{"id":8629,"date":"2017-07-24T13:51:40","date_gmt":"2017-07-24T11:51:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/timebalkan.com\/?p=39957"},"modified":"2017-08-02T08:26:13","modified_gmt":"2017-08-02T06:26:13","slug":"kudusun-statusu-ve-uluslararasi-hukukun-sefaleti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/kudusun-statusu-ve-uluslararasi-hukukun-sefaleti\/","title":{"rendered":"Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fcn stat\u00fcs\u00fc ve uluslararas\u0131 hukukun(!) sefaleti"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Se\u00e7im kampanyas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda Trump\u2019\u0131n ve daha sonra Rusya d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Bat\u0131 Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fc \u0130srail\u2019in ba\u015fkenti olarak tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 ve \u0130srail\u2019in Kud\u00fcs\u2019teki son g\u00fcnlerdeki uygulamalar\u0131, \u015fehrin stat\u00fcs\u00fc tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 tekrar g\u00fcndeme getirdi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130slam \u015fehri karakterini, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar taraf\u0131ndan fethinin ard\u0131ndan, hen\u00fcz miladi VII. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren alan Kud\u00fcs, Osmanl\u0131lar d\u00f6neminde, 400 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcre boyunca, tarihinin en m\u00fcreffeh ve huzurlu g\u00fcnlerini Kuds-i \u015eerif ad\u0131yla ya\u015fad\u0131. \u015eehri 11 Aral\u0131k 1917\u2019de, yani bundan tam bir as\u0131r \u00f6nce i\u015fgal eden \u0130ngiliz General Allenby \u201cHa\u00e7l\u0131 Seferlerinin art\u0131k sona erdi\u011fini\u201d ifade ederken, asl\u0131nda Kud\u00fcs m\u00fccadelesinin hi\u00e7 bitmeyece\u011fini tahmin ediyor muydu? Elbette bunu bilmemiz imkans\u0131z. Ancak se\u00e7im kampanyas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda Trump\u2019\u0131n ve daha sonra Rusya d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Bat\u0131 Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fc \u0130srail\u2019in ba\u015fkenti olarak tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 ve \u0130srail\u2019in Kud\u00fcs\u2019teki son g\u00fcnlerdeki uygulamalar\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 semavi din taraf\u0131ndan kutsal olarak kabul edilen \u015fehrin stat\u00fcs\u00fc tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 tekrar g\u00fcndeme getirdi. Asl\u0131nda \u0130srail\u2019in nihai hedefi, belli bir strateji \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde y\u0131llard\u0131r ad\u0131m ad\u0131m uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan ar\u0131nd\u0131rma ve Mescid-i Aksa hareminde M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n mukaddes mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131karak burada S\u00fcleyman mabedini in\u015fa ve ihya etme politikas\u0131, maalesef \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu bu s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 d\u00f6nemde gere\u011fince g\u00fcndem olam\u0131yor. Halbuki \u0130srail taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015fkent ilan edilen Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fcn stat\u00fcs\u00fc, Filistin sorununun en can al\u0131c\u0131 noktas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fcn stat\u00fcs\u00fc sorunu, \u0130srail\u2019in kurulmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nceye kadar uzanmakta. \u0130srail\u2019in kurulmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce \u0130ngiliz mandas\u0131 alt\u0131nda bulunan Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fcn, yeni kurulmu\u015f olan Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler plan\u0131na g\u00f6re (Kas\u0131m 1947), Arap ve Yahudi b\u00f6lgeleri olarak iki k\u0131sma ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bunu g\u00f6re \u015fehir, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler korumas\u0131nda, uluslaras\u0131 \u00f6zel bir y\u00f6netime (corpus seperatum) sahip olacakt\u0131. Bu plan\u0131n Arap liderler taraf\u0131ndan reddedili\u015finin \u00fczerinden \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden, Irgun ve Hagana gibi ter\u00f6rist \u00f6rg\u00fctler vas\u0131tas\u0131yla estirilen tedhi\u015f sonucunda pek \u00e7ok Kud\u00fcsl\u00fc \u015fehirlerini terketmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Bu tedhi\u015f eylemlerinin en bilineni, Nisan 1948\u2019deki Deyr Yasin k\u00f6y\u00fcnde 250 sivilin katledilmesiydi. 1948 sonunda Kud\u00fcs\u2019te M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n n\u00fcfusu 70 binlerden 3 bin 500\u2019lere kadar d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

\u0130srail\u2019in 1948\u2019de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan\u0131yla Arap-\u0130srail sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler plan\u0131nda y\u00fczde 55\u2019i Yahudilere, y\u00fczde 45\u2019i ise Filistinlilere ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan Filistin topraklar\u0131n\u0131n, y\u00fczde 78\u2019i bu sava\u015f\u0131n sonunda Yahudilerin eline ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve Filistinlilere sadece y\u00fczde 22\u2019si b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bundan sonra Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fcn do\u011fusu \u00f6zel stat\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019\u00fcn kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131nda kald\u0131. Ate\u015fkes antla\u015fmas\u0131na g\u00f6re Eski \u015eehir\u2019in g\u00fcneyindeki bir k\u0131s\u0131m insans\u0131z b\u00f6lge ilan edilmi\u015f, \u00dcrd\u00fcn y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131ndaki Do\u011fu Kud\u00fcs\u2019te ise Cebel\u00fc\u2019l-Me\u015f\u00e2rif (Cebel\u00fc\u2019l-Me\u015fhed, Mount Scopus) b\u00f6lgesi \u0130brani \u00dcniversitesi\u2019ne ve bir \u0130srail hastanesine b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda 1967 Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 olarak bilinen bu b\u00f6l\u00fcnme, asl\u0131nda iki devletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm planlar\u0131n\u0131n da temel tart\u0131\u015fma konular\u0131ndan biri oldu. Bat\u0131 Kud\u00fcs ise hen\u00fcz 1950\u2019de \u0130srail\u2019in ba\u015fkenti olarak ilan edilmi\u015fti bile.<\/p>\n

1967 sava\u015f\u0131nda (Alt\u0131 G\u00fcn Sava\u015f\u0131), Filistin topraklar\u0131n\u0131n geri kalan y\u00fczde 22\u2019sini de i\u015fgal eden \u0130srail, Do\u011fu Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fc tamam\u0131yla kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131na ald\u0131, kendi kurdu\u011fu Kud\u00fcs belediyesinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na dahil etti ve b\u00f6ylece \u015fehrin tamam\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etmi\u015f oldu. Ancak \u0130srail\u2019in Kud\u00fcs\u2019le ilgili uygulamalar\u0131 bununla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmad\u0131: 1948\u2019den sonra \u00fclkede kalan Filistinlilere vatanda\u015fl\u0131k veren \u0130srail, Do\u011fu Kud\u00fcsl\u00fclere sadece oturma izni verdi. Vatanda\u015fl\u0131k hakk\u0131 vermeyerek, Kud\u00fcs\u2019ten e\u011fitim ya da i\u015f nedeniyle ayr\u0131lan Filistinlilerin de oturma haklar\u0131n\u0131 iptal etti. Dahas\u0131, i\u015fgal etti\u011fi Do\u011fu Kud\u00fcs\u2019te n\u00fcfus dengesini M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ve H\u0131ristiyanlar aleyhine bozmak maksad\u0131yla, 200 bin ki\u015fiyi bar\u0131nd\u0131ran on iki yeni Yahudi yerle\u015fim birimine izin verdi. \u0130n\u015fa ettirdi\u011fi Yahudi yerle\u015fimleriyle Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fc \u00e7epe\u00e7evre muhasara alt\u0131na alarak ve utan\u00e7 duvarlar\u0131 in\u015fa ederek di\u011fer Filistin \u015fehirleriyle ili\u015fkisini kesti.<\/p>\n

\u0130srail parlamentosu Knesset 1973\u2019te ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararla Do\u011fu Kud\u00fcs\u2019teki Yahudi ve Araplara Kud\u00fcs belediye se\u00e7imlerinde oy verme hakk\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131. Bu kararla Do\u011fu Kud\u00fcs bat\u0131s\u0131na ilhak ediliyordu. Knesset Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fcn tamam\u0131n\u0131 \u0130srail\u2019in \u201cb\u00f6l\u00fcnmez ezeli ba\u015fkenti\u201d ilan eden Kud\u00fcs yasas\u0131n\u0131 1980\u2019de onaylad\u0131. Ancak bu karar Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, hi\u00e7bir devlet Kud\u00fcs\u2019te b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ilik a\u00e7mad\u0131.<\/p>\n

1988\u2019de Filistin Ulusal Konseyi ba\u015fkenti (Do\u011fu) Kud\u00fcs olan Filistin Devleti\u2019nin kurulu\u015funu ilan etti. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, 90\u2019lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren, So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u0131n sona ermesi ve SSCB\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131yla birlikte, \u0130srail\u2019e g\u00f6\u00e7 eden pek \u00e7ok Sovyet ve Polonya Yahudisi Kud\u00fcs\u2019e yerle\u015ftirildi. \u0130srail bu g\u00f6\u00e7leri Do\u011fu Kud\u00fcs\u2019teki i\u015fgalini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek amac\u0131yla kulland\u0131. Do\u011fu Kud\u00fcs\u2019teki yerle\u015fimlere kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan ABD, ironik bir bi\u00e7imde bu yerle\u015fimler i\u00e7in 400 milyon dolar kredi verdi. ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Geroge Bush 1992\u2019de \u0130srail\u2019e g\u00f6\u00e7 edenlerin yerle\u015fimleri i\u00e7in 10 milyar dolarl\u0131k bir kredi anla\u015fmas\u0131 daha yapt\u0131. \u0130srail 1995\u2019ten itibaren bu yerle\u015fimleri daha da art\u0131rarak, kuzeyde Ramallah\u2019tan g\u00fcneyde el-Halil\u2019e uzanan \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Kud\u00fcs\u201d\u00fc in\u015fa etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

ABD Kongresi ayn\u0131 y\u0131l ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kararla ABD b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011finin Tel Aviv\u2019den Kud\u00fcs\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 onaylasa da, ABD ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 alt\u0131 ayl\u0131k periyodlar halinde bu karar\u0131 erteliyorlar. Son ABD ba\u015fkan\u0131 Trump se\u00e7im kampanyas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fin Kud\u00fcs\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 do\u011frultusunda a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yapm\u0131\u015f olsa da, bu karar\u0131 hen\u00fcz icraata d\u00f6kmedi. Ancak bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar dahi \u0130srail y\u00f6netimini cesaretlendirmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

H\u00e2len sadece Kud\u00fcs\u2019teki Harem b\u00f6lgesindeki yap\u0131lar\u0131n tamiri ve bak\u0131m\u0131 \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019\u00fcn kontrol\u00fcnde olmakla birlikte, Kud\u00fcs sorunu Filistin-\u0130srail g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde en \u00f6nemli engel olarak duruyor. Filistin y\u00f6netimi (1967 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 olarak bilinen) 1949 ate\u015fkes hatt\u0131n\u0131n iki toplum aras\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131r olmas\u0131n\u0131 isterken, \u0130srail sadece Do\u011fu Kud\u00fcs\u2019te M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara ve H\u0131ristiyanlara ait kutsal mekanlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 hakk\u0131n\u0131 Filistin y\u00f6netimine vermeyi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130srail\u2019in Kud\u00fcs ve burada ya\u015fayan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ve H\u0131ristiyanlar aleyhine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sistematik faaliyetler, \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu durum ve ABD ba\u015fkan\u0131 Trump\u2019\u0131n cesaret verici a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131n da tesiriyle, gittik\u00e7e i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmaz bir h\u00e2l al\u0131yor. B\u00fct\u00fcn BM kararlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u0130srail, \u015fehirde yap\u0131lmas\u0131na izin verdi\u011fi yahudi yerle\u015fimleri vas\u0131tas\u0131yla M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 ve H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 tecrit ederken, demografik yap\u0131y\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aleyhine de\u011fi\u015ftirmek ve \u015fehri M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan \u2018ar\u0131nd\u0131rmak\u2019 i\u00e7in elinden geleni yap\u0131yor. Kud\u00fcsl\u00fcler\u2019e sadece ikamet izni verdi\u011finden, k\u0131sa bir m\u00fcddet i\u00e7in dahi olsa \u015fehir d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kanlar\u0131n Kud\u00fcs\u2019teki oturma izinleri iptal ediliyor, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan gelen Filistinlilerin de \u015fehre girmesine izin verilmiyor. A\u011f\u0131r vergiler y\u00fcklenen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n evlerini tamir etmelerine ve yeni evler in\u015fa etmelerine izin verilmedi\u011finden, Filistinliler \u00e7ok zor \u015fartlarda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck evlerde, kalabal\u0131k bir halde ya\u015famak zorunda kal\u0131yor. Kud\u00fcs\u2019te i\u015f imkan\u0131 bulamayan gen\u00e7ler tahsil g\u00f6rmek ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in \u015fehir d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131nda, bir daha \u015fehre girmelerine izin verilmeyebiliyor. Kud\u00fcsl\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ve H\u0131ristiyan gen\u00e7ler ve \u00e7ocuklar ne yeterli e\u011fitim alabiliyor ne de bo\u015f vakitlerini de\u011ferlendirebilecekleri oyun ve spor alanlar\u0131na sahipler. Tarihi mekanlar\u0131n restorasyonu ise maddi imk\u00e2n olsa dahi \u00e7ok karma\u015f\u0131k d\u00fczenlemelere tabi. \u0130srail Mescid-i Aksa Hareminin alt\u0131nda \u2018arkeolojik ve bilimsel kaz\u0131lar\u2019 ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda onlarca galeri ve t\u00fcnel a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f durumda. Bu t\u00fcneller uzun vadede Haremdeki yap\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6kmesiyle sonu\u00e7lanabilir ki bu da \u0130srail\u2019e S\u00fcleyman mabedini yeniden in\u015fa etmek i\u00e7in bir f\u0131rsat verebilir.<\/p>\n

Irak, Suriye, Yemen ve Libya\u2019daki i\u00e7 sava\u015flar\u0131n, K\u00f6rfez blo\u011fundaki \u00e7atlamalar\u0131n, \u0130ran ve Suudi Arabistan aras\u0131ndaki rekabetin ve b\u00f6lgedeki toplumlar\u0131n ya\u015famakta oldu\u011fu siyasi ve sosyal problemlerin \u00fcst\u00fcne bir de \u0130srail\u2019in saatli bomba etkisine sahip Kud\u00fcs\u2019le ilgili uygulamalar\u0131 eklenince gerginlik had safhaya ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda. \u015eayet ABD (Trump\u2019\u0131n se\u00e7im \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda s\u00f6z verdi\u011fi gibi) \u0130srail\u2019deki el\u00e7ili\u011fini Tel Aviv\u2019den Kud\u00fcs\u2019e naklederse, bu hareket b\u00f6lgede tam bir atom bombas\u0131 etkisi yarat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Son s\u00f6z: Fiistin meselesi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmeden Ortado\u011fu\u2019ya bar\u0131\u015f gelmez.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: AA<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Se\u00e7im kampanyas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda Trump\u2019\u0131n ve daha sonra Rusya d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Bat\u0131 Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fc \u0130srail\u2019in ba\u015fkenti olarak tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 ve \u0130srail\u2019in Kud\u00fcs\u2019teki son g\u00fcnlerdeki uygulamalar\u0131, \u015fehrin stat\u00fcs\u00fc tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 tekrar g\u00fcndeme getirdi. \u0130slam \u015fehri karakterini, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar taraf\u0131ndan fethinin ard\u0131ndan, hen\u00fcz miladi VII. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren alan Kud\u00fcs, Osmanl\u0131lar d\u00f6neminde, 400 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcre boyunca, tarihinin en m\u00fcreffeh ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8630,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[336,405],"class_list":["post-8629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dunya","tag-filistin","tag-kudus"],"views":306,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8629"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8629\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8677,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8629\/revisions\/8677"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8630"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prizrenpost.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}