliyetleri elbette \u00f6nemli, ancak Bosna-Hersek halen Bosnal\u0131lar\u0131n vatan\u0131 ve bu vatan\u0131 de\u011ferli k\u0131lmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in orada yerle\u015fik olup yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmalar\u0131 gerekiyor. Bosna-Hersek\u2019in bir tatil cenneti veya uluslararas\u0131 yard\u0131m kurulu\u015flar\u0131ndan yard\u0131m bekleyen i\u015flevsiz bir \u00fclke olarak mevcudiyetini devam ettirmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Yani art\u0131k Bosnal\u0131lar i\u00e7in karar verme vaktinin geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Bosna-Hersek\u2019in gelece\u011fi Bosnal\u0131lar\u0131n elinde ve \u00fclkenin nas\u0131l bir karaktere sahip olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kendilerinin tercihleri belirleyecek.<\/p>\n Kaynak: dunyabulteni.net<\/strong><\/p>\n *Yazarlar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri mutlak olarak Prizren Post’un g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini temsil etmemektedir.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Bosna-Hersek\u2019in gelece\u011fi Bosnal\u0131lar\u0131n elinde ve \u00fclkenin nas\u0131l bir karaktere sahip olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kendilerinin tercihleri belirleyecek. Dr. Mehmet Ali Debre Bosna sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n az bilinen y\u00f6nlendiren biri Dayton Anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n imzalanma ko\u015fullar\u0131d\u0131r. 1995 senesinde katliam ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m te\u015febb\u00fcslerine kar\u015f\u0131 4 y\u0131l direnen Bosnal\u0131lar S\u0131rp ordusuna kar\u015f\u0131 ilerlemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Banja Luka ve hatta Belgrad\u2019a kadar gidilebilece\u011fi konu\u015fuluyordu. Y\u0131llar s\u00fcren katliamlardan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7139,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[629,1005],"class_list":["post-7138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kose-yazilari","tag-kose-yazilari","tag-mehmet-ali-debre"],"views":541,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7138","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7138"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7138\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7587,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7138\/revisions\/7587"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7139"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7138"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7138"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7138"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}