Monday, June 22nd 2026
Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient that helps in the normal functioning of the nervous system, the formation of red blood cells and the production of DNA. However, its importance is often underestimated until its deficiency appears, which can cause a variety of health problems.
When vitamin B12 levels drop slightly, symptoms may be mild or go unnoticed. But if the level remains low for a long period, it can cause nerve damage.
Vitamin B12 deficiency occurs when the body does not have enough of this vitamin to produce properly functioning red blood cells. These cells are responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. As a result, various symptoms may appear, including numbness or tingling in the toes.
Experts recommend that people who suspect they may have a vitamin B12 deficiency consult a doctor, as the diagnosis is usually confirmed through blood tests. Early diagnosis and treatment are very important, as some complications can become permanent if the condition is left untreated.
What causes vitamin B12 deficiency?
One of the most common causes is pernicious anemia, an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the cells of the stomach. This reduces the production of an important protein called “intrinsic factor”, which is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12.
Without this protein, the body cannot absorb vitamin B12, regardless of how rich the diet is with foods that contain it.
Treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency depends on the cause. In most cases, patients are treated with vitamin B12 injections to restore normal levels in the body. Other blood tests may be needed during treatment to monitor improvement.
Vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency can cause a wide range of symptoms, which usually develop gradually and worsen if left untreated.
Rapid or irregular heartbeat
Red or painful tongue, sometimes with mouth ulcers
Problems with memory, understanding and judgment
Even before anemia develops, a lack of vitamin B12 can affect the brain and nervous system, causing:
Numbness or tingling in the hands and feet
Problems with urinary control (incontinence)
Doctors emphasize that early recognition of these symptoms and timely treatment can prevent long-term damage to the nervous system and other serious complications health.
Source: prizrenpost
