{"id":7448,"date":"2017-01-08T23:43:27","date_gmt":"2017-01-08T22:43:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/?p=7448"},"modified":"2017-01-08T23:43:27","modified_gmt":"2017-01-08T22:43:27","slug":"semseddin-sami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/semseddin-sami\/","title":{"rendered":"\u015eemseddin Sami"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u015eemseddin Sami Fra\u015feri, 1 Haziran 1850 y\u0131l\u0131nda Frash\u00ebr Arnavutluk\u2019ta do\u011fdu. Arnavut as\u0131ll\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 yazar, ansiklopedist ve s\u00f6zl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk harfleriyle yaz\u0131lan ilk T\u00fcrk\u00e7e roman olan Taa\u015f\u015fuk-\u0131 Talat ve Fitnat\u2019\u0131n (1872), ilk T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ansiklopedi olan Kamus-\u00fcl Alam\u2019\u0131n (1889-1898) ve modern anlamdaki ilk geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e s\u00f6zl\u00fck olan Kamus-\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00ee\u2019nin (1901) yazar\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Kamus-\u0131 Fransev\u00ee adl\u0131 Frans\u0131zca ve Kamus-\u0131 Arab\u00ee adl\u0131 Arap\u00e7a s\u00f6zl\u00fckleri kaleme alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

A\u011fabeyi Abd\u00fcl Fra\u015feri ile birlikte, Latin ve Yunan harflerini kullanan ilk Arnavut alfabesini geli\u015ftirmi\u015f (1879) ve Arnavut\u00e7a bir gramer kitab\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (1886). Karde\u015fi Naim Fra\u015feri, Arnavut milli \u015fiirinin kurucusu olarak kabul edilir. Galatasaray Spor Kul\u00fcb\u00fc\u2019 n\u00fcn kurucusu Ali Sami Yen\u2019in babas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u0131mar sahibi Fra\u015fer\u00ee ailesinden Halit Bey\u2019in be\u015f o\u011flundan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Di\u011fer iki o\u011ful, Naim ve Abd\u00fcl, Arnavutluk tarihinde \u00f6nemli roller oynam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Orta\u00f6\u011frenimini bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Yunanistan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kalan Yanya\u2019da \u00fcnl\u00fc Zosimea Lisesi\u2019nde tamamlad\u0131. Eski ve yeni Yunanca, Frans\u0131zca ve \u0130talyanca\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, Arap\u00e7a ve Fars\u00e7a \u00f6\u011frendi. Aile gelene\u011fi do\u011frultusunda Bekta\u015fi tekkesine devam etti.<\/p>\n

Emine Han\u0131m ile evli olan \u015eemseddin Sami, bir s\u00fcre Yanya Mektubi Kalemi\u2019nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1871\u2019da \u0130stanbul\u2019a geldi. Matbuat Kalemi\u2019nde memur olarak g\u00f6reve ba\u015flad\u0131. Memurluk yaparken bir yandan da ilk telif eseri olan Taa\u015f\u015fuk-\u0131 Talat ve Fitnat adl\u0131 roman\u0131n\u0131 1872-1873 y\u0131llar\u0131nda forma forma yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Eb\u00fczziya Tevfik\u2019in \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sirac ve Hadika gazetelerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Vatan Yahut Silistre krizi esnas\u0131nda bu gazete Yeni Osmanl\u0131lar lehine ne\u015friyatta bulundu\u011fu i\u00e7in kapat\u0131ld\u0131. 1874\u2019te Frans\u0131zca\u2019dan \u00e7evirdi\u011fi \u0130htiyar Onba\u015f\u0131 adl\u0131 trajedisinin sahnede kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131 \u00fczerine, Arnavut sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 ele alan Besa adl\u0131 oyunu da Gedikpa\u015fa Tiyatrosu\u2019nda sahnelendi.<\/p>\n

1874\u2019te vilayet gazetesini y\u00f6netmek \u00fczere Trablusgarp\u2019a gitti. Dokuz ay orada kald\u0131. Bu g\u00f6revinden \u00f6nce bir \u0130talya seyahati yapt\u0131. \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00f6nd\u00fckten sonra, 1876\u2019da Mihran Efendi Nakka\u015fyan\u2019la ile birlikte Sabah gazetesini yay\u0131mlamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu gazete k\u0131sa zamanda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir pop\u00fclerlik kazanarak T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131nda o zamana kadar g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bir tiraja kavu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

1877\u2019de bir s\u00fcre Rodos Valisi Sava Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n m\u00fch\u00fcrdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revinde bulundu. D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde, daha \u00f6nce Sabah\u2019ta yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c\u015eundan Bundan\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 k\u00f6\u015fesini Terc\u00fcman-\u0131 \u015eark gazetesinde s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bu s\u0131rada yo\u011fun olarak Arnavut konular\u0131yla ilgilendi. Bir yandan a\u011fabeyi Abd\u00fcl Fra\u015feri\u2019nin \u00f6nderli\u011findeki Arnavut \u0130ttihad\u0131 hareketini desteklerken, Arnavutlu\u011fun Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 savunan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

1880\u2019te Abd\u00fclhamit\u2019in iste\u011fi \u00fczerine saraya al\u0131narak mabeynde kurulan Tefti\u015f-i Askeri Komisyonu\u2019nun k\u00e2tipli\u011fine getirildi. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcne kadar korudu\u011fu bu g\u00f6rev, onun ekonomik rahatl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015farak kitaplar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n sa\u011flad\u0131. Bu y\u0131llarda Daniel Defoe\u2019dan Robenson Kruzo ve Victor Hugo\u2019dan Sefiller romanlar\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evirdi. 1882-83 y\u0131llar\u0131nda, b\u00fcy\u00fck eserlerinin ilki olan Frans\u0131zca-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Kamus-\u0131 Fransevi\u2019yi, 1885\u2019te de bu eserin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e-Frans\u0131zca k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Bu eserden dolay\u0131 II. Abd\u00fclhamit taraf\u0131ndan \u0130ftihar Madalyas\u0131 tevcih olundu. 1889\u2019dan itibaren tek ba\u015f\u0131na yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve dokuz y\u0131lda alt\u0131 cilt olarak yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kamus-\u00fcl A\u2019l\u00e2m adl\u0131 ansiklopediyle, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en pop\u00fcler yazarlar\u0131ndan biri haline geldi.<\/p>\n

Kamus-\u00fcl Alam yay\u0131n\u0131 daha tamamlanmadan, 1896-1897 aras\u0131nda bir y\u0131ll\u0131k bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla, bug\u00fcne dek haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f en kapsaml\u0131 Arap\u00e7a-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e lugat olan Kamus-\u0131 Arabi adl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc fas\u0131l fas\u0131l \u00e7\u0131karmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ancak Firuzabadi Kamus\u2019unun birbu\u00e7uk kat\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 haber verilen bu eserin, ancak cim harfinin sonuna kadar olan 504 sayfal\u0131k k\u0131sm\u0131 yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n

1898\u2019de gazetelerde \u015eemseddin Sami\u2019nin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019nin \u0131slah\u0131 \u00fczerine bir dizi makalesi \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 1899\u2019da modern ilkelere g\u00f6re haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ilk T\u00fcrk\u00e7e-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e s\u00f6zl\u00fck olan Kamus-\u0131 T\u00fcrki\u2019yi yazmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. 1901\u2019de bu b\u00fcy\u00fck eseri yay\u0131mlad\u0131ktan sonra kendini tamamen T\u00fcrk dili ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na verdi. 1902\u2019de Kutadgu Bilik ve 1903\u2019te Orhun Abideleri\u2019nin izahl\u0131 \u00e7evirilerini haz\u0131rlad\u0131. Orta\u00e7a\u011f K\u0131p\u00e7ak\u00e7as\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki eserini bitiremeden 18 Haziran 1904\u2019te Erenk\u00f6y\u2019deki evinde ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u015eemseddin Sami Fra\u015feri, 1 Haziran 1850 y\u0131l\u0131nda Frash\u00ebr Arnavutluk\u2019ta do\u011fdu. Arnavut as\u0131ll\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 yazar, ansiklopedist ve s\u00f6zl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc. T\u00fcrk harfleriyle yaz\u0131lan ilk T\u00fcrk\u00e7e roman olan Taa\u015f\u015fuk-\u0131 Talat ve Fitnat\u2019\u0131n (1872), ilk T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ansiklopedi olan Kamus-\u00fcl Alam\u2019\u0131n (1889-1898) ve modern anlamdaki ilk geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e s\u00f6zl\u00fck olan Kamus-\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00ee\u2019nin (1901) yazar\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Kamus-\u0131 Fransev\u00ee adl\u0131 Frans\u0131zca ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7449,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[1050,897,1083,340],"class_list":["post-7448","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur","tag-arnavut","tag-osmanli","tag-semseddin-sami","tag-yazar"],"views":1883,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7448","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7448"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7448\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7450,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7448\/revisions\/7450"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7449"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7448"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7448"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7448"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}